09.EALC - 2021
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Item Open Access COVID-19 IMPACT ON INFORMATION ORGANIZATION: DELIVERING INFORMATION AND LIBRARY SERVICES DURING A PANDEMIC [ARTICLE](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Moyo, LesleyThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound and far-reaching impact on how we live and work all over the world. The year 2020 and the first part of 2021 were characterized with fear, uncertainty, and rapid change as society took shelter from the menacing pandemic. Yet, during the same time, we witnessed unprecedented transformation as various businesses and enterprises reinvented themselves to combat not only the deadly effects of the pandemic, but also the disruption it was causing in all sectors of life. Within higher education, libraries featured prominently among units rethinking their operations to effectively support the continuity of research, teaching, and learning in their respective institutions. As a result, creative ways of organizing, accessing, and delivering services and information despite the constraints of the pandemic emerged. We saw the birth of curbside services, the enhancement of electronic access to collections, the increase of digitization on demand, and the emphasis of virtual library services such as chat reference and online library classes...Item Open Access COVID-19: IMPACTS ON INFORMATION ORGANIZATION, TRANSMISSION AND USE [ARTICLE](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Abruzzi, RaymondThe ways in which scholarly research outputs have been organized and disseminated have undergone some complete changes in the last decade, notably through the expansion of open access and the increased availability of such information outside of existing publishing channels. The crises related to COVID-19 and the demand for critical data and research findings needed to inform medical responses and public health and public policy decisions have increased the speed with which information has traveled along more traditional paths. However, they also resulted in a substantial shift to new paradigms of information organization and sharing, as well as some improvement in international collaborations. This shift is not entirely new. Researchers tackling the challenges of earlier health crises (e.g., those engaged with mitigating the health impacts of the 1918 Influenza) have called for changes in the way information is organized and shared, as well as for greater collaboration among nations and institutions...Item Open Access RARE EPHEMERA FROM BOTH SIDES: A DIGITAL COLLECTIONS AND CURATION CASE STUDY OF RUSSIA (THE SOVIET UNION) AND ASIA [ARTICLE](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Spencer, George AndrewThis paper is a Digital Collections and Curation case study involving several very rare items that the University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Special Collections has recently acquired. These items are in the process of being converted into open access digital collections to enhance access for scholars worldwide. The unifying theme of these materials is rare ephemera representing various stages of Russian-Asian relations. This paper focuses on the process of acquiring these very rare items, the partnership between subject specialist bibliographers and special collections librarians in curating these collections, collaboration with faculty in determining the potential research value and use cases for the materials, the physical and digital processing of such rare and fragile materials, the research involved in determining the historical context of the items, metadata creation in multiple languages, digital infrastructure, and the preservation of the physical originals.Item Open Access MAKING THE INVISIBLE VISIBLE: DIGITAL COLLECTIONS AND CURATION AT THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE LIBRARIES [ARTICLE](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Ean, Lee ChengSpecial Collections at the National University of Singapore (NUS) Libraries were established in 2016 with the mission to digitally showcase the many rare and distinctive titles in the NUS Libraries that until now have remained hidden in its large store of materials. Our vision is to be the research hub for Southeast Asian resources. Therefore, we are particularly focusing on digitizing materials on Singapore and Southeast Asia, which include our Singapore-Malaysia Collection, Southeast Asian Chinese Collection, Rare Books Collection, and Private Papers Collection. Digital Gems (https://digitalgems.nus.edu.sg/) is the result of our ongoing effort to showcase our unique and rare materials via open access. By putting these resources online for easy access, we hope researchers will use them in new ways to develop new ideas and projects in their various fields of studyItem Open Access DOCUMENTATION OF ENDANGERED LANGUAGES AS CONTEMPORARY PRACTICE OF PRESERVING INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE IN EURASIA [ARTICLE](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Filchenko, Andrey Y.Based on contemporary estimates, between 50% and 80% of the world’s linguistic diversity will disappear during the 21st century. This means that out of estimated 6,500 languages currently spoken in the world, over 3,500 will seize to be used. While every language manifests a unique wealth of human knowledge accumulated over millennia, sadly multiple languages in Central and Northern Eurasia are at risk. Often, these languages and language varieties are little known outside their immediate communities and are less studied by the academic community, which exacerbates the