Simulation of Electric Vehicles and Wireless Power Transfer with V2V Communications

Abstract

Electric vehicles have gained significant importance in the transportation sector, showing the need for effective charging systems due to limited driving range. Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is a key solution which offers convenience, durability, and safety. However, limitations related to coil misalignment, efficiency loss, and bidirectional power flow control remain insufficiently addressed for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) configurations. This thesis presents the design and simulation of a V2V-WPT system that evaluates power flow control strategies within a single simulation platform built in MATLAB/Simulink. The coupled coils are modelled as 25 cm diameter circular spiral inductors with a 100 mm air gap, which represents the adjacent parking placement. The electromagnetic parameters of coils are extracted through finite element analysis in ANSYS Maxwell and applied directly in the circuit model. The system operates at 85 kHz with series-series compensation and lithium-ion batteries on both sides.

Three simulation stages are developed and compared. Stage 1 implements a unidirectional WPT circuit with a passive diode rectifier, achieving 83.6% efficiency at 120 W output. Stage 2 shows bidirectional capability through time-division control using IGBT-based H-bridge converters, giving a mean efficiency of 77.3%. Stage 3 employs phase-shift control with dual active MOSFET bridges, where the phase angle governs the magnitude and direction of power flow, achieving 89.0% efficiency at 90°. The results establish that phase-shift control outperforms both passive rectification and time-division approaches for V2V applications. Moreover, integrating FEA-derived parameters into system-level simulation provides a reliable methodology for evaluating V2V-WPT performance before the hardware implementation.