Sequential Delivery of Cryogel Released Growth Factors and Cytokines Accelerates Wound Healing and Improves Tissue Regeneration

Abstract

Growth factors and cytokines play crucial roles in tissue repair. This study investigated the effect of sequential, spatially and temporally controlled delivery of inflammation-modulatory (IL‑10, TGF‑β) and wound‑healing (VEGF, FGF) factors using a novel chitosan-based cryogel in a murine internal splint wound model. Cryogels with IL‑10 and TGF‑β were applied on day 0 and those with VEGF and FGF on day 3. This strategy significantly reduced wound area (to around 10 % by day 10 vs. 60–65 % in control), enhanced granulation tissue formation, neovascularization, and regenerative epithelialization, demonstrating accelerated healing and improved tissue regeneration.,