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Item Open Access CREATION OF AN INNOVATIVE ROBOT WITH A GRIPPER FOR MOVING PLANT MICROSHOOTS FROM THE IN VITRO TRANSPORT TANK TO THE WORKING TANK WITH SOIL GROUND AT THE STAGE OF THEIR ADAPTATION IN SOIL GROUND DURING MICROCLONAL REPRODUCTION(Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 2022-03-28) Kaimov, Abylay; Syrgaliyev, Yerzhan; Tuleshov, Amandyk; Kaimov, Suleimen; Kaiym, Talgat; Kaimov, Aidarkhan; Primbetova, Altynay; Gribanov, VitalyThe industrial development of cities is the main cause of the destruction and degradation of natural resources around the world. Urbanization negatively affects the species composition of plants, the atmosphere and soil cover of areas of populated areas of large cities of the World. Tree plantations are the main mechanism for stabilizing the ecological situation in large cities and arid territories of the countries of the World. In this regard, in order to obtain a large number of genetically identical plants using their micropropagation, it is necessary to automate the main stages of this technological process. The result of the study is the creation of an adaptive phalanx gripper of a robotic complex for automating the technological process of handling operations. That will have a positive effect on solving the urgent problem of planting greenery in large cities and areas of arid territories not only in the Republic of Kazakhstan, but also in other countries of the World and represents a fundamentally new approach to solving the environmental problems of the Earth. The article substantiates various options for structural-kinematic schemes of the robot gripper, taking into account the stochastic conditions of its interaction with the overloaded object. Mathematical methods have been created for the selection and justification of the geometric, structural-kinematic and dynamic parameters of grippers for overloading plant microshoots and their computer 3D models. Software has been developed for modeling the functioning of a remotely controlled physical prototype of a mobile robot with an adaptive gripper for reloading microshoots from a transport tank to a cargo tank.Item Open Access THE ROLE OF SUMMER INTENSIVE PROGRAMMES ON IMPROVING STUDENTS’ LEARNING OUTCOMES IN RURAL AREAS(International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 2021-03-30) Sagyndykova, Zhailagul; Gazdiyeva, Bella; Gabdullina, Zarina; Akhmetzhanova, Aida; Mektepbayeva, Damel; Althonayan, AbrahamMany countries face serious challenges with education in rural areas. Vast majority of education in rural areas are disadvantaged. In Kazakhstan, inef-fective outcomes of education in rural areas impact on most rural students are lack employability and entrepreneurial skills. This research investigates the role of intensive summer programmes on improving students’ learning outcomes aim to develop and Inspire employability and entrepreneurial skills and STEAM-education in rural schools of Kazakhstan. This research suggest that the summer program transferred practical skills and knowledge to stu-dents, while increasing their motivation to learn outside of the classroom in a way that traditional educational system has not. There are social and eco-nomic challenges in the rural areas: unemployment, the lack of highly skilled professionals, and low motivation. Summer programs appear to ad-dress all above issues by motivating youth to learn and providing them with practical skills that can be used in their private life and careers.Item Open Access THICK TARGET INVERSE KINEMATICS APPROACH FOR NEUTRON EMISSION(PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH, 2020-08-12) Goldberg, V. Z.; Gazeeva, E. M.; Golovkov, M. S.; Bezbakh, A. A.; Nauruzbayev, D. K.; Nurmukhanbetova, A. K.; Kurmanaliyev, Zh.; Serikov, A.; Zalewski, B.; Rogachev, G. V.We applied the thick target inverse kinematics method for a study of resonances decaying through neutron emission. In this approach, the time of flight of the resonant neutrons is defined by the movement of the heavy ions of low-energy beams through an extended target. As a test, we used a well-studied, because of its role in the s process in stars, 13C(α, n) reaction. The measurements demonstrated the high efficiency of the approach. The energy resolution for the 13C(α, n) excitation function was ≈60 keV, the largest contributions coming from the time structure of the beam and the thickness of the neutron detector. The measurements revealed a surprising disagreement with the R-matrix calculations based on the parameters of the recent analysis.Item Open Access INVESTIGATION