DEGRADATION OF 4-TERT-BUTYLPHENOL IN WATER USING MONO-DOPED (M1: MO, W) AND CO-DOPED (M2-M1: CU, CO, ZN) TITANIA CATALYSTS
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Date
2022-07-06
Authors
Mergenbayeva, Saule
Kumarov, Alisher
Atabaev, Timur Sh.
Hapeshi, Evroula
Vakros, John
Mantzavinos, Dionissios
Poulopoulos, Stavros G.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Nanomaterials
Abstract
Mono-doped (Mo-TiO2 and W-TiO2) and co-doped TiO2 (Co-Mo-TiO2, Co-W-TiO2, Cu-Mo-
TiO2, Cu-W-TiO2, Zn-Mo-TiO2, and Zn-W-TiO2) catalysts were synthesized by simple impregnation
methods and tested for the photocatalytic degradation of 4-tert-butylphenol in water under UV
(365 nm) light irradiation. The catalysts were characterized with various analytical methods. X-ray
diffraction (XRD), Raman, Diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopies, Scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were
applied to investigate the structure, optical properties, morphology, and elemental composition of
the prepared catalysts. The XRD patterns revealed the presence of peaks corresponding to the WO3
in W-TiO2, Co-W-TiO2, Cu-W-TiO2, and Zn-W-TiO2. The co-doping of Cu and Mo to the TiO2 lattice
was evidenced by the shift of XRD planes towards higher 2 values, confirming the lattice distortion.
Elemental mapping images confirmed the successful impregnation and uniform distribution of
metal particles on the TiO2 surface. Compared to undoped TiO2, Mo-TiO2 andW-TiO2 exhibited a
lower energy gap. Further incorporation of Mo–TiO2 with Co or Cu introduced slight changes in
energy gap and light absorption characteristics, particularly visible light absorption. In addition,
photoluminescence (PL) showed that Cu-Mo–TiO2 has a weaker PL intensity than undoped TiO2.
Thus, Cu-Mo-TiO2 showed better catalytic activity than pure TiO2, achieving complete degradation
of 4-tert-butylphenol under UV light irradiation after 60 min. The application of Cu-Mo-TiO2 under
solar light conditions was also tested, and 70% of 4-tert-butylphenol degradation was achieved
within 150 min.
Description
Keywords
Type of access: Open Access, 4-tert-butylphenol, titanium dioxide, transition metals, photocatalytic degradation
Citation
Mergenbayeva, S., Kumarov, A., Atabaev, T. S., Hapeshi, E., Vakros, J., Mantzavinos, D., & Poulopoulos, S. G. (2022). Degradation of 4-Tert-Butylphenol in Water Using Mono-Doped (M1: Mo, W) and Co-Doped (M2-M1: Cu, Co, Zn) Titania Catalysts. Nanomaterials, 12(14), 2326. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12142326