problem even furtherItem Open Access OFFICIAL OR ORIGINAL: IMPLEMENTING RESOURCE DESCRIPTION AND ACCESS (RDA) IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES AFTER THE 3R PROJECT [ARTICLE](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Santos, Mark Anthony A.Since 2010, Resource Description and Access (RDA) has been used by many libraries around the world for the description of information resources. As of May 2021, two versions of RDA are available for use: the “original” and the “official” versions. With the release of the “official” version of RDA on December 15, 2020, libraries currently utilizing RDA will be expected to undergo the necessary preparations to transition to the “official” version of RDA. Implementation dates of the “official” version of RDA is up to the libraries and communities, as recommended by the RDA Steering Committee. While the “original” version of RDA will still be available during this transition period, eventually it will no longer be accessible interactively. This paper presents a brief overview of the status of implementation of RDA and recommendations for transition to the “official” version of RDAItem Open Access IMPLEMENTING BIBFRAME IN A PILOT PROJECT AT THE YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY[ARTICLE](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Thompson, Timothy; Mugaburu, DanielIn the context of academic libraries in the United States, efforts to move from the MARC 21 formats to standards based on linked open data are currently underway. From 2018 to 2020, librarians at the Yale University Library took part in a larger initiative called Linked Data for Production. They carried out a pilot project to implement the Library of Congress BIBFRAME standard for original resource description. BIBFRAME is an extensible standard that can accommodate specialized description via domain-specific vocabularies such as the Art and Rare Materials (ARM) ontology extensionItem Open Access RESOURCE DESCRIPTION AND ORGANIZATION: THE CASE OF AN ACADEMIC LIBRARY IN THE PHILIPPINES [ARTICLE](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Fresnido, Ana Maria B.; Gonda, Jojie A.; Barsaga, Agnes S.Organization of information resources is one of the basic business processes carried out by libraries and archives. Such allows users to effectively and efficiently navigate the system to generate relevant search results. Data production usually follows international standards (e.g., MARC (machine-readable cataloging), AACR (American Cataloguing Rules), or RDA (Resource Description and Access)), to make it easy to exchange records between systems. This study investigated the experiences of an academic library in the Philippines in organizing and describing information sources, particularly its journey towards transitioning from AACR2 to RDA. The development of its institutional repository is likewise discussed, recounting the initiatives, strategies, and challenges encountered along the way. The case study design was used, with data gathered from firsthand experiences, interviews, and document analysis. Recommendations are forwarded to help direct policies and encourage support and participation from stakeholdersItem Open Access INTEGRATING AND LEVERAGING METADATA IN A SHARED ENVIRONMENT: THE UNIVERSITY OF MACAU EXPERIENCE [ARTICLE](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Pun, PriscillaLibrary cataloging and metadata have been evolving since the mid-1990s, at the emergence and development of the World Wide Web and communication technologies. The purpose of the paper is to have a brief review of the development history of the cataloging and metadata practices of the University of Macau (UM) Library, in order to demonstrate the transitive changes from traditional cataloging to the promotion and preparation for structured data management, including the shift from static and single-source catalog to dynamic and multi-sources discovery platform. The value of the library’s bibliographic data is in sharing and reusing data locally, regionally and globally. Library cooperation and continuing education of the library staff are essential to this goal. A recent project entitled MALA Hub is introduced in the paper as well. It is a region-wide academic resource sharing project that initiated and launched its first phase in 2019, with the sponsorship of Macau SAR Government. The purpose of the project is to pool together, disclose, and share with each other all kinds of resources available for the nine library members of Macau Academic Library Alliance (MALA) in Macau, including physical pieces, consortium subscribed resources, individual library paid resources, open access resources, and in-house developed digital resources from the libraries and the community. In addition, derived from the MALA Hub by leveraging metadata integrated on the Hub, are several topic-specific resource portals suggested by the government and the community. The first topic-specific portal, Portuguese Portal (covering all available resources in Portuguese language), was launched at the end of 2019. More portals are planned to be launched in the near future, such as the Macau Study Portal, and the Specialized Collections Portal, among others.Item Open Access NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIC METADATA IN THE AGE OF MASS INFORMATION [ARTICLE](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Koskas, MathildeThis is a report on the Bibliography Section of IFLA: its scope, activities, and role in promoting national bibliographies and national bibliographic metadata in this era of mass online information. National bibliographies, as