2024-03-28T14:57:49Zhttp://nur.nu.edu.kz/oai/requestoai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/25882023-11-11T14:45:49Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Ortiz, Julian
editor
Ghodrati, Behzad
editor
Kumar, Uday
editor
Schunnesson, Hakan
2017-09-08T03:06:48Z
2017-09-08T03:06:48Z
2017-08-31
Madani, N. Ortiz, J. (2017). “Geostatistical Simulation of Cross-Correlated Variables: a Case Study through Cerro Matoso Nickel-Laterite Deposit”. In the proceeding of the 26th International Symposium on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection (MPES 2017). Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences. Ghodrati, B. Kumar, U. Schunnesson, H. (eds.), Luela, Sweden, 6 p.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/2588
Geostatistical methods have been increasingly used as powerful techniques for predicting spatial attributes and modelling the uncertainty of predictions in un-sampled locations, especially through multi-element deposits. Independent Gaussian simulation constructs precise outputs over each variable, in most cases by simulating using the multi-Gaussian assumption. However, this approach does not consider the underlying correlations between the variables. Spatial uncertainty can also be quantified by co-simulation, where the relationship of the co-regionalized variables is accounted for and the spatial relationships between variables are reproduced. In this study, we apply the two aforementioned approaches (independent simulation and co-simulation) for modelling two correlated elements (Fe & MgO) at Cerro Matoso S.A. Nickel laterite deposit located in Colombia. Results show that co-simulation provides a reasonable outcome in regards to the correlation coefficient parameter and relative error as expected.
en
Open Access - the content is available to the general public
Multivariate geostatistics
Co-simulation
Nickle-Laterite Deposits
Geostatistical Simulation of Cross-Correlated Variables: a Case Study through Cerro Matoso Nickel-Laterite Deposit
Conference Paper
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/2588/1/MPES_2017_Nasser.pdf
File
MD5
8b0492e827f7df4d9c9e23483f060911
639071
application/pdf
MPES_2017_Nasser.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/2588/4/MPES_2017_Nasser.pdf.txt
File
MD5
c5f81e4922d89ede8eff387c89b610be
21002
text/plain
MPES_2017_Nasser.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/27812018-08-15T03:50:15Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Yapiyev, Vadim
author
Sagintayev, Zhanay
author
Verhoef, Anne
author
Kassymbekova, Anara
author
Baigaliyeva, Marzhan
author
Zhumabayev, Dauren
author
Malgazhdar, Daniyar
author
Abudanash, Damira
author
Ongdas, Nurlan
author
Jumassultanova, Saltanat
2017-11-13T04:41:23Z
2017-11-13T04:41:23Z
2017
Yapiyev Vadim et al.(>9), 2017, The changing water cycle: Burabay National Nature Park, Northern Kazakhstan, Wires Water
doi: 10.1002/wat2.1227
Water resources in Central Asia are scarce, so complicated issues arise from this. Kazakhstan is a Central Asian landlocked country, which has mostly closed drainage
basins, characterized by endorheic lakes that do not drain to the oceans. These endorheic lakes are very sensitive to climate change and anthropogenic influences.
Very few studies have been conducted on the hydrological cycle of the small endorheic lakes. This work reviews the endorheic lakes within Burabay National Nature Park (BNNP), Northern Kazakhstan. BNNP is a small ecozone consisting of terminal lakes watersheds covered by mixed forests and grasslands. These endorheic lakes have been drying out during the last one hundred years or so with the water level decrease accelerated in the past few decades. According to historical observations (1935–2014), on the one hand precipitation amounts did not significantly change, while on the other hand, air temperature steadily increased. The lake level decrease is most probably caused by a water budget deficit, with evaporation exceeding the precipitation inputs in the long term. The direct anthropogenic impact (water abstraction) plays a minor role in the deterioration of water levels, with most significant impacts through localized land-use changes such as road and building construction in the catchments. The future of the park’s sensitive ecosystems in a changing climate is uncertain; therefore, BNNP requires modern ecohydrological monitoring methods and analysis tools to improve our
understanding of its hydrological cycle variability, and to enable us to develop adequate adaptation and mitigation measures. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
en
Open Access - the content is available to the general public
water resources
Central Asia
Burabay National Nature Park (BNNP)
Northern Kazakhstan
The changing water cycle: Burabay National Nature Park, Northern Kazakhstan
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/2781/1/changing+water%2B.pdf
File
MD5
b27770443bd1b66011c0b9c9d5b1d9b0
770403
application/pdf
changing water+.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/2781/4/changing+water%2B.pdf.txt
File
MD5
d6aaf47219522dbc62db35854241a52c
59514
text/plain