OF POWER AND FORCE PARAMETERS OF PRESSING OF PRECISIONS AT THE CONTINUOUS PRESSING MILL OF NEW CONSTRUCTION(SERIES OF GEOLOGY AND TECHNICAL SCIENCES, 2020) Mashekov, S. A.; Nugman, E. Z.; Mashekova, A. S.; Bekbosynova, B. A.; Tussupkaliyeva, E. A.; Absadykov, B. N.In the article, by using the direct method in the calculus of variations, the mechanism of deformation force development in the matrix, when pressing rods in a new device with is considered, in addition the kinematics of the process is analytically analyzed and the forces acting on the screw-like rolls of this device are calculated. On the basis of the calculated data, it is established that the pressing stress decreases with increasing torques applied to the screw-like rolls of the proposed device. It is proved that with increasing the value of the input angle of the matrix, the forces and the pressing torque are increased. It is shown that the direction of friction forces exerts a significant influence on the pressing stress. The smallest force and the pressing torque are obtained with an angle of friction forces of 45°. The conducted researches made it possible to obtain new scientific data on the force parameters of rod pressing on a new device, and the practical application of the results of the study will ensure an increase in the efficiency of the manufacturing processes of bar productsItem Open Access Photon propagation in slowly varying inhomogeneous electromagnetic fields(American Physical Society, 2015-04) Karbstein, Felix; Shaisultanov, RashidStarting from the Heisenberg-Euler effective Lagrangian, we determine the photon current and photon polarization tensor in inhomogeneous, slowly varying electromagnetic fields. To this end, we consider background field configurations varying in both space and time, paying special attention to the tensor structure. As a main result, we obtain compact analytical expressions for the photon polarization tensor in realistic Gaussian laser pulses, as generated in the focal spots of high-intensity lasers. These expressions are of utmost importance for the investigation of quantum vacuum nonlinearities in realistic high-intensity laser experiments.Item Open Access Emptying Water Towers? Impacts of Future Climateand Glacier Change on River Discharge in theNorthern Tien Shan, Central Asia(MDPI, 2020-02-26) Zhumabayev, Dauren; Shahgedanova, Maria; Afzal, Muhammad; Hagg, Wilfried; Kapitsa, Vassiliy; Kasatkin, Nikolay; Mayr, Elizabeth; Rybak, Oleg; Saidaliyeva, Zarina; Severskiy, Igor; Usmanova, Zamira; Wade, Andrew; Yaitskaya, Nataliampacts of projected climate and glacier change on river discharge in five glacierized catchments in the northern Tien Shan, Kazakhstan are investigated using a conceptual hydrological model HBV-ETH. Regional climate model PRECIS driven by four different GCM-scenario combinations (HadGEM2.6, HadGEM8.5, A1B using HadCM3Q0 and ECHAM5) is used to develop climate projections. Future changes in glaciation are assessed using the Blatter–Pattyn type higher-order 3D coupled ice flow and mass balance model. All climate scenarios show statistically significant warming in the 21st Century. Neither projects statistically significant change in annual precipitation although HadGEM and HadCM3Q0-driven scenarios show 20–37% reduction in July–August precipitation in 2076–2095 in comparison with 1980–2005. Glaciers are projected to retreat rapidly until the 2050s and stabilize afterwards except under the HadGEM8.5 scenario where retreat continues. Glaciers are projected to lose 38–50% of their volume and 34–39% of their area. Total river discharge in July–August, is projected to decline in catchments with low (2–4%) glacierization by 20–37%. In catchments with high glacierization (16% and over), no significant changes in summer discharge are expected while spring discharge is projected to increase. In catchments with medium glacierization (10–12%), summer discharge is expected to decline under the less aggressive scenarios while flow is sustained under the most aggressive HadGEM8.5 scenario, which generates stronger melt.Item Open Access Intelligent voice system for kazakh(Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2014-04-04) Yessenbayev, Z.; Saparkhojayev, N.; Tibeyev, T.Modern speech technologies are highly advanced and widely used in day-to-day applications. However, this is mostly concerned with the languages of well-developed countries such as English, German, Japan, Russian, etc. As for Kazakh, the situation is less prominent and research in this field is only starting to evolve. In this research and applicationoriented project, we introduce an intelligent