comprehensive, standardized, and authoritative sources of information about the intellectual and cultural output of a country, have an important role to play today. This paper outlines the tools that the Bibliography Section of IFLA makes available to agencies that wish to build or maintain strong national bibliographies that can contribute to access, selection, and assessment of informationItem Open Access THE SUPPORT OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION BY SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION RESOURCES: EXPERIENCES OF THE REPUBLICAN SCIENTIFIC AND PEDAGOGICAL LIBRARY OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN [ARTICLE](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Saidembayeva, AliyaThe paper highlights the experiences of the Republican Scientific and Pedagogical Library (RNPB) of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of organizing scientific information on pedagogy and education. In the country, RNPB is the only library that has been publishing a national bibliography on topical issues of education since 1989. A distinctive feature of RNPB bibliographic publications is their complex content: in one guide for school libraries there are working-outs on different subjects, topics, classes, and age interests of learners of different types of educational institutions (primary, basic secondary, and general secondary schools). RNPB compiles recommended literature indexes for both schoolchildren and teachers...Item Open Access WHY RDA? ORGANIZING BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY [ARTICLE](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Oliver, ChristineResource Description and Access (RDA) is an international metadata standard designed to enable the discovery of library and cultural heritage resources in both traditional and linked data environments. RDA presents a new way of thinking about bibliographic information. RDA takes the focus of creating metadata to fulfill a user’s needs during the resource discovery process. It also breaks down strings of bibliographic information into entities and elements so that this information can be reliably processed as data by computers. RDA is based on a theoretical framework aligned with the internationally accepted bibliographic conceptual model, IFLA LRM; it is designed as a standard for the digital environment; it is developed as a global standard appropriate for use in many contexts. The scope of RDA has been broadening in response to international interest in the standard. The content of the standard is designed to be flexible, to offer choices and accommodate diverse practices. It has been deliberately designed to support use by an international audience. Using the same international standard also increases data interoperability around the globe. The governance structure has also been revised to support increased international participation in RDA development. This paper gives an overview of key features of RDA and outlines its impact on the usability and visibility of library bibliographic data. While many still operate in traditional cataloguing environments, RDA prepares us for the future environments in which libraries will function. ..Item Open Access DOCUMENTATION OF ENDANGERED LANGUAGES AS CONTEMPORARY PRESERVING PRACTICE OF INTANGIBLE HERITAGE IN EURASIA [PRESENTATION](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Filchenko, AndreyBased on contemporary estimates, between 50% and 80% of the world’s linguistic diversity will disappear during the 21st century, meaning that out of estimated 6500 languages currently spoken in the world over 3500 will seize to use. While every language manifests a unique wealth of human knowledge accumulated over millennia, sadly, multiple languages in Central and Northern Eurasia are at risk. More often than not, these languages and language varieties are little known outside their immediate communities and less studied by the academic community, which exacerbates the problem even further. Contemporary methodologically and technologically advanced language documentation serves to establish the connection between the intangible and tangible. Modern electronic libraries and archives that result from such documentation projects, including those developed at NU SSH department of LLL, aim to address the problem of preserving the linguistic and cultural diversity of Eurasia. The information and data that these projects produce offer an important empirical contribution to a number of debates pertaining to the history, evolution, variation, and change in the languages and cultures of the region. The experience of these projects is also useful in providing evidence in the discussion of the role of digital technologies in minority language/culture maintenance and revival, as well as in developing best practices for mitigating language endangerment. While these projects naturally focused on collecting primary language and culture data in relevant communities, their important component has also been digital archiving of legacy materials associated with a range of technical, methodological, and ethical issues and their impacts on language/culture endangerment and vitality.Item Open Access RARE EPHEMERA FROM BOTH SIDES: A DIGITAL COLLECTIONS AND CURATION CASE STUDY OF RUSSIA (THE SOVIET UNION) AND ASIA [PRESENTATION](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Spencer, George AndrewThis presentation is a Digital Collections and Curation case study involving several very rare items that the University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Special Collections has recently acquired which are in the process of being