changing water+.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/28182018-08-15T03:50:16Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Mai, Ngoc Luan
author
Erten, Oktay
author
Topal, Erkan
2017-11-14T11:41:27Z
2017-11-14T11:41:27Z
2016-12-17
Mai Ngoc Luan et al.(>2), 2016(December 17), A new generic open pit mine planning process with risk assessment ability, International Journal of Coal Science and Technology, pp.407–417
DOI 10.1007/s40789-016-0152-z
Conventionally, mining industry relies on a deterministic view, where a unique mine plan is determined based on a single resource model. A major shortfall of this approach is the inability to assess the risk caused by the well-known geological uncertainty, i.e. the in situ grade and tonnage variability of the mineral deposit. Despite some recent attempts in
developing stochastic mine planning models which have demonstrated promising results, the industry still remains sceptical about this innovative idea. With respect to unbiased linear estimation, kriging is the most popular and reliable deterministic interpolation technique for resource estimation and it appears to remain its popularity in the near future. This paper presents a new systematic framework to quantify the risk of kriging-based mining projects due to the geological uncertainties. Firstly, conditional simulation is implemented to generate a series of equally-probable orebody realisations and these realisations are then compared with the kriged resource model to analyse its geological uncertainty. Secondly, a production schedule over the life of mine is determined based on the kriged resource model. Finally, risk profiles of that production schedule, namely ore and waste tonnage production, blending grade and Net Present Value (NPV), are
constructed using the orebody realisations. The proposed model was applied on a multi-element deposit and the result demonstrates that that the kriging-based mine plan is unlikely to meet the production targets. Especially, the kriging-based mine plan overestimated the expected NPV at a magnitude of 6.70% to 7.34% (135 M$ to 151 M$). A new multivariate conditional simulation framework was also introduced in this paper to cope with the multivariate nature of the deposit. Although an iron ore deposit is used to prove the concepts, the method can easily be adapted to other kinds of mineral deposits, including surface coal mine.
en
Open Access - the content is available to the general public
open pit mine planning
geological uncertainty
multivariate conditional simulation
grade/tonnage curves
Research Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY::Civil engineering and architecture::Geoengineering and mining engineering
A new generic open pit mine planning process with risk assessment ability
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/2818/1/A+new.pdf
File
MD5
8a34152ae7e727e39e1c61391e97e12c
3051693
application/pdf
A new.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/2818/4/A+new.pdf.txt
File
MD5
f6cf9d8ffc68bff1eec4ca8222f75f36
26796
text/plain
A new.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/28962018-08-15T03:50:17Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Adoko, Amoussou Coffi
author
Gokceoglu, Candan
author
Yagiz, Saffet
2017-12-14T06:22:22Z
2017-12-14T06:22:22Z
2017-08-30
Amoussou Coffi Adoko, Candan Gokceoglu, Saffet Yagiz, Bayesian prediction of TBM penetration rate in rock mass, In Engineering Geology, Volume 226, 2017, Pages 245-256
00137952
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013795217300091
Abstract One of the essential tasks in the excavation of tunnels with TBM is the reliable estimation of its performance needed for the planning, cost control and other decision making on the feasibility of the tunneling project. The current study aims at predicting the rate of penetration (RoP) of TBM on the basis of the rock mass parameters including the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), intact rock brittleness (BI), the angle between the plane of weakness and the TBM driven direction (α) and the distance between planes of weakness (DPW). To this end, datasets from the Queens Water Tunnel No. 3 project, New York City, are compiled and used to establish the models. The Bayesian inference approach is implemented to identify the most appropriate models for estimating the RoP among eight (8) candidate models that have been proposed. The selected TBM empirical models are fitted to field data. The unknown parameters of the models are considered as random variables. The WinBUGS software which uses Bayesian analysis of complex statistical models and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques is employed to compute the posterior predictive distributions. The mean values of the model parameters obtained via MCMC simulations are considered for the model prediction performance evaluation. Meanwhile, the deviance information criterion (DIC) is used as the main prediction accuracy indicator and therefore, to rank the models taking into account both their fit and complexity. Overall, the results indicate that the proposed RoP model possesses satisfactory predictive performance.
