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Item Open Access A Low-Cost Open-Source 3-D-Printed Three-Finger Gripper Platform for Research and Educational Purposes(IEEE Access, 2015-06-02) Telegenov, Kuat; Tlegenov, Yedige; Shintemirov, AlmasRobotics research and education have gained significant attention in recent years due to increased development and commercial deployment of industrial and service robots. A majority of researchers working on robot grasping and object manipulation tend to utilize commercially available robot-manipulators equipped with various end effectors for experimental studies. However, commercially available robotic grippers are often expensive and are not easy to modify for specific purposes. To extend the choice of robotic end effectors freely available to researchers and educators, we present an open-source lowcost three-finger robotic gripper platform for research and educational purposes. The 3-D design model of the gripper is presented and manufactured with a minimal number of 3-D-printed components and an off-the-shelf servo actuator. An underactuated finger and gear train mechanism, with an overall gripper assembly design, are described in detail, followed by illustrations and a discussion of the gripper grasping performance and possible gripper platform modifications. The presented open-source gripper platform computer-aided design model is released for downloading on the authors research lab website(www.alaris.kz) and can be utilized by robotics researchers and educators as a design platform to build their own robotic end effector solutions for research and educational purposes.Item Open Access A model of rf breakdown arcs(Fermilab, 2008) Insepov, Z.; Bross, A.; Qian, Z.; Norem, J.; Huang, D.; Veitzer, S.; Torun, Y.This paper presents a rst iteration of a model that attempts to describe all aspects of breakdown in rf cavities and provides some estimates of the parameters and parameter ranges involved, as an aid to producing more precise models and more useful experiments. The model describes how breakdown events can be triggered, how they grow, it identi es the power source for their rapid growth, mechanisms that limit their growth, how they are extinguished and how they can be mitigated. We also discuss applications to superconducting rf and high pressure gas structures. The model relies heavily on previous experiments with 805 and 201 MHz warm copper cavities, and pre-liminary plasma modeling using the code OOPIC Pro. We compare estimates from the model with experimental data where this is possible. Because of the geometrical dependence of all parameters, the wide range of experiments being performed, the wide range of experimental parameters in a given breakdown event and the lack of extensive systematic parameter searches at this stage in our studies, it is diffcult to present precise results. We are constrained to showing what mechanisms are involved, the strength of these mechanisms and how they interact to produce the experimental data. We are primarily interested in the development and dynamics of the arc, magnetic and gas effects and insights on how to avoid arcing in all environments.Item Open Access A New Multiscale Approach to Nuclear Fuel Simulations: Atomistic Validation of Kinetic Method(Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, 2010) Insepov, Z.; Rest, J.; Hofman, G. L.; Yacout, A.; Norman, G. E.; Starikov, S. A.; Stegailov, V. V.A key issue for fuel behavior codes is their sensitivity to values of various materials properties, many of which have large uncertainties or have not been measured. Kinetic mesoscale models, such as those developed at Argonne National Laboratory within the past decade, are directly comparable to data obtained from in-reactor experiments. In the present paper, a new multiscale concept is proposed that consists of using atomistic simulation methods to verify the kinetic approach. The new concept includes kinetic rate-equations for radiation damage, energetics and kinetics of defects, and gas/defect-driven swelling of fuels as a function of temperature and burnup. The quantum and classical atomistic simulation methods are applied to increase our understanding of radiation damage and defect formation and growth processes and to calculate the probabilities of elemental processes and reactions that are applicable to irradiated nuclear materials.Item Metadata only Aberrant base excision repair pathway of oxidatively damaged DNA: Implications for degenerative diseases(Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2017-06-01) Talhaoui, Ibtissam; Matkarimov, Bakhyt T.; Tchenio, Thierry; Zharkov, Dmitry O.; Saparbaev, Murat K.; Ibtissam, TalhaouiAbstract In cellular organisms composition of