Polymorphism of genes of antioxidant system enzymes in cultivated wheat species and wild-growing relatives

Abstract

This study investigates the polymorphism of genes encoding superoxide dismutase (SOD) and amylase enzymes in cultivated wheat species and their wild relatives. Using PCR with specific primers and in silico analyses (FastPCR, NCBI, UniProt, Ensembl Plants), the authors found high genetic differentiation, with modern cultivated varieties showing fewer polymorphic loci and effective alleles compared to wild and ancient varieties. The findings highlight the potential of these polymorphisms as molecular markers for variety identification, heterogeneity assessment, and parental selection in breeding programs aimed at increasing genetic diversity.,