en
TBM penetration rate prediction
Model selection
Bayesian inference
Markov chain Monte Carlo
Rock mass
Bayesian prediction of TBM penetration rate in rock mass
Article
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/29852018-08-15T03:50:19Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Ajak, Ajak Duany
author
Lilford, Eric
author
Topal, Erkan
2017-12-21T04:04:46Z
2017-12-21T04:04:46Z
2017-11-10
Ajak Duany Ajak, Eric Lilford, Erkan Topal, Application of predictive data mining to create mine plan flexibility in the face of geological uncertainty, In Resources Policy, 2017
03014207
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301420717303987
Abstract Geological uncertainty represents an inherent threat for all mining projects. Mining operations utilise resource block models as a primary source of data in planning and in decision making. However, such operational decisions are not free from risk and uncertainty. For the majority of iron ore mines, as an example, uncertainties such as clay pods and variability in grades and tonnages can have dramatic impacts on projects’ viability. However, a paradigm shift on how uncertainty is treated and a willingness to invest in areas that create operational flexibility can mitigate potential losses. Data analytics is touted as one of the major disruptions in the 21st century and operations that properly utilise data can create real opportunities in the face of an uncertain future. Since organisations have abundant definite geological data, a combination of data mining and real options can provide a competitive advantage. In the present study, predictive data mining algorithms were applied to a real case mine operation to predict the probability of encountering problematic ore in a mining schedule. The data mining model outputs were used to generate possible real options that the operations could exercise to deal with clay uncertainty. The most suitable data mining algorithm chosen for this task was the classification tree, which predicted the occurrence of clay with 78.6% precision. Poisson distribution and Monte Carlo simulations were applied to analyse various real options. The research revealed that operations could minimise unscheduled losses in the processing plant and could increase a project's present value by between 12% and 21% if the predictive data mining algorithm was applied to create real options.
en
Application of predictive data mining to create mine plan flexibility in the face of geological uncertainty
Article
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/31272018-08-15T03:50:25Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Shafiei, Ali
author
Ahmadi, Mohammad Ali
author
Dusseault, Maurice B.
author
Elkamel, Ali
author
Zendehboudi, Sohrab
author
Chatzis, Ioannis
2018-01-26T10:16:40Z
2018-01-26T10:16:40Z
2018-01-28
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/3127
Thermal oil recovery techniques, including steam processes, account for more than 80%
of the current global heavy oil, extra heavy oil, and bitumen production. Evaluation of Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs (NFCRs) for thermal heavy oil recovery using field pilot tests and exhaustive numerical and analytical modeling is expensive, complex, and personnel-intensive. Robust statistical models have not yet been proposed to predict cumulative steam to oil ratio (CSOR) and
recovery factor (RF) during steamflooding in NFCRs as strong process performance indicators. In this paper, new statistical based techniques were developed using multivariable regression analysis for quick estimation of CSOR and RF in NFCRs subjected to steamflooding. The proposed data based models include vital parameters such as in situ fluid and reservoir properties. The data used are taken from experimental studies and rare field trials of vertical well steamflooding pilots in heavy oil NFCRs reported in the literature. The models show an average error of <6% for the worst cases
and contain fewer empirical constants compared with existing correlations developed originally for oil sands. The interactions between the parameters were considered indicating that the initial oil saturation and oil viscosity are the most important predictive factors. The proposed models were successfully predicted CSOR and RF for two heavy oil NFCRs. Results of this study can be used for feasibility assessment of steam flooding in NFCRs...
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
heavy oil
fractured carbonate reservoirs
steamflooding
cumulative steam to oil ratio
recovery factor
statistical predictive tools
digitalization
data analytics
Data Analytics Techniques for Performance Prediction of Steamflooding in Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3127/1/energies-11-00292.pdf
File
MD5
724c69d1c95965240fad2f67ee823aec
8235037
application/pdf
energies-11-00292.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3127/4/energies-11-00292.pdf.txt
File
MD5
98c1512486cb32b51e0c753c3f6617eb
86661
text/plain
energies-11-00292.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/31622023-11-11T14:45:53Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Eze, Peter, E.
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Coffi Adoko, Amoussou
editor
Carranza, John
2018-04-17T10:41:54Z
2018-04-17T10:41:54Z
2018-04
doi.org/10.1007/s11053-018-9378-3
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/3162
With a mining-driven economy, Botswana has experienced increased geochemical exploration of minerals around existing mining towns. The mining and smelting of copper and nickel around Selibe-Phikwe in the Central Province are capable of releasing heavy metals including Pb, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni and Cu into the soil environments, thereby exposing humans, plants and animals to health risks. In this study, turning bands co-simulation, a multivariate geostatistical algorithm, was presented as a tool for spatial uncertainty quantification and probability mapping of cross-correlated heavy metals (Co, Mn, Fe and Pb) risk assessment in a semiarid Cu–Ni exploration field of Botswana. A total of 1050 soil samples were collected across the field at a depth of 10 cm in a grid sampling design. Rapid elemental concentration analysis was done using an Olympus Delta Sigma portable X-ray fluorescence device. Enrichment factor, geoaccumulation index and pollution load index were used to assess the potential risk of heavy metals contamination in soils. The partially heterotopic nature of the dataset and strong correlations among the heavy metals favors the use of co-simulation instead of independent simulation in the probability mapping of heavy metal risks in the study area. The strong correlation of Co and Mn to iron infers they are of lithogenic origin, unlike Pb which had weak correlation pointing to its source in the area being of anthropogenicsource. Manganese, Co and Fe show low enrichment, whereas Pb had high enrichment suggesting possible lead pollution. We, however, recommend that speciation of Pb in the soils rather than total concentration should be ascertained to infer chances of possible bioaccumulation, and subsequent health risk to human by chronic exposure.