DNA is constrained to only four nucleobases A, G, T and C, except for minor DNA base modifications such as methylation which serves for defence against foreign DNA or gene expression regulation. Interestingly, this severe evolutionary constraint among other things demands DNA repair systems to discriminate between regular and modified bases. DNA glycosylases specifically recognize and excise damaged bases among vast majority of regular bases in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. However, the mismatched base pairs in DNA can occur from a spontaneous conversion of 5-methylcytosine to thymine and DNA polymerase errors during replication. To counteract these mutagenic threats to genome stability, cells evolved special DNA repair systems that target the non-damaged DNA strand in a duplex to remove mismatched regular DNA bases. Mismatch-specific adenine- and thymine-DNA glycosylases (MutY/MUTYH and TDG/MBD4, respectively) initiated BER and mismatch repair (MMR) pathways can recognize and remove normal DNA bases in mismatched DNA duplexes. Importantly, in DNA repair deficient cells bacterial MutY, human TDG and mammalian MMR can act in the aberrant manner: MutY and TDG removes adenine and thymine opposite misincorporated 8-oxoguanine and damaged adenine, respectively, whereas MMR removes thymine opposite to O6-methylguanine. These unusual activities lead either to mutations or futile DNA repair, thus indicating that the DNA repair pathways which target non-damaged DNA strand can act in aberrant manner and introduce genome instability in the presence of unrepaired DNA lesions. Evidences accumulated showing that in addition to the accumulation of oxidatively damaged DNA in cells, the aberrant DNA repair can also contribute to cancer, brain disorders and premature senescence. For example, the aberrant BER and MMR pathways for oxidized guanine residues can lead to trinucleotide expansion that underlies Huntington's disease, a severe hereditary neurodegenerative syndrome. This review summarises the present knowledge about the aberrant DNA repair pathways for oxidized base modifications and their possible role in age-related diseases.Item Open Access Aberrant repair initiated by the adenine-DNA glycosylase does not play a role in UV-induced mutagenesis in Escherichia coli(BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 2018-12-15) Zutterling, Caroline; Mursalimov, Aibek; alhaoui, Ibtissam; Koshenov, Zhanat; Akishev, Zhiger; Bissenbaev, Amangeldy K.; Mazon, Gerard; Geacintov, Nicolas E.; Gasparutto, Didier; Groisman, Regina; Zharkov, Dmitry O.; Matkarimov, Bakhyt T.; Saparbaev, MuratDNA repair is essential to counteract damage to DNA induced by endo- and exogenous factors, to maintain genome stability. However, challenges to the faithful discrimination between damaged and non-damaged DNA strands do exist, such as mismatched pairs between two regular bases resulting from spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine or DNA polymerase errors during replication. To counteract these mutagenic threats to genome stability, cells evolved the mismatch-specific DNA glycosylases that can recognize and remove regular DNA bases in the mismatched DNA duplexes. The Escherichia coli adenine-DNA glycosylase (MutY/MicA) protects cells against oxidative stress-induced mutagenesis by removing adenine which is mispaired with 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8oxoG) in the base excision repair pathway....Item Open Access Acoustoelectric properties of graphene under the influence of saw and external electric field(Nazarbayev University, NURIS, Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials, 2015) Insepov, Z.; Tynyshtykbayev, Kurbangali B.; Kononenko, Oleg V.; Roshchupkin, Dmitry V.The effect of SAW on the electrical properties of the few-layer (2-3 layers) graphene is studied. Under the influence of SAW the appearence of acoustoelectric current IAEC in graphene is observed. The sign and magnitude of the induced IAEC in graphene conditioned by magnitude and direction of the electromagnetic fields induced by SAW and an external electric field. When the direction of SAW and Vbias is the same IAEC amplified, when at the opposite direction - IAEC are reduced in result of the interaction of these fields with each other. As a result of the measurement of the induced acoustoelectric (IAEC) current in graphene under the influence of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) the fluctuation nature of acoustoelectric current in the area of electrical neutrality is established at low voltages of an external bias (Vbias) applied on a graphene. The fluctuation character of the IAEC is manifested in all cases of measurements depending on the action of SAW