Аннотации:
Although sulfur has a high theoretical gravimetric capacity, 1672 mAh/g, its insulating
nature requires a large amount of conducting additives: this tends to result in a low massloading
of active material (sulfur), and thereby, a lower capacity than expected. Therefore,
an optimal choice of conducting agents and of the method for sulfur/conductingagent
integration is critically important. In this paper, we report that the areal capacity
of 4.9 mAh/cm2 was achieved at sulfur mass loading of 4.1 mg/cm2 by casting sulfur/
polyacrylonitrile/ketjenblack (S/PAN/KB) cathode composite into carbon fiber paper.
This is the highest value among published/reported ones even though it does not contain
expensive nanosized carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, or graphene
derivatives, and competitive enough with the conventional LiCoO2-based cathodes (e.g.,
LiCoO2, <20 mg/cm2 corresponding to <2.8 mAh/cm2). Furthermore, the combination
of sulfur/PAN-based composite and PAN-based carbon fiber paper enabled the sulfurbased
composite to be used even in carbonate-based electrolyte solution that many
lithium/sulfur battery researchers avoid the use of it because of severer irreversible active
material loss than in electrolyte solutions without carbonate-based solutions, and even at
the highest mass-loading ever reported (the more sulfur is loaded, the more decomposed
sulfides deposit at an anode surface).