converted into Open Access digital collections to enhance access for scholars worldwide. The unifying theme of these materials is rare ephemera representing various stages of Russian-Asian relations. This presentation focuses on the process of acquiring these very rare items, the partnership between subject specialist Bibliographers and Special Collections Librarians in curating these collections, collaboration with faculty in determining the potential research value and use cases for the materials, the physical and digital processing of such rare and fragile materials, the research involved in determining the historical context of the items, metadata creation in multiple languages, digital infrastructure, preservation of the physical originals, etc. One of these collections consists of over 60 original Russian propaganda news placards from the Russo-Japanese War era as well a set of propagandistic chromolithographs of battle scenes of the Russo-Japanese War. In addition, we have recently acquired an original Russian colored print in the lubok (лубок) style also from the Russo-Japanese War period. A second collection is a very rare complete run of an illustrated Ottoman Turkish magazine about the Russo-Japanese War. This magazine demonstrates the great interest among the Turkish people of the time in the Russo-Japanese War and its outcome. A third collection comprises a scrapbook of photographs documenting an anti-Soviet exhibition held in Japan circa 1940. As far as we have been able to determine, it is the sole remaining historical record of an exhibition called "赤色ロシヤを発く展覧会" (Akairo roshiya o abaku tenrankai = Debunking of Red Russia). This exhibition gives a unique insight into the state of Japanese-Soviet relations as reflected in Japanese popular culture in the period immediately before World War II. A fourth item acquired and made available Open Access by UW-Madison Libraries’ Digital Collections Center is a digital surrogate of an 18th century Kazakh dictionary lexicon for which the original unique manuscript is held by the Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books (Отдел рукописей и редких книг) of the Russian National Library in St. Petersburg, Russia. This dictionary lexicon was compiled during the period of gradual expansion of Russian influence in the northeastern Kazakh steppe in the late 18th Century.Item Open Access COVID-19: IMPACTS ON INFORMATION ORGANIZATION, TRANSMISSION, AND USE [PRESENTATION](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Abruzzi, RaymondThe ways in which scholarly research outputs have been organized and disseminated have undergone some complete changes in the last decade, notably through the expansion of Open Access and the increased availability of such information outside of existing publishing channels. The crises related to COVID-19 and the demand for critical data and research findings needed to inform medical responses and public health and public policy decisions has increased the speed with which information has traveled along more traditional paths, but has also resulted in a substantial shift to new paradigms of information organization and sharing, as well as some improvement in international collaborations. This shift is not entirely new-- researchers tackling the challenges of earlier health crises (e.g., those engaged with mitigating the health impacts of the 1918 Influenza) had called for changes in the way information is organized and shared, as well as for greater collaboration amongst nations and institutions. The research communities grappling with COVID-19 have echoed those historical calls, and what has resulted is a rise (or, in some cases, an expansion) in the use of new methods for disseminating information including pre-print servers, rapid correspondence within peer-reviews publications, leveraging social media as a tool for disseminating data, and an increased demand for rapid digitization so that critical historical research might be more widely-available for use and analysis. This short talk will highlight examples of these new paradigms and discuss some of the long-term impacts that COVID-19 is likely having on the ways in which information is organized, transmitted, and used.Item Open Access COVID-19 IMPACT ON INFORMATION ORGANIZATION: DELIVERING INFORMATION AND LIBRARY SERVICES DURING A PANDEMIC [PRESENTATION](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Moyo, LesleyThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound and far-reaching impact on how we live and work all over the world. The year 2020 and the first part of 2021 were characterized by fear, uncertainty, and rapid change as society took shelter from the menacing pandemic. Yet, during the same time, we witnessed unprecedented transformation as various businesses and enterprises reinvented themselves to combat not only the deadly effects of the pandemic but also the disruption it was causing in all sectors of life. Within higher education, libraries featured prominently among units rethinking their operations in order to effectively support the continuity of research, teaching, and learning in their respective institutions. As a result, creative ways of organizing, accessing, and delivering services and information in spite of the constraints of the pandemic emerged. We saw the birth of curbside services, the enhancement of electronic access to collections, the increase of digitization on demand, and the emphasis on virtual library services such as chat reference and online library classes. This paper is based on the UW-Madison Libraries' experience in planning and delivering services throughout the pandemic and making necessary