and Vbias near the point of electrical neutrality. Chaotic fluctuation potential of graphene in the area of electrical neutrality is enhanced by the action of SAW that allows observing it in real conditions of the experiment at room temperature in air. The magnitude of IAEC depends on the power of SAW, while there is a parabolic dependence of the induced IAEC on the amplification current of SAW power (ISAW). The parabolic dependence of IAEC on ISAW explained by specific relaxation of acoustic phonons of the piezocrystallical substrate, which is dominant in the process of electronphonon scattering in graphene and acoustoelectric current induction in it. For large magnitudes of Vbias strict linear dependence of the IAEC on Vbias is observed. Large Vbias effectively suppress the appearance of the fluctuation potential of electrons and holes. The ability to control the magnitude and direction of IAEC induced in graphene by SAW is of practical importance.Item Open Access ACTIVATED CARBON/PECTIN COMPOSITE ENTEROSORBENT FOR HUMAN PROTECTION FROM INTOXICATION WITH XENOBIOTICS PB(II) AND SODIUM DICLOFENAC(Molecules, 2022) Jandosov, Jakpar; Alavijeh, Mo; Sultakhan, Shynggyskhan; Baimenov, Alzhan; Bernardo, Maria; Sakipova, Zuriyadda; Azat, Seytkhan; Lyubchyk, Svitlana; Zhylybayeva, Nurzhamal; Naurzbayeva, Gulmira; Mansurov, Zulkhair; Mikhalovsky, Sergey; Berillo, DmitriyThe use of enterosorbents—materials which can be administered orally and eliminate toxic substances from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) by sorption—offers an attractive complementary protection of humans against acute and chronic poisoning. In this study, we report the results of developing a microgranulated binary biomedical preparation for oral use. It was designed with a core-shell structure based on pectin with low degree of esterification as the core, and nanoporous activated carbon produced from rice husk, AC-RH, as the shell, designated as AC-RH@pectin. The adsorption properties of the synthesized materials were studied in aqueous solutions for the removal of lead (II) nitrate as a representative of toxic polyvalent metals and sodium diclofenac as an example of a medicinal drug. The composite enterosorbent demonstrated high adsorption capacity for both adsorbates studied. Adsorption kinetics of lead and diclofenac adsorption by AC-RH, pectin, and AC-RH@pectin, fitted well a pseudo-second-order model. According to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, the best fitted isotherm model, the maximum adsorption capacity, qmax, of AC RH@pectin for diclofenac and for lead (II) was 130.9 mg/g and 227.8 mg/g, respectively. Although qmax of AC-RH for diclofenac, 537.6 mg/g, and qmax of pectin for lead (II), 245.7 mg/g, were higher, the maximum adsorption capacity of AC-RH for lead (II), 52.7 mg/g, was much lower than that of the composite AC-RH@pectin and the adsorption capacity of pectin for diclofenac was negligible. Therefore, the composite material AC-RH@pectin demonstrated substantial efficiency of removing both species which potentially defines it as a more universal enterosorbent suitable for treating poisoning caused by substances of different chemical nature.Item Metadata only Adipose-derived perivascular stem cells promote sensorimotor recovery after ischemic stroke in rats(Journal of Biotechnology, 2017-08-30) Ogay, Vyacheslav; Kumasheva, Venera; Baidosova, Sholpan; Li, Yelena; Shpekov, Azat; Makhambetov, Yerbol; Kaliyev, Assylbek; Zhetpisbayev, Berik; Olzhayev, Farkhad; Ramankulov, Yerlan; Vyacheslav, OgayIn this study, we test a novel hypothesis that treatment of stroke with adipose-derived perivascular stem cells (PSCs) promote sensorimotor recovery after stroke in rats. Rat PSCs were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue by a FACS Aria cell sorter using antibodies against CD146, CD31, CD34 and CD45. Isolated and propagated PSCs exhibited fibroblast-like morphology and significantly expressed both mesenchymal stem cells and pericyte markers such as CD73, CD90, CD105, CD146, NG2 and PDGFR-β. Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) followed by femoral vein injection of PSCs (3 × 106 cells) 24 h later. The rats were sacrificed at 28 days after stroke and immunohistochemistry were performed to identify angiogenesis. It was observed that intravenous injection of PSCs significantly promoted sensomotoric recovery in stroke rats compared with PBS-treated controls. Number of blood capillaries was significantly increased along the ischemic boundary zone of the cortex and striatum in MCAo rats treated with PSCs.Item Open Access ANCIENT COMPONENTS AND RECENT EXPANSION IN THE EURASIAN HEARTLAND: INSIGHTS INTO THE REVISED PHYLOGENY OF Y-CHROMOSOMES FROM CENTRAL ASIA(Genes, 2022) Zhabagin, Maxat; Wei, Lan-Hai; Sabitov, Zhaxylyk; Ma, Peng-Cheng; Sun, Jin; Dyussenova, Zhanargul; Balanovska, Elena; Li, Hui; Ramankulov, YerlanIn the past two decades, studies of Y chromosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (YSNPs) and short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) have shed light on the demographic history of Central Asia, the heartland of Eurasia. However, complex patterns of migration and admixture have complicated population genetic studies in Central Asia. Here, we sequenced and analyzed the Y-chromosomes of 187 male individuals from Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uzbek, Karakalpak, Hazara, Karluk, Tajik, Uyghur, Dungan, and Turkmen populations. High diversity and admixture from peripheral areas of Eurasia were observed among the paternal gene pool of these populations. This general pattern can be largely attributed to the activities of ancient people in four periods, including the Neolithic farmers, Indo-Europeans, Turks, and Mongols. Most importantly, we detected the consistent expansion of many minor lineages over the past thousand years, which may correspond directly to the formation of modern populations in these regions. The newly discovered sub-lineages and variants provide a basis for further studies of the contributions of minor lineages to the formation of modern populations in Central Asia.Item Open Access Anticancer Effects and uses of Melatonin A Review(Austin Journal of Cancer and Clinical Research, 2015-08) Mektepbayeva, Damel; Alibek, Kenneth; Atinbayeva, N.; Irving, S; Zhaisanbayeva, B; Mussurova, S; Mussakhan, SMelatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, MLT) is a naturally occurring hormone secreted by the pineal gland. Clinical evidence suggests that MLT may have a possible role in the treatment of cancer, where MLT presents many oncostatic properties in a wide variety of tumors, utilizing multiple and converging mechanisms. It is a potent anti-oxidative agent; its circadian rhythm-regulating properties are crucial for orchestrating patterns of hormone secretion, the imbalance of which is implicated in a wide range of hormonedependent cancers of the reproductive organs. Recent advances in cancer treatment can offer therapeutic alternatives that could reduce the severity of unwanted side effects. Several observational studies have demonstrated a relationship between long-term disruption of circadian rhythm with decreased MLT secretion and increased cancer risk, whilst clinical evidence supports the possible benefits from MLT on the survival in patients with a range of cancers. This review will address some of the multiple anticancer properties of MLT, with a particular focus on the mechanisms counteracting tumor occurrence, growth, and development. Recent research into the oncostatic effects of MLT and the mechanisms of action explaining its efficiency for tumor regulation are summarized in this review and suggestions for the therapeutic use of MLT will be presented.Item Open Access ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF THE TRICLOSAN-LOADED POLYMERIC COMPOSITE BASED ON UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESIN: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ACTIVITY(Polymers, 2022) Tauanov, Zhandos; Zakiruly, Olzhas; Baimenova, Zhuldyz; Baimenov, Alzhan; Akimbekov, Nuraly S.; Berillo, DmitriyThe manufacturing of sanitary and household furniture on a large scale with inherently antimicrobial properties is an essential field of research. This work focuses on the synthesis of polymer composites based on the unsaturated polyester of resin loaded with 5 wt.%-Triclosan produced by a co-mixing approach on automated technological complex with a potential for broad applications. According to findings, the polymer composite has a non-porous structure (surface area < 1.97 m2/g) suitable for sanitary applications to reduce the growth of bacteria. The chemical composition confirmed the presence of major elements, and the inclusion of Triclosan was quantitatively confirmed by the appearance of chlorine on XRF (1.67 wt.%) and EDS (1.62 wt.%) analysis. Thermal analysis showed the difference of 5 wt.% in weight loss, which confirms the loading of Triclosan into the polymer matrix. The polymer composite completely inhibited the strains of S. aureus 6538-P, S. aureus 39, S. epidermidis 12228, and Kl. Pneumoniae 10031 after 5-min contact time. The antimicrobial effects against Kl. pneumoniae 700603, Ps. aeruginosa 9027 and Ps. aeruginosa TA2 strains were 92.7%, 85.8% and 18.4%, respectively. The inhibition activity against C. albicans 10231 and C. albicans 2091 was 1.6% and 82.4%, respectively; while the clinical strain of C. albicans was inhibited by 92.2%. The polymer composite loaded with 5 wt.