Theses and Dissertations
http://nur.nu.edu.kz:80/handle/123456789/1011
2024-03-28T12:10:23ZTHE EFFECT OF ANTI-TOBACCO POLICIES IN RUSSIA ON FILTERED CIGARETTES CONSUMPTION
http://nur.nu.edu.kz:80/handle/123456789/6151
THE EFFECT OF ANTI-TOBACCO POLICIES IN RUSSIA ON FILTERED CIGARETTES CONSUMPTION
Dyussembayeva, Gulnar
In 2013, the anti-tobacco policy in the Russian Federation was changed substantially as a result
of joining the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. This paper analyzes the
effect of these anti-tobacco measures on cigarette consumption in the Russian Federation using
the RLMS-HSE data. The results suggest that the average number of cigarettes, smoked daily
by men, is estimated to decrease by approximately 1 cigarette as a result of the policy changes
of 2013. However, the changes were less successful in decreasing the tobacco consumption of
women
2022-05-01T00:00:00ZDIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN EARLY AND POST-GRADUATION WORK EXPERIENCE: THE EFFECT OF WORKING WHILE STUDYING AT UNIVERSITY ON FUTURE LABOR MARKET PRODUCTIVITY IN RUSSIA
http://nur.nu.edu.kz:80/handle/123456789/6147
DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN EARLY AND POST-GRADUATION WORK EXPERIENCE: THE EFFECT OF WORKING WHILE STUDYING AT UNIVERSITY ON FUTURE LABOR MARKET PRODUCTIVITY IN RUSSIA
Andrus, Yuliya
This study examines the effect of early work experience on future labor market outcomes in Russia,
taking into account the work intensity. The paper aims to identify the wage returns associated with working
while studying at university in recent years and analyze the effect of differentiating between early and post graduation work experiences on the returns to other wage determinants. The study relies on the Mincerian
specification for the earnings function and uses Heckman’s 2-step selection to account for possible selection
bias. The results suggest that having early work experience positively affects post-graduation labor market
outcomes. The regression output shows that working full-time while studying at university yields the highest
returns compared to the effects of part-time early work experience and working over breaks. Additionally,
including early work experience in the standard model for estimating the wage determinants may show that
the effects of education and experience may be overstated when the model does not control for having work
experience before graduation
2022-05-01T00:00:00ZMATERNITY CAPITAL AND THE MOTHERHOOD WAGE PENALTY: EVIDENCE FROM RUSSIA
http://nur.nu.edu.kz:80/handle/123456789/6144
MATERNITY CAPITAL AND THE MOTHERHOOD WAGE PENALTY: EVIDENCE FROM RUSSIA
Rustem, Kenzhetayev
This paper analyzes the implications of the maternity capital policy on the earnings
of mothers with one or two children under 18 in Russia. The main goals of this paper are
to obtain the most recent estimates of the motherhood wage penalty in Russia and to
observe the impact of the maternity capital policy on the magnitude and the direction
of the motherhood wage gap. I use the Fixed-Effects model to control for the individual specific heterogeneity and I utilize propensity score matching to control for the self selection. The results suggest a presence of the motherhood wage gap in the order of
3-4% for one child under 18 and 6-10% for two children under 18 on average. Overall,
the maternity capital policy decreased the wage differentials between mothers with two
children and non-mothers. However, this decrease was not sufficient to eliminate the
motherhood wage penalty or turn it into the motherhood wage premium
2022-05-01T00:00:00ZRISKY INVESTMENT DECISIONS OF THE ELDERLY
http://nur.nu.edu.kz:80/handle/123456789/5478
RISKY INVESTMENT DECISIONS OF THE ELDERLY
Kaldarov, Sanzhar
This paper analyzes the risky investment decisions of the elderly in the United
States. Utilizing the Health and Retirement Study data for 2002-2008, I first exam ine the effects of different factors on risky asset ownership employing the Heckman’s
two-step model. I then investigate the existence of a causal relationship between
health and wealth using the instrumental variable method. I discover that the in centives generated by the U.S. pension system are of paramount importance for the
risky asset investment behavior of the elderly. Those covered by private pension
plans, in particular a defined contribution plan, are found to be more prone to risk
taking. The effect of retirement on risky asset ownership varies by wealth with
the wealthy elderly investing more in risky assets when they retire. The bequest
motive, measured by number of kids, is found to decrease the investment in risky
assets at the intensive margin for both singles and couples. Yet the elderly couples
having kids are found to be more likely to invest in risky assets at the extensive
margin. I additionally find that wealth has a sizeable positive effect on the health
of the elderly.
2021-06-01T00:00:00ZEXCHANGE RATE DYNAMICS AND MONETARY POLICY IN A SMALL
OPEN ECONOMY: A DSGE MODEL FOR KAZAKHSTAN
http://nur.nu.edu.kz:80/handle/123456789/5477
EXCHANGE RATE DYNAMICS AND MONETARY POLICY IN A SMALL
OPEN ECONOMY: A DSGE MODEL FOR KAZAKHSTAN
Kabzhalyalova, Madina
Shift to floating exchange rate regime is controversial decision to commodity
oriented economy of Kazakhstan. Increase in volatility of nominal exchange rate
is believed to bring deterioration of main macroeconomic variables and reduction
of welfare. This paper thus aims to define optimal monetary policy in estimated
small open economy of Kazakhstan. On a foundation of Taylor rule and under two
specifications of the model it is found that currently National Bank of Kazakhstan
reacts to movements in exchange rate on a limited extent. In addition, optimal
policy simulation based on posterior distribution of model parameters and welfare
loss minimization function is performed. This analysis shows that exchange rate
stabilization within 5% band delivers lowest welfare loss.
2021-06-01T00:00:00ZEFFECT OF NEGATIVE INTEREST RATE POLICY (NIRP) ON BANK PROFITABILITY: CROSS-COUNTRY ECONOMETRIC STUDY
http://nur.nu.edu.kz:80/handle/123456789/5476
EFFECT OF NEGATIVE INTEREST RATE POLICY (NIRP) ON BANK PROFITABILITY: CROSS-COUNTRY ECONOMETRIC STUDY
Kopbayev, Alim
The Negative Interest Rate Policy (NIRP) introduction was dictated with an
expansionary motive of the central banks. Unconventional monetary policy is still not fully
analyzed, and there are no signs that in the future policy rates might become positive. This
essay investigates the impact of NIRP on bank profitability, Return on Assets (ROA). The
difference-in-difference estimation method showed a small and insignificant decrease of
ROA of banks in those countries where NIRP was conducted. Two effects contribute to this
result. First, net interest-related income dropped for the treatment group banks. Secondly,
banks offset a reduction of interest-related profits by an increase in non-interest income,
which includes commissions and fees.
2021-06-01T00:00:00Z