voice system for the fast deployment of callcenters and information desks supporting Kazakh speech. The demand on such a system is obvious if the country’s large size and small population is considered....Item Open Access Pole dark energy(Physical Review, 2019-11) Linder, E. V.Theories with a pole in the kinetic term have been used to great effect in studying inflation, owing to their quantum stability and attractor properties. We explore the use of such pole kinetic terms in dark energy theories, finding an interesting link between thawing and freezing models, and the possibility of enhanced plateaus with ``superattractor''-like behavior. We assess the observational viability of pole dark energy, showing that simple models can give dark energy equation of state evolution with w(z)<−0.9 even for potentials that could not normally achieve this easily. The kinetic term pole also offers an interesting perspective with respect to the swampland criteria for such observationally viable dark energy models....Item Open Access Systems-Level Characterization of Microchannel Plate Detector Assemblies, using a Pulsed sub-Picosecond Laser(Physics Procedia, 2012-12-31) Wetstein, M.; Adams, B.; Chollet, Matthieu; Webster, Preston; Jokela, Slade; Veryovkin, Igor; Zinovev, Alex; Elam, Jeffrey; Mane, Anil; Peng, Qing; Frisch, Henry; Insepov, Z.; Wetstein, Matthew J.Abstract Microchannel plate photomultiplier tubes (MCP-PMTs) are compact imaging detectors, capable of micron-level spatial imaging and timing measurements with resolutions well below 10 picoseconds. The Large Area Picosecond Photodetector Collaboration (LAPPD) is developing techniques for fabricating 8“x8”, thin, planar, glass-body MCP-PMTs at costs comparable to traditional PMTs. Collaboration between the High Energy Physics Division and the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) has produced an advanced channel-plate characterization facility for testing the time response of MCPs using a pulsed laser capable of sub-picosecond pulses. The MCPs are tested in stacks of one or two plates with a simple photocathode and coupled to a microstripline anode board. LAPPD-made MCPs have already demonstrated gains larger than 105 and promising time resolving capabilities. These measurements will guide the systems-level optimization of LAPPD detectors and the development of signal processing algorithms. Predictions made by the LAPPD simulations group based on electron emmission properties of the MCP pore surface are compared with these tests to help further our understanding of MCP performance.Item Open Access Atomistic and Kinetic Simulations of Radiation Damage in Molybdenum(2012 MRS Spring Meeting, 2012-04) Rest, J.; Yacout, A. M.; Ye, B.; Yun, D.; Kuksin, A. Y.; Norman, G. E.; Stegailov, V. V.; Yanilkin, A. V.; Insepov, Z.A new Mo potential, developed recently by using an ab initio quantum mechanics theory, was used to study formation and time evolution of radiation defects, such as self-interstitial atoms (SIAs), vacancies, and small clusters of SIAs, using molecular dynamics (MD). MD models were developed for calculation of the diffusion coefficients of vacancies, self-interstitials, and small dislocation loops containing 2 to 37 SIAs; and the rate constants were calculated. Interactions of small SIA loops with SIAs were simulated. The results show that rotation of SIA from one 〈111〉 to another equivalent direction is an important mechanism that significantly contributes to kinetic coefficients.Item Open Access Multiscale simulation models of Xe bubble formation in irradiated Mo(Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, 2012) Starikov, S. V.; Yun, D.; Yacout, A. M.; Insepov, Z.Multiscale simulation models for Xe bubble nucleation and growth in irradiated Mo were developed that consist Ab-initio calculations of the interatomic potentials for the Mo and Xe-Mo systems, atomistic MD simulations of the kinetic rate coefficients of radiation defects, and nucleation mechanisms of Xe bubbles in Mo. Simulations of various Xe concentrations, temperatures and pressures were carried out. A critical concentration of Xe atoms was determined at which the nucleation occurs spontaneously.Item Restricted In situ TEM investigation of Xe ion irradiation induced defects and bubbles in pure molybdenum single crystal(Journ al of Nuclear Materials, 2013-06-30) Yun, D.; Kirk, Marquis A.; Baldo, Peter M.; Rest, J.; Yacout, A. M.; Insepov, Z.; Yun, DiAbstract In order to study irradiation damage and inert gas bubble formation and growth behaviors, and to provide results and insights useful towards the validation of a multi-scale simulation approach based on a newly developed Xe–Mo inter-atomic potential, in situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) studies of Xe implantations in pure single crystal Molybdenum (Mo) have been conducted. 