%-Triclosan displayed a stability over the period that illustrates the possibility of washing the composite surface.Item Open Access ANTIPROLIFERATIVE AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF GERANIACEAE PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST FIVE TUMOR CELL LINES(Future science, 2021) Sergazy, Shynggys; Vetrova, Anastassiya; Orhan, Ilkay Erdogan; Deniz, Fatma Sezer Senol; Kahraman, Ahmet; Zhang, Jian-Ye; Aljofan, MohamadSeveral plant species of the genera Geranium and Erodium were extracted and screened against five tumor cell lines for their potential antitumor activities. Out of the tested species, four showed potential antitumor action against all the tumor cells used. Interestingly, they appeared to achieve their antitumor activities by inducing important cellular defense mechanisms called autophagy and apoptosis. The current work is the first to test the antiproliferative potential of these species against different tumor cells.Item Open Access ANTIRADICAL AND CYTOPROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF ALLIUM NUTANS L. HONEY AGAINST CCL4-INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN RATS(Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2021-09-20) Sergazy, Shynggys; Gulyayev, Alexander; Amangeldiyeva, Aidana; Nurgozhina, Ayaulym; Nurgaziyev, Madiyar; Shulgau, Zarina; Chulenbayeva, Laura; Khassenbekova, Zhanagul; Kushugulova, Almagul; Aljofan, MohamadThe aim of this study is determine the in vitro and in vivo antiradical properties and the cytoprotective activity of Allium nutans L. honey extract. The antiradical properties of the extracts were investigated in rabbit alveolar macrophages and human foreskin fibroblast (hFFs) cells in the presence of doxorubicin, a cytotoxic substance using DPPH and ABTS assays. The cytoprotective activities were determined using 18 Wistar rats divided into three different groups, a negative control, and two other groups with experimentally induced hepatotoxicity by a single intraperitoneal injection of 50% carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) oil solution. A positive control group, received drinking water only and an experimental group that was treated with Allium nutans L. honey extracts for 7 days. In vitro treatment with Allium nutans L. honey extracts resulted in 78% reduction in radical activity in DPPH and 91.6% inhibition using the ABTS. Also, honey extracts were able to preserve 100% of cell viability in the presence of the cytotoxic, doxorubicin. Furthermore, the treatment with honey extracts resulted in a significant reduction in damage to the structure of liver tissue, as well significant reduction in the levels of ALT and AST in the experimental group compared to the control group.Item Open Access An Assessment of Universal Dependency Annotation Guidelines for Turkic Languages(Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 2017-10-21) Tyers, Francis; Washington, Jonathan; Çöltekin, Çağrı; Makazhanov, Aibek; Suleymanov, Dzhavdet; Gatiatullin, AyratAnnotated corpora of three Turkic languages – Turkish, Kazakh, and Uyghur – were released as part of version 2 of the Free/Open-Source Universal Dependencies (UD) syntactic and morphological annotation guidelines. The objective of these guidelines is to provide consistent dependency annotation to facilitate cross-linguistic comparison. This paper presents the current state of each of the three UD-annotated Turkic corpora, along with an evaluation of the performance of parsers trained on these corpora. Overall, the UD annotation guidelines for Turkish, Kazakh, and Uyghur are fairly compatible – a testament to the careful design of the guidelines. However, the specific annotation guidelines for each of these languages were developed mostly independently; because of this, differences between the three standards exist. Moving forward with Turkic annotation standards in UD, attempts will be made to reconcile the differences. These differences are overviewed in this paper. Furthermore, a number of issues in annotation have arisen and have yet to be resolved. Some of these issues require further investigation of the phenomena, and some require consultation within the UD community to determine whether solutions may be determined based on similar phenomena in other languages. A number of these open issues are discussed, including tokenisation (how to deal with words that include an orthographic space, or multiple words Annotated corpora of three Turkic languages – Turkish, Kazakh, and Uyghur – were released as part of version 2 of the Free/Open-Source Universal Dependencies (UD) syntactic and morphological annotation guidelines. The objective of these guidelines