The rise of urban centers in the Golden Horde and the city of Ükek

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dc.contributor.authorSchamiloglu, Uli
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-16T09:18:55Z
dc.date.available2020-03-16T09:18:55Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.descriptionhttp://goldhorde.ru/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/%D0%97%D0%9E-1-2018-18-40.pdfen_US
dc.description.abstractResearch objectives and materials: This essay discusses the rise of cities in the territories of the Golden Horde. It contextualizes the information found in European travelers such as Marco Polo and William of Rubruck to examine the transition from a nomadic economy to a sedentary economy. Arabic sources such as Abū l‑Fidā allow a survey of the location of the major urban centers while Ibn Baṭṭūṭa allows a deeper understanding of the composition of cities. While Ukek started as an urban center situated at the northern limit of the annual nomadic migration route and midway between the capital city Saray in the south and the city of Bulgar in the north, the essay argues that it is likely that it later gained in importance as a center for grain production as the result of climate change. It also attempts to understand the origin and meaning of the name Ukek, for the etymology of which it offers a detailed examination of medieval and modern data. Results and novelty of the research: The essay proposes that the name Ukek actually relays information about the geological formation of the site on which it is built. While most scholars have understood the original meaning of ‘box’ to represent fortifications built on the city wall, the author argues that the name refers rather to the boxlike hollow shape of the formation, which offered both shelter and an elevated location which would be both visible to travelers as well as a shape easily recognized by travelers coming from thousands of kilometers from the southeast, where there were several other such formations carrying the same name.en_US
dc.identifier.citationSchamiloglu, U. (2018). The Rise of Urban Centers in the Golden Horde and the City of Ükek. Golden Horde Review, 6(1), 18–40. https://doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2018-6-1.18-40en_US
dc.identifier.issn2308-152X
dc.identifier.issn2313-6197
dc.identifier.other10.22378/2313-6197.2018-6-1.18-40
dc.identifier.urihttp://goldhorde.ru/en/stati2018-1-2/
dc.identifier.urihttp://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4526
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherState Institution Sh.Marjani Institute of History of Tatarstan Academy of Sciencesen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesZOLOTOORDYNSKOE OBOZRENIE-GOLDEN HORDE REVIEW;Vol. 6, no. 1
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/*
dc.subjectUkeken_US
dc.subjectnomadismen_US
dc.subjectcampsen_US
dc.subjectproto-citiesen_US
dc.subjecturban centersen_US
dc.subjectSarayen_US
dc.subjectgeological featureen_US
dc.subjectgrain productionen_US
dc.subjectTurkic etymologyen_US
dc.subjectMongolian etymologyen_US
dc.subjectResearch Subject Categories::HUMANITIES and RELIGION::History and philosophy subjectsen_US
dc.titleThe rise of urban centers in the Golden Horde and the city of Ükeken_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
workflow.import.sourcescience

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