June 29-30, 2021 Eurasian Academic Libraries Conference – 2021 “Contemporary Trends in Information Organization in the Academic Library Environment” June 29-30, 2021 Eurasian Academic Libraries Conference – 2021 “Contemporary Trends in Information Organization in the Academic Library Environment” Implementing BIBFRAME in a Pilot Project at the Yale University Library Timothy A. Thompson Librarian for Applied Metadata Research timothy.thompson@yale.edu Daniel Mugaburu Metadata Technical Assistant daniel.mugaburu@yale.edu Yale University Library New Haven, Connecticut, United States Presentation Outline 1. Context and overview of the project 2. Introduction to BIBFRAME – BIBFRAME and MARC – BIBFRAME and RDA – BIBFRAME and extensions 3. Introduction to the Sinopia Editor 4. Conclusions Context and overview of the project Linked Data for Production Project (LD4P2) • Two-year Project (2018–2020), funded by a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. • Managed by Stanford University. • Focused on building a community of practice. • 16 other research libraries participated in the project. • Stanford was responsible for creating a new cataloging tool (the Sinopia Editor) for the participating libraries. Goals of Yale’s LD4P2 Subproject 1. Lay the foundation for workflows based on linked data standards. 2. Create descriptive metadata using BIBFRAME and the Art and Rare Materials Ontology (ARM). 3. Explore possibilities for search, discovery, and data visualization in the context of the Semantic Web. https://github.com/Art-and-Rare-Materials-BF-Ext/arm Yale’s LD4P2 Subproject • Joint project between the technical services departments of the Central Library and the Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library. – Tim Thompson, responsible for the Central Library – Audrey Pearson, responsible for the Beinecke Library • Divided into three groups: – Leadership Team • 5 people who helped manage the project – Metadata Creation Team • 20 people, incluiding professionals and paraprofessionals – Advisory Team • 10 people who advised the project Changes to the Original Timeline • We had planned to complete a year of cataloging in Sinopia (from April 2019 to April 2020). • However, development of the editor was delayed, and we did not begin until February 2020. • With the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic, our expected time for cataloging was shortened further. • In the end, we were able to catalog over 200 items in total. • We completed the project in August 2020. Introduction to BIBFRAME What is BIBFRAME? • BIBFRAME timeline: – 2011: The US Library of Congress (LC) announces the creation of the BIBFRAME standard. – 2013: version 1.0 of BIBFRAME is released. – 2015: after initial tests, a review and evaluation process begins. – 2016: version 2.0 of BIBFRAME is published. – To the present: LC continues carrying out cataloging pilot projects with BIBFRAME, using its own in-house editor. BIBFRAME and MARC • The MARC formats are over 50 years old and were not designed for linked data. • MARC is focused on standalone records. • BIBFRAME depends on relationships between resources. BIBFRAME and RDA Graph of Relations in BIBFRAME Source: Nicolasrnphoto, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons BIBFRAME and Extensions • In contrast to RDA, BIBFRAME does not impose limits or constraints on the use of other ontologies and vocabularies. • One BIBFRAME extension used at Yale was the Art and Rare Materials Ontology (ARM). BIBFRAME and ARM Introduction to the Sinopia Editor Sinopia Linked Data Editor • Developed at Stanford University in the context of the LD4P2 project. • Still in development, as a primary focus of the third and current phase of the project (LD4P3). • To access Sinopia, visit: – https://stage.sinopia.io (sandbox instance) – https://sinopia.io (production instance) • Users must register and create and account to use the hosted version of the tool. https://stage.sinopia.io/ https://sinopia.io/ Templates in Sinopia • Each data entry form requires a corresponding template. • The hosted platform includes default templates for different formats. • There is a list of templates in Sinopia, with their corresponding identifiers. • Users can develop their own templates. • The primary templates used by Yale were: Superwork, Work, Instance, and Item. Template Sequence expression item Superwork Work Instance Item 1. 2. 3. 4. Subject cataloging Descriptive cataloging instance Insert the template identifier. Sinopia: Superwork (RDA Work) Name in Sinopia MARC 21 Codes contribution 1XX title information 130, 240 classification number 050 original language 008:35-37, 041, 546$a origin date 008:07-14, 046, 26X$c place of origin 008:15-17, 370$g subjects 6XX genre/form 008:33, 380 admin metadata cabecera, 005, 040, etc. Input author (person). The author appears in the results as structured data. Click on the name. Once selected, the entity is displayed in the form. If the person is not registered in the lookup source, the name can be added as a string literal by clicking on “Authorized Access Point.” Name recorded as a literal. Sinopia: Work (RDA Expression) Name in Sinopia MARC 21 Codes contribution 7XX title information 240 summary 520 content type 336 language 008:35-37, 041, 546$a origin date 008:7-14, 046, 26X$c script 546$b illustrative content 008:18-21, 006:01-04, 300$b admin metadata cabecera, 005, 040, etc. Input the hyperlink to the corresponding Superwork entity. Sinopia: Instance (RDA Manifestation) Name in Sinopia MARC 21 Codes identifiers 020, 022 title information 245$a, etc. statement of responsibility 245$c publication, etc. 26X transcribed publication, etc. 26X extent 300$a dimensions 300$c admin metadata cabecera, 005, 040, etc. Sinopia: Item (RDA Item) Name in Sinopia MARC 21 Codes held by item identifiers Voyager location code 852 (holdings data) lending information custodial history 561 (bibliographic or holdings data) contribution 5XX (bibliographic) or other local fields enumeration and chronology 863-865 (holdings data) admin metadata leader, 005, 040, etc. Challenges and Next Steps • Sinopia is still in development. • To see the real benefits of linked data, a greater level of integration into core workflows is needed. • Transitioning from a model of individual MARC records to a new model based on linked data will take time. • Making this transition requires investments in resources, staff, and training. Conclusions • BIBFRAME represents a more flexible and extensible approach to cataloging. • However, adapting to new tools, such as Sinopia, requires significant effort. • We observed that it took almost twice as long to catalog a resource in Sinopia than in MARC 21. • To advance in the implementation of better, more useful metadata, everyone needs to work together, across institutions. June 29-30, 2021 Eurasian Academic Libraries Conference – 2021 “Contemporary Trends in Information Organization in the Academic Library Environment” THANK YOU FOR LISTENING! Timothy A. Thompson Librarian for Applied Metadata Research Yale University Library New Haven, Connecticut, United States timothy.thompson@yale.edu Slide Number 1 Implementing BIBFRAME in a Pilot Project at the Yale University Library Presentation Outline Context and overview of the project Linked Data for Production Project (LD4P2) Goals of Yale’s LD4P2 Subproject Yale’s LD4P2 Subproject Changes to the Original Timeline Introduction to BIBFRAME What is BIBFRAME? BIBFRAME and MARC BIBFRAME and RDA Graph of Relations in BIBFRAME BIBFRAME and Extensions BIBFRAME and ARM Introduction to the Sinopia Editor Sinopia Linked Data Editor Slide Number 18 Templates in Sinopia Template Sequence Slide Number 21 Sinopia: Superwork (RDA Work) Slide Number 23 Slide Number 24 Slide Number 25 Slide Number 26 Slide Number 27 Sinopia: Work (RDA Expression) Slide Number 29 Sinopia: Instance (RDA Manifestation) Sinopia: Item (RDA Item) Challenges and Next Steps Conclusions THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!