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Item Open Access 2D nucleation of CdSe on FTO/glass(The 6th International Conference on Nanomaterials and Advanced Energy Storage Systems. Institute of Batteries LLP, Nazarbayev University, and PI “National Laboratory Astana”., 2018-08-08) Khussurova, Gulnur; Puzikova, Darya; Dergacheva, Margarita; Urazov, KazhmuhanCadmium selenide is an important photovoltaic material due to its high absorption coefficient and optimal band gap (1.7 eV) for efficient absorption and conversion of solar radiation. The influence of nanostructures on the behavior of CdSe anodes in photovoltaic cells leads to an interest in the study of its electrochemical deposition process and the peculiarities of nucleation and growth of semiconductor precipitation. However, the growth processes in the electrochemical deposition of cadmium selenide remain little investigated....Item Open Access 3D PRINTING OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE ELECTRODES FOR ALL-SOLID-STATE RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES(National Laboratory Astana, 2022-08) Nnwaogu, Emmanuel Chisom; Nurpeissova, Arailym; Kalimuldina, Gulnur; Bakenov, ZhumabayThree-Dimensional (3D) electrode architecture of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a new generation energy storage system with high energy and high-power capacity to satisfy high consumer demands, especially for its application in biomedical, electrical vehicles, and portable electronics.Item Open Access A design for large-area fast photo-detectors with transmission-line readout and waveform sampling(In Real Time Conference, 2009. RT'09. 16th IEEE-NPSS (pp. 49-61). IEEE., 2009) Adams, B.; Anderson, J. T.; Attenkofer, K.; Bogdan, M.; Byrum, K.; Drake, G.; Insepov, Z.We present a preliminary design and the results of simulation for a photo-detector module to be used in applications requiring the coverage of areas of many square meters with time resolutions less than 10 picoseconds and position resolutions of less than a millimeter for charged particles. The source of light is Cherenkov light in a radiator/window; the amplification is provided by panels of micro-pores functionalized to act as microchannel plates (MCPs). The good time and position resolution stems from the use of an array of parallel 50 Ω transmission lines (strips) as the collecting anodes. The anode strips feed multi-GS/sec sampling chips which digitize the pulse waveform at each end of the strip, allowing a measurement of the time from the average of the two ends, and a 2-dimensional position measurement from the difference of times on a strip, and, in the orthogonal direction, the strip number, or a centroid of the charges deposited on adjacent strips. The module design is constructed so that large areas can be `tiled' by an array of modules.Item Open Access A General Model of Vacuum Arcs in Linacs(Proceedings of NAPAC2016, Chicago, IL, USA, 2017-01) Norem, J.; Insepov, Z.We are developing a general model of breakdown and gradient limits that applies to accelerators, along with other high field applications such as power grids and laser ablation. We have considered connections with failure modes of integrated circuits, sheath properties of dense, non-Debye plasmas and applications of capillary wave theory to rf breakdown in linacs. In contrast to much of the rf breakdown effort that considers one physical mechanism or one experimental geometry, we find an enormous volume of relevant material in the literature that helps to constrain our model and suggest experimental tests.Item Open Access A novel approach for determining the optimal number of independent components for reproducible cancer transcriptomes data analysis(National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 2017-09-15) Kairov, U.; Cantini, L.; Greco, A.; Molkenov, A.; Czerwinska, U.; Barillot, E.; Zinovyev, A.Item Open Access A real-time multiplex PCR assay for the detection of Salmonella Enteritidis(National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 2017-09-15) Tarlykov, P.; Atavlieva, S.; Ramanculov, E.Item Open Access A targeted sequencing reveal overlapping pattern of genetic variants in patients with cardiomyopathy with cardiac arrhythmias in Kazakhstan(2016-05) Akilzhanova, A.; Guelly, Ch.; Abilova, Zh.; Rakhimova, S.; Akhmetova, A.; Kairov, U.; Nuralinov, O.; Rashbayeva, G.; Trajanoski, S.; Zhumadilov, Zh.; Bebosynova, M.Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a common symptom in cardiac disorders of different etiology. Abnormalities of ion channels are attributed to mutations in the genes encoding the channel protein and cause altered function of channels, which can predispose to arrhythmias. Due to the high incidence of cardiovascular disorders in Kazakhstan, we enrolled a study cohort of 95 patients of different clinical phenotypes of cardiomyopathies, including DCM, idiopathic VT but also patients with myocardial infarction as a consequence of coronary heart disease. The common denominator among the three main groups was the occurrence of severe episodes of VT in all patients. Using targeted resequencing, we investigated 96 cardiomyopathy associated candidate-genes in this cohort with the aim to detect rare and common variations in these genes associated with VT molecular basisItem Open Access Abstract Book of The 8th International Conference on Nanomaterials and Advanced Energy Storage Systems(The 8th International Conference on Nanomaterials and Advanced Energy Storage Systems; Nazarbayev University; National Laboratory Astana; Institute of Batteries, 2020-08)The INESS 2020 topics covered the following and related areas: advanced nanomaterials for energy application, advanced energy storage, conversion and saving systems, materials for electrochemical sensor and electroanalytical applications, catalysis and fuel cells, battery monitoring and management systems, battery safety and utilization, development of electric vehicles and stationary energy storage. The scientists and students from Japan, Korea, France, Germany, China, Russia, Canada, UAE, UK, Turkey and Kazakhstan reviewed and discussed the recent progress and problems in materials science, nanotechnologies, ecology, renewable energy, energy storage systems and modeling methods in these fields.Item Open Access Activation of cell ageing pathways with novel small molecules for cancer treatment(National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 2017-09-15) Masoud, A.; Brook, A.; Davis, T.; Umbayev, B.; Tsoy, A.; Askarova, Sh.; Kipling, D.; Alimbetov, D.Item Open Access Adiponectin plasma levels in patients with age-related dementia(2016-05) Kaiyrlykyzy, A.; Umbayev, B.; Masoud, A.; Shramko, A.; Idrissova, D.; Zhussupova, A.; Alzhanova, D.; Alimbetov, D.; Askarova, S.Adiponectin play a significant role in the regulation of type 2 diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and neurodegenerative disorders. Evidence suggests that adiponectin may be an independent risk factor for all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the level of adiponectin in plasma reflects its level in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Studies demonstrated that elevated adiponectin level in blood was associated with an increased risk of dementia and AD in women and indicates that the sex dimorphism with regard to adiponectin levels association with Alzheimer's disease was clearly observedItem Open Access Adipose-derived perivascular stem cell as a source for cell therapy(2016-05) Ogay, V.Perivascular stem cells (PSCs) have been isolated from several organs and tissues, including adipose tissue. They have unique features resembling both pericytes and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). PSCs as MSCs are capable to multilineage differentiation into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, as well as to produce angiogenic and neurotrophic factors, indicating their regenerative and neuroprotective properties. It was recently shown that PSCs play an important role in repairing of the nervous tissue during cerebral ischemia, as they can differentiate into neurons, endothelial and glial cells in the hippocampal subgranular zone. In this connection, recently PSCs have been considered as a potential alternative to MSCs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Here we review the recent literature and own data on PSCs, discuss their unique features, regenerative potential and possible applications in cell therapy and tissue engineering.Item Open