300keV and 400keV Xe+ ion beams were used to implant Xe in pre-thinned TEM Mo specimens. The irradiations were conducted at 300°C and 600°C to ion fluence up to 4×1016ions/cm2.In situ TEM characterization allows detailed behaviors of defect clusters to be observed and is very useful in illustrating defect interaction mechanisms and processes. Dislocation loops were found to form at relatively low irradiation fluence levels. The characterization results showed that the free surfaces, formed in the process of producing pre-thinned specimens, play an important role in influencing the behaviors of dislocation loops. Similar characterizations were conducted at high fluence levels where Xe gas bubbles can be clearly observed. Xe gas bubbles were observed to form by a multi-atom nucleation process and they were immobile throughout the irradiation process at both temperatures. Measurements on both the number density and the size of dislocation loops and gas bubbles were taken. The results and implications of the measurements are discussed in this paper.Item Restricted A ternary EAM interatomic potential for U-Mo alloys with xenon(Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, 21(3), 2013-04) Smirnova, D.E.; Kuksin, A. Y.; Starikov, S. V.; Stegailov, V. V.; Rest, J.; Yacout, A. M.; Insepov, Z.A new interatomic potential for a uranium-molybdenum system with xenon is developed in the framework of an embedded atom model using a force-matching technique and a dataset of ab initio atomic forces. The verification of the potential proves that it is suitable for the investigation of various compounds existing in the system as well as for simulation of pure elements: U, Mo and Xe. Computed lattice constants, thermal expansion coefficients, elastic properties and melting temperatures of U, Mo and Xe are consistent with the experimentally measured values. The energies of the point defect formation in pure U and Mo are proved to be comparable to the density-functional theory calculations. We compare this new U-Mo-Xe potential with the previously developed U and Mo-Xe potentials. A comparative study between the different potential functions is provided. The key purpose of the new model is to study the atomistic processes of defect evolution taking place in the U-Mo nuclear fuel. Here we use the potential to simulate bcc alloys containing 10 wt% of intermetallic Mo and U2Mo.Item Restricted A multiscale method for the analysis of defect behavior in Mo during electron irradiation(Computational Materials Science, 2014-10-31) Rest, J.; Ye, B.; Yun, D.; Insepov, Z.; Rest, J.Abstract In order to overcome a lack of experimental information on values for key materials properties and kinetic coefficients, a multiscale modeling approach is applied to defect behavior in irradiated Mo where key materials properties, such as point defect (vacancy and interstitial) migration enthalpies as well as kinetic factors such as dimer formation, defect recombination, and self interstitial–interstitial loop interaction coefficients, are obtained by molecular dynamics calculations and implemented into rate-theory simulations of defect behavior. The multiscale methodology is validated against interstitial loop growth data obtained from electron irradiation of pure Mo. It is shown that the observed linear behavior of the loop diameter vs. the square root of irradiation time is a direct consequence of the 1D migration of self-interstitial atoms.Item Open Access Computer simulation and visualization of supersonic jet for gas cluster equipment(Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2015-09-21) Ermakov, Y.; Chernysh, V.; Ivanov, I.; Ieshkin, A.; Kryukov, I.; Alekseev, K.; Kargin, N.; Insepov, Z.; Ieshkin, A.Abstract Supersonic nozzle is a key component of a gas cluster condensation system. We describe a flow visualization system using glow discharge with annular or plane electrodes. The geometric parameters of a supersonic jet under typical conditions used in a gas cluster ion beam accelerator are investigated. As well numerical simulations were performed. Dependence of inlet and ambient pressures and nozzle throat diameter on the shock bottle dimensions is described for different working gases. Influence of condensation rate on shock bottle axial size is discussed.Item Metadata only Low temperature synthesis of graphene nanocomposites using surface passivation of porous silicon nanocrystallites