en_US
CC0 1.0 Universal
Probability mapping, Gaussian random field, Semiarid soils, Portable XRF device, Uncertainty quantification.
Multivariate Mapping of Heavy Metals Spatial Contamination in a Cu–Ni Exploration Field (Botswana) Using Turning Bands Co-simulation Algorithm
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3162/1/2018_NRR_Thcosim_Heavy_Metals.pdf
File
MD5
01b171bf28eb238f9210acdfbc59f6a3
4435735
application/pdf
2018_NRR_Thcosim_Heavy_Metals.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3162/4/2018_NRR_Thcosim_Heavy_Metals.pdf.txt
File
MD5
945639c89626ccde06a2fc411b792caf
50597
text/plain
2018_NRR_Thcosim_Heavy_Metals.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/32122023-11-11T14:45:55Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Gerard, Emmanuelle
author
De Goeyse, Siham
author
Hugoni, Mylene
author
Agogue, Helene
author
Richard, Laurent
author
Milesi, Vincent
author
Guyot, Francois
author
Lecourt, Lena
author
Borensztajn, Stephan
author
Joseph, Marie-Beatrice
author
Leclerc, Thomas
author
Sarazin, Gerard
author
Jezequel, Didier
author
Leboulanger, Christophe
author
Ader, Magali
editor
Dupraz, Christophe
2018-05-29T05:14:10Z
2018-05-29T05:14:10Z
2018-05-22
Gerard, E., De Goeyse, S., Hugoni, M., Agogue, H., Richard, L., Milesi, V., Guyot, F., Lecourt, L., Borensztajn, S., Joseph, M.-B., Leclerc, T., Sarazin, G., Jezequel, D., Leboulanger, C., and Ader, M. (2018) Key Role of Alphaproteobacteria and Cyanobacteria in the Formation of Stromatolites of Lake Dziani Dzaha (Mayotte, Western Indian Ocean). Front. Microbiol. 9:796.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/3212
Lake Dziani Dzaha is a thalassohaline tropical crater lake located on the “Petite Terre” Island of Mayotte (Comoros archipelago, Western Indian Ocean). Stromatolites are actively growing in the shallow waters of the lake shores. These stromatolites are mainly composed of aragonite with lesser proportions of hydromagnesite, calcite, dolomite, and phyllosilicates. They are morphologically and texturally diverse ranging from tabular covered by a cauliflower-like crust to columnar ones with a smooth surface. High-throughput sequencing of bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA genes combined with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) analysis revealed that the microbial composition of the mats associated with the stromatolites was clearly distinct from that of the Arthrospira-dominated lake water. Unicellular-colonial Cyanobacteria belonging to the Xenococcus genus of the Pleurocapsales order were detected in the cauliflower crust mats, whereas filamentous Cyanobacteria belonging to the Leptolyngbya genus were found in the smooth surface mats. Observations using CLSM, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy indicated that the cauliflower texture consists of laminations of aragonite, magnesium-silicate phase and hydromagnesite. The associated microbial mat, as confirmed by laser microdissection and whole-genome amplification (WGA), is composed of Pleurocapsales coated by abundant filamentous and coccoid Alphaproteobacteria. These phototrophic Alphaproteobacteria promote the precipitation of aragonite in which they become incrusted. In contrast, the Pleurocapsales are not calcifying but instead accumulate silicon and magnesium in their sheaths, which may be responsible for the formation of the Mg-silicate phase found in the cauliflower crust. We therefore propose that Pleurocapsales and Alphaproteobacteria are involved in the formation of two distinct mineral phases present in the cauliflower texture: Mg-silicate and aragonite, respectively. These results point out the role of phototrophic Alphaproteobacteria in the formation of stromatolites, which may open new perspective for the analysis of the fossil record.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States
Key Role of Alphaproteobacteria and Cyanobacteria in the Formation of Stromatolites of Lake Dziani Dzaha (Mayotte, Western Indian Ocean)
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3212/1/fmicb-09-00796.pdf
File
MD5
c9d6a445069a9d1317a642d48c4137ed
10991974
application/pdf
fmicb-09-00796.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3212/4/fmicb-09-00796.pdf.txt
File
MD5
4e4a620d22c8925902755ea8d4a5ad8c
94021
text/plain
fmicb-09-00796.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/33802023-11-11T14:45:55Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Emery, Xavier
editor
Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment
other
Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment
2018-08-09T08:26:15Z
2018-08-09T08:26:15Z
2018-07-06
Madani, N., Emery, X. (2018). “A comparison of search strategies to design the cokriging neighborhood for predicting coregionalized variables”. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, DOI: 10.1007/s00477-018-1578-1.
