Abstract:
Most natural rivers have compound cross-section. Compound channel flow is
characterized by complicated three-dimensional flow structures. These structures are called secondary
flows and have been classified into two categories by Prandtl (1952). He distinguished the secondary
flows of the first kind and of the second kind. The secondary flows of the the second type are typically
about 2-3% of the maximum streamwise velocity (Nezu and Rodi, 1985), however, they have a major
impact on the mean flow and turbulence structures.
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