with carbon atoms(2019-02-28) Tynyshtykbayev, Kurbangali B.; Ainabаyev, Ardak; Kononenko, O.; Chichkov; Insepov, Z.; Tynyshtykbayev, Kurbangali B.Abstract This work presents the experimental investigation of the synthesis of graphene carbon nanocomposites (CNC-G) by carbonization of porous silicon (PS) using CVD method at low temperature of T = 350–500 °C. The low-temperature synthesis of CNC-G is explained by a low melting temperature of porous silicon nanocrystallites (nc-PS) formed during electrochemical etching.Item Open Access SEM imaging of acoustically stimulated charge transport in solids(Applied Physics Letters, 2017-06-29) Emelin, E.; Cho, H. D.; Lee, J.; Kang, Tae Won; Panin, Gennady; Roshchupkin, Dmitry; Tynyshtykbayev, Kurbangali B.; Insepov, Z.Applications of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are of great interest for solar energy for the acoustically stimulated transport of charge carriers generated in semiconductors and dielectrics under the influence of light.1–4 A prospective application of SAWs in solar cells could provide a 90% increase in the cell efficiency. SAWs propagating in piezoelectric crystals (piezoelectric semiconductor GaN and GaAs crystals included) have opposite potential values in the SAW minima and maxima due to the piezoelectric effect. Electrons and holes generated by light in a semiconductor or in the subsurface layer of a piezoelectric crystal are correspondingly distributed between SAW minima and maxima. The charges are then transported by SAWs to the solar cell exit at the acoustic wave velocity. Taking advantage of the SAW presence in solar cells, the area of charge “harvest” from the surface of a semiconductor structure or a piezoelectric crystal can be increased, and correspondingly, the solar cell efficiency can be increased too.Item Open Access Nanometer size hole fabrication in 2d ultrathin films with cluster ion beams(American Institute of Physics Inc., 2017-07-24) Ainabayev, A.; Kirkpatrick, S.; Walsh, M.; Vyatkin, A. F.; Insepov, Z.Gas cluster ion beams are proposed as a new tool for producing nanometer sized holes in ultrathin 2D films. Surfaces of films of graphene, graphene oxide, MoS2, and HOPG, and also silicon as a reference, were irradiated by Ar gas cluster ion beams (Exogenesis Corporation, Billerica, MA USA). The results were analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy. Ar gas cluster ion acceleration energy was 30 keV and total ion fluences ranged from 1108 to 11013 cm-2. Uniformly distributed holes, typically in the range of 10 to 25 nanometers in diameter, produced by the cluster ions, were observed on the surface of graphene oxide. To the best of our knowledge, this is first experimental observation of such holesItem Open Access Start-up of Nazarbayev University Student Received Foreign Investment of $ 110,000(Communications Department, Nazarbayev University Research and Innovation System, 2018-10) Kamiyeva, Magrifa; Yessekenova, ZhanettaWe interviewed the alumni of the ABC Business Incubation Program and the ABC Quick Start Acceleration Program, a 3rd year student majoring in Electrical Engineering at Nazarbayev University, Miras Sovetov. It is a matter of great pride and joy for us, because his startup originates in the Incubation and Acceleration Program of Nazarbayev University, for which he has achieved extraordinary results to date. Miras as an independent participant joined us in February 2018, when he had only one idea, and now he has an amazing team. But how does Miras find his start-up idea? What you will have to go through for building a successful start-up? How to market your idea to potential foreign investors? All answers of these questions may be found in the interview.Item Metadata only Three-dimensional imaging of polymer materials by Scanning Probe Tomography(2014-03-01) Alekseev, Alexander; Efimov, Anton; Loos, Joachim; Matsko, Nadejda; Syurik, Julia; Alexander, AlekseevAbstract Scanning Probe Tomography (SPT) is a new method for nanoscale volume imaging of sample morphology and property distribution based on Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM). In this review we describe and discuss recent results obtained with different SPT techniques on polymer samples. The design of the existing SPM based instruments used for tomography in principle allows for volume reconstruction of any kind of mechanical, functional or chemical property distribution, which can be measured by SPM. We describe some recent volume reconstruction results from several types of polymer materials and critically discuss limitations and future prospects of SPM tomography.