Zarkovic, GabriellaBelousova, EkaterinaTalhaoui, IbtissamSaint-Pierre, ChristineKutuzov, Mikhail M.Matkarimov, BakhytBiard, DenisGasparutto, DidierLavrik, Olga I.Ishchenko, Alexander A.2020-03-262020-03-262018-01Zarkovic, G., Belousova, E. A., Talhaoui, I., Saint-Pierre, C., Kutuzov, M. M., Matkarimov, B. T., Biard, D., Gasparutto, D., Lavrik, O. I., & Ishchenko, A. A. (2018). Characterization of DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase activities of PARP2 and PARP3: new insights into DNA ADP-ribosylation. Nucleic Acids Research, 46(5), 2417–2431. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkx13180305-10481362-496210.1093/nar/gkx1318https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkx1318http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4544https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/46/5/2417/4807332Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) act as DNA break sensors and catalyze the synthesis of polymers of ADP-ribose (PAR) covalently attached to acceptor proteins at DNA damage sites. It has been demonstrated that both mammalian PARP1 and PARP2 PARylate double-strand break termini in DNA oligonucleotide duplexes in vitro. Here, we show that mammalian PARP2 and PARP3 can PARylate and mono(ADP-ribosyl)ate (MARylate), respectively, 5′- and 3′-terminal phosphate residues at double- and single-strand break termini of a DNA molecule containing multiple strand breaks. PARP3-catalyzed DNA MARylation can be considered a new type of reversible post-replicative DNA modification. According to DNA substrate specificity of PARP3 and PARP2, we propose a putative mechanistic model of PARP-catalyzed strand break–oriented ADP-ribosylation of DNA termini. Notably, PARP-mediated DNA ADP-ribosylation can be more effective than PARPs’ auto-ADP-ribosylation depending on the DNA substrates and reaction conditions used. Finally, we show an effective PARP3- or PARP2-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of high-molecular-weight (∼3-kb) DNA molecules, PARP-mediated DNA PARylation in cell-free extracts and a persisting signal of anti-PAR antibodies in a serially purified genomic DNA from bleomycin-treated poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase-depleted HeLa cells. These results suggest that certain types of complex DNA breaks can be effectively ADP-ribosylated by PARPs in cellular response to DNA damage.enAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United Statesgenome integrityrepair and replicationPARP2PARP3Research Subject Categories::MEDICINEArticle