A pedagogical construction and review, aimed at the undergraduate level, are given of the brick wall model. The brick wall is a finite region just outside the event horizon of a black hole. It is introduced in order to ...

Mining is recognized for being one of the most dangerous industries in the world due to the difficult working conditions. Working in such hazardous circumstances in an underground mine often results in a variety of accidents. ...

Kazakhstan is a country that economically relies on the export, especially on the export of the products of mining. Review of recent publications has proven the claim above. That is why mining sector has a significant ...

Seismicity is a crucial factor that should be considered in underground mines, it occurs due to natural earthquakes or due to human induced activity, primary reasons might be excavation of an orebody, construction of haulage ...

Although contemporary study is sparse, several researches have been undertaken to analyze the expected energy production potential of Kazakhstan's sedimentary geothermal resources. The available evidence demonstrates the ...

At the final stages of the lives of massive stars supernova explosion occurs. Before that process nuclear shell burning happens and strong turbulent convection arises in between iron core and silicon shell. Turbulence by ...

In mining practices, the life of every mine begins with resource estimation and predicting the possible income from operations. Thus, the first step identifies the potential implementation of mine into actual operation. ...

Nowadays, many particle detectors use liquid scintillator (LS) as a detection medium. In particular, Water-based Liquid Scintillator (WbLS) that is a new material currently under development. It is based on the idea of ...

Due to the existing complicated features and huge scales of operation in open-pit mining sites, the in-pit crushing and conveying (IPCC) system is more efficient compared to the combination of truck and shovel technology ...