Thermal and Structural Stabilities of LixCoO2 Cathode for Li Secondary Battery Studied by a Temperature Programmed Reduction

Abstract

Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) method was introduced to analyze the structural change and thermal stability of LixCoO2 (LCO) cathode material. The reduction peaks of delithiated LCO clearly represented the different phases of LCO. The reduction peak at a temperature below 250 degrees C can be attributed to the transformation of CoO2-like to Co3O4-like phase which is similar reduction patterns of CoO2 phase resulting from delithiation of LCO structure. The 2nd reduction peak at 300 similar to 375 degrees C corresponds to the reduction of Co3O4-like phase to CoO-like phase. TPR results indicate the thermal instability of delithiated LCO driven by CoO2-like phase on the surface of the delithiated LCO. In the TPR kinetics, the activation energies (E-a) obtained for as-synthesized LCO were 105.6 and 82.7 kJ mol(-1) for T-m_H1 and T-m_H2, respectively, whereas E-a for the delithiated LCO were 93.2, 124.1 and 216.3 kJ mol(-1) for T-m_L1, T-m_L2 and T-m_L3, respectively. As a result, the TPR method enables to identify the structural changes and thermal stability of each phase and effectively characterize the distinctive thermal behavior between as-synthesized and delithiated LCO.