Access ADSORPTION AND DISPLACEMENT OF METHANE IN GRAPHENE-BASED MICROSTRUCTURES: INSIGHT FROM MOLECULAR SIMULATIONS(National Laboratory Astana, 2022-08) Bekeshov, Dias; Ashimov, Sultan; Wang, Yanwei; Wang, LeiShale gas and coalbed methane are alternative energy sources that partly or even mainly consist of methane stored in an adsorbed state in pores of organic-rich rock and coal seams. This study employed a combination of Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the mechanisms of gas adsorption and displacement of methane in coal microstructures, which were modeled as slit pores with the slit walls modelled by graphene layers.Item Open Access Adsorption arsenite from aqueous solutions by Cu/CuO loaded composite track-etched membranes(The 8th International Conference on Nanomaterials and Advanced Energy Storage Systems; Nazarbayev University; National Laboratory Astana; Institute of Batteries, 2020-08) Mashentseva, Anastassiya; Khassen, Tomiris; Zhumazhanova, Ainash; Zheltov, Dmitriy; Russakova, Alyona; Rakisheva, Saniya; Altynbayeva, Liliya; Aimanova, NurgulimNanoscale structures of copper and its oxides are widely used in heterogeneous catalysis and demonstrate improved properties compared to bulk analogues [1]. Previously, we demonstrated the high potential of composite track-etched membranes with copper microtubules (MTs) as effective catalysts for pnitrophenol hydrogenation and the Mannich reaction [2]. In addition, efficient sorption of ions of heavy metals, such as As, Pb, Cd, Ni, etc. is a promising application of CuO NPs [3]. The composites with the internal pore diameter of 280 nm and the copper microtubules wall thickness of 75 nm were obtained by chemical template synthesis in nano-channels of track-etched PET membranes. Upon the analysis of the data on the phase composition and degree of crystallinity of microtubules before and after annealing, it was found that the complete conversion of copper to copper(II) oxide is possible only at temperatures of 140 °C and higher, and 100% tenorite phase is formed after 10 hours of annealing at 140°C. The composites annealed at 140 °C were also tested in terms of their arsenic (III) ions sorption capacities in the flow mode. For the unannealed sample, the effect of flow-rate on sorption activity was studied and the optimal value of 10 mL/min was established. It was shown that the sorption capacity of composite membranes increases by 48.7% compared to the initial sample at 10 h of annealing and then decreases by 24% with an increase in the annealing time (24 h). Successfully combining mechanical strength, the possibility of repeated use, low cost and ease of production, such Cu/CuO/PET membrane composites can be considered as promising materials for sorption of arsenic ions from aqueous solutions.Item Open Access ADSORPTION OF POLYETHENE GLYCOL AND PROPYLENE GLYCOL ONTO THE MODIFIED GLASS MICROSPHERES(National Laboratory Astana, 2022-08) Amerkhanova Shamshiya;Since polyethene glycol (PEG) and other derivatives of ethylene oxides are contained in the composition of medicinal and detergents, their large volumes enter water bodies. However, the issue of removing PEG and other polyatomic alcohols from the environment has not been solved yet. This research presents the adsorption of polyethene glycol (PEG) and propylene glycol (PG) on the surface of glass microspheres of the SVJ, SPJ and SMJ brands.Item Open Access Advanced Functional Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Water Splitting(The 8th International Conference on Nanomaterials and Advanced Energy Storage Systems; Nazarbayev University; National Laboratory Astana; Institute of Batteries, 2020-08) Nuraje, NurxatThrough mimicking Nature, unique assembled nanostructures can be designed and fabricated to improve certain properties of materials and device performance for targeted applications. In this presentation, we discuss the synthesis, and characterization of novel bio-inspired and biomimetic functional nanomaterials, and their properties. At the same time, we discuss how to apply them to investigate fundamental science in photocatalytic water splitting via creating their hierarchical nanostructured materials. In brief, this talk will focus on the following topics: (a) synthesis of bio-inspired