DOI: 10.1007/s00477-018-1578-1
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/3380
Cokriging allows predicting coregionalized variables from sampling information, by considering their spatial joint depen- dence structure. When secondary covariates are available exhaustively, solving the cokriging equations may become pro- hibitive, which motivates the use of a moving search neighborhood to select a subset of data, based on their closeness to the target location and the screen effect approximation. This paper investigates the efficiency of different strategies for designing a sub-optimal neighborhood wherein the simplification of the cokriging equations is challenging. To do so, five alternatives (single search, multiple search, strictly collocated search, multi-collocated search and isotopic search) are tested and com- pared with the reference unique neighborhood, through synthetic examples with different data configurations and spatial joint correlation models. The results indicate that the multi-collocated and multiple searches bear the highest resemblance to the reference case under the analyzed spatial structure models, while the single and the isotopic searches, which do not differentiate the primary and secondary sampling designs, yield the poorest results in terms of cokriging error variance.
en
CC0 1.0 Universal
Screening effect
Multi-collocated cokriging
Strictly collocated cokriging
Markov-type models
Intrinsic correlation
Cokriging neighborhood
Heterotopic sampling
A comparison of search strategies to design the cokriging neighborhood for predicting coregionalized variables
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3380/1/A-comparison-of-search-strategies-to-design-the-cokriging-neighborhood-for-predicting-coregionalized-variables.pdf
File
MD5
2966bfd9749fae74ceab6b058cc10847
2650183
application/pdf
A-comparison-of-search-strategies-to-design-the-cokriging-neighborhood-for-predicting-coregionalized-variables.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3380/4/A-comparison-of-search-strategies-to-design-the-cokriging-neighborhood-for-predicting-coregionalized-variables.pdf.txt
File
MD5
e885fa3d184ea169d34e92e7e25fa5f9
47735
text/plain
A-comparison-of-search-strategies-to-design-the-cokriging-neighborhood-for-predicting-coregionalized-variables.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/33812018-08-15T03:50:29Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Emery, Xavier
2018-08-13T02:52:58Z
2018-08-13T02:52:58Z
2018-08
Madani, N., Emery, X. (2018). “Sequential co–simulation for resources modelling: How good is the reproduction of the joint spatial
correlation structure?
”. In the proceeding of the Geometallurgy Conference 2018, Back to the Future. The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (ed.), Cape Town, South Africa, 13 p.
978-1-928410-07-2
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/3381
The quantification and classification of mineral resources and ore reserves is often based on an assessment of the certainty (or uncertainty) of the estimates of tonnage and grade of elements of interest (metals and impurities) contained in a mineable deposit. However, these variables are not always sufficient to characterize the factors that impact mining and mineral processing performance and hence the estimated quantity and value of recovered product. Improved understanding of geometallurgical response variables, via spatial simulation, offers one approach to predicting concentration and recovery performance, identifying improved operating parameters, and optimizing criteria that impact on costs of recovery, such as energy and reagent consumption. In this context, the spatial modelling of these responses is challenging. Geostatistical co-simulation techniques can be used to construct high-resolution models of geometallurgical responses that reproduce both the spatial variability and the multivariate relationships between co-regionalized variables. Sequential Gaussian co-simulation is such a technique, in which the variables of interest are simulated hierarchically, using cokriging to determine the distributions of values to be randomly simulated. However, because full cokriging is generally out of reach when the model contains too many locations or blocks to simulate, simplifications based on strictly collocated or multi-collocated cokriging are often adopted. In this study, the quality of such simplifications is investigated, with an application to a porphyry copper deposit. Sampling data from two cross-correlated geometallurgical variables, the iron grade and the concentrate copper grade, have been selected and sequentially co-simulated using the abovementioned cokriging strategies. The results show that both collocated and multi- collocated cokriging succeed in reproducing the spatial correlation structure of the variables to be simulated.
en
CC0 1.0 Universal
Geostatistics
Collocated Cokriging
Multi-collocated cokriging
Geometallurgy
Sequential co-simulation for resources modelling: How good is the reproduction of the joint spatial correlation structure?