is to provide consistent dependency annotation to facilitate cross-linguistic comparison. This paper presents the current state of each of the three UD-annotated Turkic corpora, along with an evaluation of the performance of parsers trained on these corpora. Overall, the UD annotation guidelines for Turkish, Kazakh, and Uyghur are fairly compatible – a testament to the careful design of the guidelines. However, the specific annotation guidelines for each of these languages were developed mostly independently; because of this, differences between the three standards exist. Moving forward with Turkic annotation standards in UD, attempts will be made to reconcile the differences. These differences are overviewed in this paper. Furthermore, a number of issues in annotation have arisen and have yet to be resolved. Some of these issues require further investigation of the phenomena, and some require consultation within the UD community to determine whether solutions may be determined based on similar phenomena in other languages. A number of these open issues are discussed, including tokenisation (how to deal with words that include an orthographic space, or multiple words that do not include an orthographic space), the difference between core and oblique arguments of verbs, complex predicates (including structures where there is a combination of a non-finite form which governs argument structure and contributes to TAM and a finite-form which contributes to TAM and takes person agreement), multiple derivation (multiple causative or causative–passive combinations), and use of copulas instead of auxiliaries in what appear to be auxiliary constructions.Item Open Access ASSOCIATION OF GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS WITH COMPLICATIONS OF IMPLANTED LVAD DEVICES IN PATIENTS WITH CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE: A KAZAKHSTANI STUDY(Journal of Personalized Medicine, 2022-05-04) Zhalbinova, Madina R.; Rakhimova, Saule E.; Kozhamkulov, Ulan A.; Akilzhanova, Gulbanu A.; Kaussova, Galina K.; Akilzhanov, Kenes R.; Pya, Yuriy V.; Lee, Joseph H.; Bekbossynova, Makhabbat S.; Akilzhanova, Ainur R.The left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is one of the alternative treatments for heart failure (HF) patients. However, LVAD support is followed by thrombosis, and bleeding complications which are caused by high non-physiologic shear stress and antithrombotic/anticoagulant therapy. A high risk of complications occurs in the presence of the genotype polymorphisms which are involved in the coagulation system, hemostasis function and in the metabolism of the therapy. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in HF patients with LVAD complications. We analyzed 21 SNPs in HF patients (n = 98) with/without complications, and healthy controls (n = 95). SNPs rs9934438; rs9923231 in VKORC1, rs5918 in ITGB3 and rs2070959 in UGT1A6 demonstrated significant association with HF patients’ complications (OR (95% CI): 3.96 (1.42–11.02), p = 0.0057), (OR (95% CI): 3.55 (1.28–9.86), p = 0.011), (OR (95% CI): 5.37 (1.79–16.16), p = 0.0056) and OR (95% CI): 4.40 (1.06–18.20), p = 0.044]. Genotype polymorphisms could help to predict complications at pre- and post-LVAD implantation period, which will reduce mortality rate. Our research showed that patients can receive treatment with warfarin and aspirin with a personalized dosage and LVAD complications can be predicted by reference to their genotype polymorphisms in VKORC1, ITGB3 and UGT1A6 genes.Item Metadata only Atomic layer deposition for TiO2 and TiN nanometer films(Materials Today: Proceedings, 2017-01-01) Ainabayev, Ardak; Bozheyev, Farabi; Zhuldassov, Abat; Lukasheva, Maria; Tynyshtykbaev, Kurbangali B.; Insepov, Z.; Zeke, InsepovAbstract In this work processes of atomic layer deposition (ALD) of TiO2 and TiN using ALD method and impact of thickness and composition of grown film on stoichiometry and morphology of deposited layer are investigated. It is shown, that with increasing ALD cycles the deposition of a thin metal layer on the back inactive side of the silicon substrate is observed and the roughness on the active surface of deposited metal layer is decreased.Item Open Access BIODICA: A COMPUTATIONAL ENVIRONMENT FOR INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF OMICS DATA(Bioinformatics, 2022) Captier, Nicolas; Merlevede, Jane; Molkenov, Askhat; Seisenova, Ainur; Zhubanchaliyev, Altynbek; Nazarov, Petr V; Barillot, Emmanuel; Kairov, Ulykbek; Zinovyev, AndreiWe developed BIODICA, an integrated computational environment for application of independent component analysis (ICA) to bulk and single-cell molecular profiles, interpretation of the results in terms of biological functions and