SO₂ and HCHO over the major cities of Kazakhstan from 2005 to 2016: influence of political, economic and industrial changes

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dc.contributor.authorZhuldyz Darynova
dc.contributor.authorMehdi Amouei Torkmahalleh
dc.contributor.authorTalgat Abdrakhmanov
dc.contributor.authorSerik Sabyrzhan
dc.contributor.authorSultan Sagynov
dc.contributor.authorPhilip K. Hopke
dc.contributor.authorJonilda Kushta
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-20T04:04:51Z
dc.date.available2025-08-20T04:04:51Z
dc.date.issued2020-01-01
dc.description.abstractSatellite observations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) were used to analyze tropospheric column mass densities (CMD) of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and formaldehyde (HCHO) over major Kazakh cities between 2005 and 2016. Ekibastuz—home to large thermal power plants—emerged as the main SO₂ hotspot, with elevated CMD linked to industrial activity, the 2008 financial crisis (leading to use of low-quality coal), wildfires, and capital relocation to Nur‑Sultan. HCHO concentrations peaked in summer in cities like Atyrau and Nur‑Sultan due to photooxidation of VOCs; reductions between 2012–2015 were attributed to policy interventions such as implementation of an emission trading system and Euro‑4 vehicle standards in 2013., en
dc.identifier.citationDarynova, Z.; Amouei Torkmahalleh, M.; Abdrakhmanov, T.; Sabyrzhan, S.; Sagynov, S.; Hopke, P.K.; Kushta, J. (2020). Sci. Rep., 10:12635. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69344-wen
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41598-020-69344-w
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69344-w
dc.identifier.urihttps://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/9661
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherNature Portfolio
dc.relation.ispartofScientific Reportsen
dc.rightsOpen accessen
dc.sourceScientific Reports, 10, 12635, (2020)en
dc.subjectSO₂en
dc.subjectHCHOen
dc.subjectsatellite monitoringen
dc.subjectKazakhstanen
dc.subjecturban air qualityen
dc.titleSO₂ and HCHO over the major cities of Kazakhstan from 2005 to 2016: influence of political, economic and industrial changesen
dc.typeJournal Articleen

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