Abstract:
Incidence of endometrial cancer (EC) has been increasing in recent years, especially in high income countries. The disease commonly affects peri- and postmenopausal women; however, about
5% of women are diagnosed with EC in their reproductive age. Due to both the increasing incidence
of EC among reproductive age women and trends to delayed childbearing, fertility-sparing treatment
for young patients with EC has become extremely important for researchers and practitioners.
Because the classic treatment with total hysterectomy and bilateral saplingo-oophorectomy is not an
appropriate approach for young women demanding fertility preservation, several fertility-sparing
options have been developed and summarized in this review. Utilization of different medications
and their combination (progestagens, gonadotropin releasing hormones analogues, and metformin in
different formulations) are tested and found as efficient for fertility-sparing treatment. New minimally
invasive surgical techniques, combined with progestagens, are also confirmed as valuable. There
are many novel conservative and surgical treatment approaches under investigation. Assuming that
molecular biomarkers can be both diagnostic and prognostic to assist in prediction of response to a
certain therapy, prognostic risk groups’ stratification along with specific biomarkers’ identification
will ensure low recurrence and decrease mortality rates in young women with EC.