functional nanomaterials; (b) fabrication of unique nanoarchitectures to better understand fundamental science; and (c) Applying these unique nanomaterials and nanostructures to resolve the scientific problems in Photocatalytic Water Splitting.Item Open Access Advanced Surface Polishing For Accelerator Technology Using Ion Beams(American Institute of Physics, 2009-03) Insepov, Z.; Norem, J.; Hassanein, A.; Wu, A. T.Surface erosion problems are common in the development of TeV accelerators, fusion and fission reactors, semiconductor, optical and magnetic storage devices, and Extreme Ultra-Violet (EUV) lithography devices. We have reviewed various erosion mechanisms of ion interactions with the surfaces studied by experiment and computer simulation. Nanoscale surface roughness in rf-linacs and contamination cause field emission of electrons, field evaporation of ions and fragments, plasma formation, and lead to high-gradient rf vacuum breakdown of electrodes which is a limiting factor in the development of high-gradient rf technology for future TeV accelerators. A few mechanisms of nanoscale surface fracture under a high-gradient electric field were developed and will be discussed. A Gas Cluster Ion Beam (GCIB) technology was successfully applied to surface treatment of Cu, Stainless steel, Ti and Nb samples and to Nb rf-cavities by using accelerated cluster ion beams of Ar, O2, N2, and NF3, and combinations of them, with accelerating voltages up to 35 kV. DC field emission (dark current) measurements and electron microscopy were used to investigate metal surfaces treated by GCIB. The experimental results showed that GCIB technique can significantly reduce the number of field emitters and also change the structure of the Nb oxide layer on the surface. The RF tests on the GCIB treated Nb rf-cavities showed improvement of the quality factor Q at 4.5 K. The superconducting gap was also enhanced by using the oxygen GCIB irradiation exposure. GCIB may become a standard technique to modify and control the oxygen content on the surface and a promising surface treatment technique for Nb SRF cavities in particle accelerators. Computer simulation of bombardment of Nb surfaces with Ar and O2 clusters by molecular dynamics and phenomenological surface dynamics equations confirms experimental results.Item Open Access Ag:TiO2 plasmonic nanocomposite films obtained by RF magnetron co-sputtering(The 8th International Conference on Nanomaterials and Advanced Energy Storage Systems; Nazarbayev University; National Laboratory Astana; Institute of Batteries, 2020-08) Mukhametkarimov, Yerzhan; Mikhailova, Svetlana; Prikhodko, Oleg; Dauitkhan, Kuanysh; Puzikova, Darya; Doseke, UlantaiIt is known that TiO2 is a wide-gap semiconductor, which due to its low cost and photocatalytic properties has found great application in purification of water and organic pollution, as well as solar energy [1]. To expand an application area, various methods of functionalization and alloying of TiO2 with various metallic and nonmetallic impurities and particles are used. One of these ways is usage of plasmon nanoparticles, like Au and Ag, to increase the absorption region in the visible range [2]. In this work, plasmon nanocomposite films of Ag:TiO2 were obtained by RF magnetron co-sputtering [3]. It was revealed that the films consist of an amorphous TiO2 matrix and isolated silver nanoparticles with 3-5 nm diameter. The optical absorption spectra of Ag:TiO2 nanocomposite films are characterized by local maxima at 465-480 nm corresponding to light scattering plasmon resonance (LSPR). Photoelectrochemical studies of Ag:TiO2 nanocomposite films in 0.1 M Na2SO4 under illumination with 465 nm light showed that silver nanoparticles presence in the matrix increases the photoconductivity. The quantum yield for Ag:TiO2 composite films increases significantly, while for a pure TiO2 film this value does not exceed 0.5%. In addition, work was carried out related to the degradation of the methylene blue dye (MB dye) under the direct action of solar radiation, from which it follows that the presence of silver nanoparticles in the TiO2 matrix increases the rate of decoloration of the aqueous solution with MB dye. Thus, the obtained TiO2:Ag nanocomposite films are a