An aptasensor for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis secreted immunogenic protein MPT64 in clinical samples towards tuberculosis detection

Abstract

This work presents experimental results on detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis secreted protein MPT64 using an interdigitated electrode (IDE) as a platform for capturing the immunogenic protein, detected via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A single-stranded DNA aptamer specifically recognizing MPT64 was immobilized on the IDE using an optimized co-adsorbent ratio. Atomic Force Microscopy confirmed aptamer–MPT64 complex formation. The EIS aptasensor achieved a detection limit of 4.1 fM in buffer, with sensitivity and specificity evaluated using sputum (100%, 76.47%) and serum (100%, 88.24%) clinical samples.