IMPLEMENTATION OF SEPARATE HOUSEHOLD WASTE COLLECTION IN ASTANA

Abstract

The growing waste management challenges in Astana, Kazakhstan, particularly with municipal solid waste, highlight the importance and necessity of separate waste collection at the household level. With separate waste collection, the targeted 40% rate of recycling could be achieved. This research investigates the current obstacles to the implementation of separate waste collection in Astana and what can be done to improve the situation. Through mixed-methods research, including surveys among the population of Astana city and interviews with the Ministry of Ecology and natural resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan, employees at waste collection companies, and representatives of the local population, the study identifies issues related to the lack of infrastructure, inefficiency in the whole waste management process, insufficient awareness of the population about proper waste management, cultural resistance to change, and absence of appropriate legislation. Key suggestions include increasing private sector involvement, focusing on enhancing public education and strengthening policy enforcement to foster consistent, sustainable waste management practices. The findings contribute to understanding effective frameworks for separate waste collection and offer a foundation for advancing waste recycling efforts across Kazakhstan. However, introducing a system of financial remuneration or level of fines for non-compliance should be further researched. Overall, the proposed recommendations will be useful for everyone interested in improving waste management in Astana, and the local governing bodies across Kazakhstan.