adjustments as the pandemic circumstances changed. The paper discusses lessons learned and some key insights gained from the planning efforts as well as some of the pitfalls encountered. The paper emphasizes the importance of preparedness and encourages libraries to develop plans for continuity of operations as an integral component of organizing and delivering library services and information. The importance of a strong web presence is highlighted as fundamental to a library’s organization of information as it serves as a portal to library resources and would be the place all of the library patrons would depend on to search for information when the physical library is inaccessible due to an ongoing pandemic or other similar circumstances.Item Open Access METADATA DIRECTIONS [PRESENTATION](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Dempsey, LorcanMetadata assume growing importance as our environments become more digital and automated. Metadata is the intelligence in the system which allows us to work with resources without having advanced knowledge of their existence or characteristics. This presentation will briefly explore how our metadata apparatus is evolving to better support activity in this environment. It will talk about a move towards linked data and entification, about how we need to pluralize our vocabularies to better represent diverse experiences and memories, and about how the uses to which we put metadata are multiplying. We have used metadata to organize resources and for discovery. We now want to make data work harder in a variety of ways.Item Open Access MAKING THE INVISIBLE VISIBLE: DIGITAL COLLECTIONS AND CURATION AT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE LIBRARIES [PRESENTATION](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Lee, Cheng EanSpecial Collections at the National University of Singapore (NUS) Libraries was established in 2016 with the mission to digitally showcase the many rare and distinctive titles in the NUS Libraries that until now have remained hidden in its large store of materials. Our vision is to be the research hub for Southeast Asian resources. Therefore, we are particularly focusing on digitizing materials on Singapore and Southeast Asia, which include our Singapore-Malaysia Collection, Southeast Asian Chinese Collection, Rare Books Collection and Private Papers Collection. Digital Gems (https://digitalgems.nus.edu.sg/ ) is the result of our ongoing effort to showcase our unique and rare materials via open access. By putting these resources online for easy access, we hope researchers will use them in new ways to develop new ideas and projects in their various fields of study. This presentation will introduce our digitization program and selected collections in Digital Gems. It will highlight our accelerated efforts in digitizing historical sources on Southeast Asia as well as our latest collaborations with researchers and institutions in expanding our digital collections. Our active data-sharing effort to local and international repositories to expose our digital collections to researchers will also be covered in this presentation.Item Open Access OFFICIAL OR ORIGINAL: IMPLEMENTING RESOURCE DESCRIPTION AND ACCESS (RDA) IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES AFTER THE 3R PROJECT [PRESENTATION](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Santos, Mark AnthonySince 2010, Resource Description and Access (RDA) has been used by many libraries around the world for the description of information resources. As of May 2021, two versions of RDA are available for use: the “original” and the “official” versions. With the release of the “official” version of RDA on December 15, 2020, libraries currently utilizing RDA will be expected to undergo the necessary preparations to transition to the “official” version of RDA. Implementation dates of the “official” version of RDA is up to the libraries and communities, as recommended by the RDA Steering Committee. While the “original” version of RDA will still be available during this transition period, eventually it will no longer be accessible interactively. This paper presents a brief overview of the current status of implementation of RDA and recommendations for transition to the “official” version of RDA.Item Open Access IMPLEMENTING BIBFRAME IN A PILOT PROJECT AT THE YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY [PRESENTATION](Nazarbayev University Library, 2021-06) Thompson, TimothyIn the context of academic libraries in the United States, efforts to move from the MARC 21 formats to standards based on linked open data are currently underway. From 2018 to 2020, librarians at the Yale University Library took part in a larger initiative called Linked Data for Production, and they carried out a pilot project to implement the Library of Congress BIBFRAME standard for original resource description. BIBFRAME is an extensible standard that can accommodate specialized description via domain-specific vocabularies such as the Art and Rare Materials (ARM) extension ontology. At Yale, a team of 20 staff members was trained to use the Sinopia Linked Data Editor, a new cataloging tool being developed at Stanford University. A total of 200 items were cataloged before the project was cut short by the COVID-19 pandemic. During the relatively short period spent cataloging, it took nearly twice as long to catalog resources in Sinopia as it typically might in a traditional MARC cataloging environment. Academic libraries are still in the early stages of this transition, and additional investments in training and technology are needed in order for it to proceed successfully.