Conference Paper
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3381/1/03+GEO25-Madani.pdf
File
MD5
1e99be41950e266515bfd8ebbb28c47a
3667702
application/pdf
03 GEO25-Madani.pdf
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/33852018-08-16T21:00:28Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Naderi, Asghar
author
Biranvand, Bijan
author
Keshavarz, Nasser
2018-08-16T02:54:00Z
2018-08-16T02:54:00Z
2018-08-14
Madani, N., Naderi, A., Biranvand, B., Keshavarz, N. (2018). “Lithofacies uncertainty modeling in a siliciclastic reservoir setting by incorporating geological contacts and seismic information”. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, DOI: 10.1007/s13202-018-0531-7. In press.
DOI: 10.1007/s13202-018-0531-7
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/3385
Deterministic modeling lonely provides a unique boundary layout, depending on the geological interpretation or interpolation
from the hard available data. Changing the interpreter’s attitude or interpolation parameters leads to displacing the
location of these borders. In contrary, probabilistic modeling of geological domains such as lithofacies is a critical aspect
to providing information to take proper decision in the case of evaluation of oil reservoirs parameters, that is, applicable
for quantification of uncertainty along the boundaries. These stochastic modeling manifests itself dramatically beyond this
occasion. Conventional approaches of probabilistic modeling (object and pixel-based) mostly suffers from consideration
of contact knowledge on the simulated domains. Plurigaussian simulation algorithm, in contrast, allows reproducing the
complex transitions among the lithofacies domains and has found wide acceptance for modeling petroleum reservoirs.
Stationary assumption for this framework has implications on the homogeneous characterization of the lithofacies. In this
case, the proportion is assumed constant and the covariance function as a typical feature of spatial continuity depends only
on the Euclidean distances between two points. But, whenever there exists a heterogeneity phenomenon in the region, this
assumption does not urge model to generate the desired variability of the underlying proportion of facies over the domain.
Geophysical attributes as a secondary variable in this place, plays an important role for generation of the realistic contact
relationship between the simulated categories. In this paper, a hierarchical plurigaussian simulation approach is used to construct
multiple realizations of lithofacies by incorporating the acoustic impedance as soft data through an oil reservoir in Iran.
en
CC0 1.0 Universal
Plurigaussian simulation
Acoustic impedance
Hierarchical flag
Lithofacies uncertainty modeling in a siliciclastic reservoir setting by incorporating geological contacts and seismic information
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3385/1/2018_JPEPT_Pluri_Seismic.pdf
File
MD5
32cd7b90e18f9fb0d92f253e896a7778
4864231
application/pdf
2018_JPEPT_Pluri_Seismic.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3385/4/2018_JPEPT_Pluri_Seismic.pdf.txt
File
MD5
343ab6e6faa1d80b6abac951658f3747
47107
text/plain
2018_JPEPT_Pluri_Seismic.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/35512023-11-11T14:45:20Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Sadeghi, Behnam
editor
John, Carranza
2018-10-25T03:10:15Z
2018-10-25T03:10:15Z
2018
1) Madani, N., Sadeghi, B. (2018). “Capturing Hidden Geochemical Anomalies in Scarce Data by Fractal Analysis and Stochastic Modeling”. Natural Resources Research, DOI: 10.1007/s11053-018-9421-4. In press.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-018-9421-4
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/3551
Fractal/multifractal modeling is a widely used geomathematical approach to capturing different
populations in geochemical mapping. The rationale of this methodology is based on
empirical frequency density functions attained from global or local distributions. This approach
is quite popular because of its simplicity and versatility; it accounts for the frequency
and spatial distribution of geochemical data considering self-similarity across a range of
scales. Using this technique for detection of geochemical anomalies in scarce data, however,
is problematic and can lead to systematic bias in the characterization of the underlying
populations. In this paper, an innovative technique is presented that provides good results
without a priori assumptions. A simulation approach is adopted for fractal analysis by
generating different possible distribution scenarios for the variable under study to reveal the
underlying populations that are frequently hidden due to lack of data. The proposed technique
is called the global simulated size–number method, and it is validated in a case study
with two synthetic datasets and another case study with real dataset from the Ushtagan gold
deposit in northeast Kazakhstan.
