EFFECT OF HYPOCALORIC DIET ON FAT MASS AND LEAN BODY MASS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN: A META-ANALYSIS
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Date
2024-06
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Publisher
Nazarbayev University School of Medicine
Abstract
Introduction
Postmenopausal women experience significant physiological changes that are associated with an increased risk of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular health risks. One of the strategies to address this issue is to modify dietary intake in response to these changes to maintain health and quality of life. A hypocaloric diet, which involves reduced calorie intake without malnutrition, has been stated as a strategy to target body composition to optimise health outcomes. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of hypocaloric diets by systematically reviewing the data on the effect of these diets on weight, fat mass, and lean body mass in postmenopausal women.
Methods
A quantitative, systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. Studies were searched in Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase databases for relevant studies. Overweight or obese, healthy postmenopausal women that were investigated on the effects of a hypocaloric diet alone in comparison with control groups were included. Meta-analyses were conducted on the outcomes that assessed changes in weight, fat mass, and lean body mass using a random-effects model.
Results
Six studies and nine interventions with 564 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Dietary intervention groups had significantly greater weight, fat mass, and lean body mass loss than control groups (weight difference in means -4.83, 95% CI, -6.01 to -3.66, P < 0.001; fat mass difference in means -2.94, 95% CI, -3.87 to -2.01, P < 0.001; lean body mass difference in means -1.46, 95% CI, -1.87 to -1.05, P < 0.001). A moderate to high level of heterogeneity was present in all three meta-analyses (weight: Q=30.96, P < 0.001, I2= 73.85%; fat mass: Q=20.98, P < 0.001, I2=82.98%; lean body mass: Q=20.67, P < 0.001, I2=65.40%).
Conclusion
Postmenopausal women who followed a hypocaloric diet experienced a reduction in weight and fat mass compared to those in the control group. However, the hypocaloric diet did not meet our hypotheses on increasing lean body mass, as the intervention only included a diet without any exercise, implying the use of stored fat and occasionally muscles.
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Keywords
Type of access: Embargo, Postmenopausal women
Citation
Kabibolla, S. (2024). Effect Of Hypocaloric Diet On Fat Mass And Lean Body Mass In Postmenopausal Women: A Meta-Analysis. Nazarbayev University School of Medicine