promising material for use in nonlinear optics, electronics, electrooptics, photocatalytic and antireflection coatings and photoconverters, as well as in biomedicine as antibacterial coatings.Item Open Access All-Purpose Electrode Design of Flexible Conductive Scaffold toward High-Permanence Li-S Batteries(The 8th International Conference on Nanomaterials and Advanced Energy Storage Systems; Nazarbayev University; National Laboratory Astana; Institute of Batteries, 2020-08) Zhang, Yongguang; He, Yusen; Zhao, Yan; Bakenov, ZhumabayThe main obstacles that hinder the development of efficient lithium sulfur (Li-S) battery are the polysulfide shuttling effect in sulfur cathode and the uncontrollable growth of dendritic Li in the anode. Herein, we report an all-purpose flexible electrode that can be served both in sulfur cathode and Li metal anode, and meanwhile the application in wearable and portable storage electronic devices is discussed. The flexible electrode consists of a bimetallic CoNi nanoparticles embedded porous conductive scaffold with multiple Co/Ni-N active sites (CoNi@PNCFs). Both experimental and theoretical analysis show that, when used as the cathode, the CoNi and Co/Ni-N active sites implanted on the porous CoNi@PNCFs significantly promot the chemical immobilization towards soluble lithium polysulfides and its rapid conversion into insoluble Li2S, and therefore effectively mitigates polysulfide shuttling effect. Meanwhile, the 3D matrix constructed with porous carbonous skeleton and multiple active centers successfully induce homogenous Li growth, realizing a dendrite-free Li metal anode. The Li-S battery, assembled with S/CoNi@PNCFs cathode and Li/CoNi@PNCFs anode, achieve a high reversible specific capacity of 785 mAh g-1 and long cycle performance at 5 C (capacity fading rate of 0.016 % over 1500 cycles).Item Open Access Alterations of oncogenes expression in human NK cells in cancer patients(2016-05) Amirbekov, A.; Eraliyeva, L.; Zakiryanova, G.C-kit/SCF signaling play a key role in regulating NK cell homeostasis, maturation, proliferation and cytotoxicity. C-kit-deficiency in NK results in significant reduction of their, suggesting imperative role fore-kit signaling in NKcell immunobiology. We have recently showed that human NK cells express not only c-kit-receptor, but also both membrane-bound and soluble forms of c-kit ligand - Stem cell factor. The goal of this study was to characterize the c-kit/SCF autocrine loop in peripheral blood NK cells obtained from patients with cancer.Item Open Access Amorphous silicon dioxide as an anode material for li-ion batteries(The 8th International Conference on Nanomaterials and Advanced Energy Storage Systems; Nazarbayev University; National Laboratory Astana; Institute of Batteries, 2020-08) Askaruly, Kydyr; Azat, Seitkhan; Ulan, Zhantikeyev; Yeleuov, MukhtarIn recent decades, progress in Li-ion batteries (LIBs) has grown dramatically. In 2016, about 6.4 billion cells were sold of LIBs and this is equivalent to 90 GWh [1]. even the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2019 was awarded to John Goodenough (USA), Stanley Whittingham (Great Britain) and Akira Yoshino (Japan) for the development of lithium-ion batteries. But work on improving the Li-ion batteries is still ongoing. SiO2 is one of the most widely used materials on earth. SiO2 is one of the most widely used materials on earth and is uses in the fields of medicine, cosmetics, agroindustry, electronics [2,3], and has also begun research on the use of SiO2 as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries [4]. It has a high theoretical capacity (1965 mAh•g-1) [5]. SiO2 obtained by us is amorphous and the source is rice husk (RH) from Kazakhstan (Kyzylorda region). Material synthesis is divided into two stages. Stage 1 includes washing pre-treatment by HCl and calcination at 600°C (SiO2-1). Stage 2 includes purification by dissolving in NaOH and extraction pure (SiO2-2) by adding HCl and washing by distilled water. The use of 1 stage material as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries has shown good stability. Microstructure of SiO2-1 and SiO2-2 differs from each other. SiO2-2 at the beginning showed good stability, but from the 10th cycle, it began to lose capacity.