correlation with metadata. The computational core is the novel Python package stabilized-ica which provides interface to several ICA algorithms, a stabilization procedure, meta-analysis and component interpretation tools. BIODICA is equipped with a user-friendly graphical user interface, allowing non-experienced users to perform the ICA-based omics data analysis. The results are provided in interactive ways, thus facilitating communication with biology experts.Item Open Access Bioinspired study of energy and electron transfer in photovoltaic system(Journal of Experimental Nanoscience, 2017) Moniruddin, Md; Ilyassov, Baurzhan; Seliverstova, Evgeniya; Shabdan, Yerkin; Bakranov, Nurlan; Ibrayev, Niyazbek; Nuraje, NurxatThis study focuses on understanding the fundamentals of energy transfer and electron transport in photovoltaic devices with uniquely designed nanostructures by analysing energy transfer in purple photosynthetic bacteria using dye-sensitised solar cell systems. F€orster resonance energy transfer between the xanthene dye (donor of energy) and a new polymethine dye (acceptor of energy) was studied in dye-sensitised solar cells, which leads to a doubling of energy conversion efficiency in comparison to the cell with only the polymethine dye. The electron transport in the two different nanostructures of zinc oxide (nanorods and nanosheets) was investigated by spectroscopic methods (UV-vis spectrometer, time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy) and electrochemical potentiostat methods. The nanosheet structure of zinc oxide showed high short circuit current and long diffusion length. This fundamental study will lead to efficient artificial photosystem designs.Item Open Access Biological effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields: Two sides of a coin(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2019-01) Saliev, Timur; Begimbetova, Dinara; Masoud, Abdul-Razak; Matkarimov, BakhytControversial, sensational and often contradictory scientific reports have triggered active debates over the biological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in literature and mass media the last few decades. This could lead to confusion and distraction, subsequently hampering the development of a univocal conclusion on the real hazards caused by EMFs on humans. For example, there are lots of publications indicating that EMF can induce apoptosis and DNA strand-breaks in cells. On the other hand, these effects could rather be beneficial, in that they could be effectively harnessed for treatment of various disorders, including cancer. This review discusses and analyzes the results of various in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies on the effects of non-ionizing EMFs on cells and organs, including the consequences of exposure to the low and high frequencies EM spectrum. Emphasis is laid on the analysis of recent data on the role of EMF in the induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage. Additionally, the impact of EMF on the reproductive system has been discussed, as well as the relationship between EM radiation and blood cancer. Apart from adverse effects, the therapeutic potential of EMFs for clinical use in different pathologies is also highlighted.Item Metadata only Biomarkers, interventions and healthy ageing(New Biotechnology, 2013-05-25) Kenessary, Almas; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay; Nurgozhin, Talgat; Kipling, David; Yeoman, Mark; Cox, Lynne; Ostler, Elizabeth; Faragher, Richard; Almas, KenessaryPopulation ageing is probably the single most important healthcare challenge the developed and developing world will face in the 21st century. This is because the later part of the human life course is marked by the emergence of a wide spectrum of pathological impairments which increase morbidity and reduce quality of life. The processes driving these increases in mortality and morbidity are often conceptualised as highly complex and multi-causal. Indeed, it has been suggested that there is no human ‘ageing process’, only distinct, disease-specific mechanisms of pathology.However, humans are not the only organisms within the biosphere to show ageing and the use of cross-species approaches has demonstrated that common ageing processes exist and allowed some of the common genetic pathways controlling them to be identified. Mutants in these pathways either delay or accelerate the development of late life diseases giving rise to extended healthy lives or progerias, respectively. These advances in fundamental understanding open opportunities for a more detailed investigation of the key causal mechanisms underlying ageing and the exploitation of that knowledge for improved interventions in later life.