Аннотации:
Introduction: Decisions on whether to screen for chronic kidney disease (CKD) or not remain contentious
in nephrology. This study provides a global overview of early CKD identification efforts.
Methods: Guidelines for scoping reviews were followed and studies were identified by searching MEDLINE,
EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, ISI Web of Science, and PsycINFO. Data extracted from
included studies focused on the following 4 themes: study population, measurement methods, interventions
used, and available policies.
Results: We identified 290 CKD screening and detection programs from 83 countries. Overall sample size was
3.72 million (North East Asia: 1.19 million), detection of CKD was the aim in 97.6%, 63.1% used populationbased
screening methods, and only 12.4% were in rural populations. Reported CKD prevalence (stages 3–
5) was higher in targeted- (14.8%) than population-based studies (8.0%). Number of persons needed to screen
(NNS) to identify 1 case was also lower in targeted studies (7 vs. 13). Single measurements (80%) and the
combination of estimation of glomerular filtration rate with a urine test (albuminuria/proteinuria) (71.4%) were
frequently used to detect CKD. Only 2.8% of studies included an intervention such as pharmacotherapy in
identified cases. Policies on early identification were available in 30.1% of countries included.
Conclusion: Methods for early CKD identification vary worldwide, often leading to wide variations in the
reported prevalence. Efforts to standardize measurement methods for early detection focusing on highrisk
populations and ensuring appropriate interventions are available to those identified with CKD will
improve the value of programs and improve patient outcomes.