EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF NATIONAL PROJECTS IN PROMOTING REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF "STRONG REGIONS - DRIVER OF THE COUNTRY'S DEVELOPMENT"

Abstract

This paper investigates the execution mechanisms of national projects focusing on the abrogated “Strong Regions – Driver of the Country’s Development” in Kazakhstan. Through a qualitative approach encompassing semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and secondary data, it examines how centralized governance structures, uniform Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), and limited local autonomy shape the outcomes of regional development initiatives. The findings highlight how universal KPIs, designed primarily for short-term, quantifiable objectives, often overlook differing regional needs, hence complicating efforts to ensure equal access to essential infrastructure and social services. Moreover, local authorities restricted autonomy and constrained communication channels obstruct effective collaboration with the central government, resulting in budget allocations that may not reflect actual conditions on the ground. Therefore, the study argues that addressing regional disparities requires targeted, region-specific strategies, robust institutional frameworks, and enhanced data-sharing tools. It also provides insights from comparable large-scale economies that underscore the importance of well-coordinated infrastructure planning and empowered local governance. As Kazakhstan proceeds with further reforms – such as gradual fiscal decentralization and direct local akim elections – adopting a multi-stakeholder, data-driven, and context-sensitive approach could significantly improve the long-term impact of national development initiatives.