en
CC0 1.0 Universal
Fractal modeling
Monte Carlo simulation
Kernel density function
Ushtagan gold deposit
Capturing Hidden Geochemical Anomalies in Scarce Data by Fractal Analysis and Stochastic Modeling
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3551/1/2018_NRR_Hidden_Anomaly.pdf
File
MD5
b608fd7e21273968c493f5a870ef0566
2577233
application/pdf
2018_NRR_Hidden_Anomaly.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3551/4/2018_NRR_Hidden_Anomaly.pdf.txt
File
MD5
2df9f33bad2db3377020ae1fc96560bf
44607
text/plain
2018_NRR_Hidden_Anomaly.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/36462023-11-11T14:45:40Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Saffet, Yagiz
author
Coffi Adoko, Amoussou
editor
Minerals
2018-11-29T04:03:56Z
2018-11-29T04:03:56Z
2018-11-15
Madani, N.; Yagiz, S.; Coffi Adoko, A. Spatial Mapping of the Rock Quality Designation Using Multi-Gaussian Kriging Method. Minerals 2018, 8, 530.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/3646
The rock quality designation is an important input for the analysis and design of rock structures as reliable spatial modeling of the rock quality designation (RQD) can assist in designing and planning mines more efficiently. The aim of this paper is to model the spatial distribution of the RQD using the multi-Gaussian kriging approach as an alternative to the non-linear geostatistical technique which has shown some limitations. To this end, 470 RQD datasets were collected from 9 boreholes pertaining to the Gazestan ore deposit in Iran. The datasets were declustered then transformed into Gaussian distribution. To ensure the model spatial continuity, variogram analysis was first performed. The elevation 150 m with a grid of 5 m × 5 m × 5 m was selected to illustrate the methodology. Surface maps showing the RQD classes (very poor, poor, fair, good, and very good) with their associated probability were established. A cross-validation method was used to check the obtained model. The validation results indicated good prediction of the local variability. In addition, the associated uncertainty was quantified on the basis of the conditional distributions and the accuracy plot agreed with the overall results. It is concluded that the proposed model could be used to produce a reliable RQD map.
en
CC0 1.0 Universal
RQD
probability
multi-Gaussian kriging;
spatial mapping
Spatial Mapping of the Rock Quality Designation Using Multi-Gaussian Kriging Method
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3646/5/Spatial+Mapping+of+the+Rock+Quality+Designation+Using+Multi-Gaussian+Kriging+Method.pdf
File
MD5
f99e59f53aed49a7b305169be1cd6ceb
7415114
application/pdf
Spatial Mapping of the Rock Quality Designation Using Multi-Gaussian Kriging Method.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3646/6/Spatial+Mapping+of+the+Rock+Quality+Designation+Using+Multi-Gaussian+Kriging+Method.pdf.txt
File
MD5
a8885ba58ea54f1cf56265036231976a
73760
text/plain
Spatial Mapping of the Rock Quality Designation Using Multi-Gaussian Kriging Method.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/38092023-11-11T14:45:20Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Abildin, Yerniyaz
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Topal, Erkan
editor
Carranza, John
2019-04-04T04:58:25Z
2019-04-04T04:58:25Z
2019-04-04
Abildin, Y., Madani, N., Topal, E. (2019). “A Hybrid Approach for Joint Simulation of Geometallurgical Variables with Inequality Constraint”. Minerals 9(1), 24.
https://doi.org/10.3390/min9010024
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/3809
Geometallurgical variables have a significant impact on downstream activities of mining
projects. Reliable 3D spatial modelling of these variables plays an important role in mine
planning and mineral processing, in which it can improve the overall viability of the mining
projects. This interdisciplinary paradigm involves geology, geostatistics, mineral processing and
metallurgy that creates a need for enhanced techniques of modelling. In some circumstances,
the geometallurgical responses demonstrate a decent intrinsic correlation that motivates one to
use co-estimation or co-simulation approaches rather than independent estimation or simulation.
The latter approach allows us to reproduce that dependency characteristic in the final model. In this
paper, two problems have been addressed, one is concerning the inequality constraint that might exist
among geometallurgical variables, and the second is dealing with difficulty in variogram analysis.
