Abstract:
Creation of new structural materials with new unique properties of metal remains one of the urgent tasks of
modern materials science. In practice, it is possible to improve the properties of existing structural materials
by grinding their structure to an ultra-fine-grained state. At the moment, one of the promising ways to obtain
an ultra-fine-grained structure is the severe plastic deformation method (SPD). Most of the currently existing
methods of implementation of the SPD have not been used in the real industrial sector due to the existing in
this method of deformation of the disadvantage, which is the discreteness, i.e. the inability to process products
of relatively long length and the need for a large number of processing cycles. And this determines the
economic inexpediency of the introduction of this method in production. To solve the problem of introduction
of the technology of production of ultra-fine-grained materials by SPD methods, we have developed a number
of combined technologies of deformation, allowing to obtain rods of rectangular and circular cross-section of
ferrous and non-ferrous metals with ultra-fine-grained structure. These processes include the following
combined methods: "rolling-ECAP", “ECAP-drawing” "screw rolling-ECAP". As a result of numerous laboratory
studies, to study the effect of the proposed methods of deformation on the microstructure evolution of various
structural materials and change their properties, it was proved that the combined processes "rolling-ECAP"
and "screw rolling – ECAP" have undeniable advantages over conventional equal-channel angular pressing,
both in terms of more intensive grinding of grain and higher mechanical characteristics of the deformable metal
in one cycle of deformation, and in terms of the possibility of obtaining long blanks.