SPUTNIK-V REACTOGENICITY AND IMMUNOGENICITY IN THE BLOOD AND MUCOSA: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
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Date
2022
Authors
Yegorov, Sergey
Kadyrova, Irina
Negmetzhanov, Baurzhan
Kolesnikova, Yevgeniya
Kolesnichenko, Svetlana
Korshukov, Ilya
Baiken, Yeldar
Matkarimov, Bakhyt
Miller, Matthew S.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Scientific Reports
Abstract
Sputnik-V (Gam-COVID-Vac) is a heterologous, recombinant adenoviral (rAdv) vector-based, COVID-
19 vaccine now used in > 70 countries. Yet there is a shortage of data on this vaccine’s performance in
diverse populations. Here, we performed a prospective cohort study to assess the reactogenicity and
immunologic outcomes of Sputnik-V vaccination in Kazakhstan. COVID-19-free participants (n = 82 at
baseline) were followed at day 21 after Sputnik-V dose 1 (rAd5) and dose 2 (rAd26). Self-reported local
and systemic adverse events were captured using questionnaires. Blood and nasopharyngeal swabs
were collected to perform SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic and immunologic assays. We observed that most
of the reported adverse events were mild-to-moderate injection site or systemic reactions, no severe
or potentially life-threatening conditions were reported, and dose 1 appeared to be more reactogenic
than dose 2. The seroconversion rate was 97% post-dose 1, remaining the same post-dose 2. The
proportion of participants with detectable virus neutralization was 83% post-dose 1, increasing to
98% post-dose 2, with the largest relative increase observed in participants without prior COVID-
19 exposure. Dose 1 boosted nasal S-IgG and S-IgA, while the boosting effect of dose 2 on mucosal
S-IgG, but not S-IgA, was only observed in subjects without prior COVID-19. Systemically, vaccination
reduced serum levels of growth regulated oncogene (GRO), which correlated with an elevation
in blood platelet count. Overall, Sputnik-V dose 1 elicited both blood and mucosal SARS-CoV-2
immunity, while the immune boosting effect of dose 2 was minimal. Thus, adjustments to the current
vaccine dosing regimen are necessary to optimize immunization efficacy and cost-effectiveness. While
Sputnik-V reactogenicity is similar to that of other COVID-19 vaccines, the induced alterations to the
GRO/platelet axis warrant investigation of the vaccine’s effects on systemic immunology.
Description
Keywords
Type of access: Open Access, Sputnik‑V, COVID- 19 vaccine
Citation
Yegorov, S., Kadyrova, I., Negmetzhanov, B., Kolesnikova, Y., Kolesnichenko, S., Korshukov, I., Baiken, Y., Matkarimov, B., Miller, M. S., Hortelano, G. H., & Babenko, D. (2022). Sputnik-V reactogenicity and immunogenicity in the blood and mucosa: a prospective cohort study. Scientific Reports, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-17514-3