To alleviate the first problem, the variables can be converted to new variables free of inequality
constraint. The second problem can also be solved by taking into account the minimum/maximum
autocorrelation factors (MAF) transformation technique which allows defining a hybrid approach
of joint simulation rather than conventional method of co-simulation. A case study was carried out
for the total and acid soluble copper grades obtained from an oxide copper deposit. Firstly, these
two geometallurgical variables are transferred to the new variables without inequality constraint
and then MAF analysis is used for joint simulation and modelling. After back transformation of the
results, they are compared with traditional approaches of co-simulation, for which they showed that
the MAF methodology is able to reproduce the spatial correlation between the variables without
loss of generality while the inequality constraint is honored. The results are then post processed to
support probabilistic domaining of geometallurgical zones.
en_US
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States
MAF
Geometallurgy
joint simulation
inequality constraint
A Hybrid Approach for Joint Simulation of Geometallurgical Variables with Inequality Constraint
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3809/1/minerals-09-00024.pdf
File
MD5
5464bf65c97b00d7057e83262e1a51cd
16274251
application/pdf
minerals-09-00024.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3809/4/minerals-09-00024.pdf.txt
File
MD5
4a189f30530ac2ce5671c052352b6bd0
97770
text/plain
minerals-09-00024.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/38102023-11-11T14:45:21Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Battalgazy, Nurassyl
author
Madani, Nasser
editor
Carranza, John
2019-04-04T04:59:27Z
2019-04-04T04:59:27Z
2019-03
Battalgazy, N., Madani, N. (2019). “Categorization of Mineral Resources Based on Different Geostatistical Simulation Algorithms: A Case Study from an Iron Ore Deposit”. Natural Resources Research, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-019-09474-9. In press.
DOI 10.1007/s11053-019-09474-9
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/3810
Mineral resource classification plays an important role in the downstream activities of a
mining project. Spatial modeling of the grade variability in a deposit directly impacts the
evaluation of recovery functions, such as the tonnage, metal quantity and mean grade above
cutoffs. The use of geostatistical simulations for this purpose is becoming popular among
practitioners because they produce statistical parameters of the sample dataset in cases of
global distribution (e.g., histograms) and local distribution (e.g., variograms). Conditional
simulations can also be assessed to quantify the uncertainty within the blocks. In this sense,
mineral resource classification based on obtained realizations leads to the likely computation
of reliable recovery functions, showing the worst and best scenarios. However, applying the
proper geostatistical (co)-simulation algorithms is critical in the case of modeling variables
with strong cross-correlation structures. In this context, enhanced approaches such as projection
pursuit multivariate transforms (PPMTs) are highly desirable. In this paper, the
mineral resources in an iron ore deposit are computed and categorized employing the PPMT
method, and then, the outputs are compared with conventional (co)-simulation methods for
the reproduction of statistical parameters and for the calculation of tonnage at different
levels of cutoff grades. The results show that the PPMT outperforms conventional (co)-
simulation approaches not only in terms of local and global cross-correlation reproductions
between two underlying grades (Fe and Al2O3) in this iron deposit but also in terms of
mineral resource categories according to the Joint Ore Reserves Committee standard.
en_US
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States
Mineral resource classification
Projection pursuit multivariate transform
Joint simulation
Iron deposit
JORC code
Categorization of Mineral Resources Based on Different Geostatistical Simulation Algorithms: A Case Study from an Iron Ore Deposit
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3810/1/10.1007_s11053-019-09474-9+%281%29.pdf
File
MD5
f7d1e98f12c003dc58a28be955110977
4299317
application/pdf
10.1007_s11053-019-09474-9 (1).pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3810/4/10.1007_s11053-019-09474-9+%281%29.pdf.txt
File
MD5
5a9d2e6f0745fc1ef0cf5dc5fd0af9a7
64398
text/plain
10.1007_s11053-019-09474-9 (1).pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/38282019-04-24T21:00:31Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Shafiei, Ali
author
Dusseault, Maurice
author
Kosari, Ehsan
author
Taleghani, Morteza
2019-04-24T08:51:13Z
2019-04-24T08:51:13Z
2018-02-01
Shafiei, A.; B. Dusseault, M.; Kosari, E.; N. Taleghani, M. Natural Fractures Characterization and In Situ Stresses Inference in a Carbonate Reservoir—An Integrated Approach. Energies 2018, 11, 312.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11020312
In this paper, we characterized the natural fracture systems and inferred the state of in situ
stress field through an integrated study in a very complex and heterogeneous fractured carbonate
heavy oil reservoir. Relative magnitudes and orientations of the in-situ principal stresses in a naturally
fractured carbonate heavy oil field were estimated with a combination of available data (World Stress
Map, geological and geotectonic evidence, outcrop studies) and techniques (core analysis, borehole
image logs and Side View Seismic Location). The estimates made here using various tools and data
including routine core analysis and image logs are confirmatory to estimates made by theWorld Stress
Map and geotectonic facts. NE-SW and NW-SE found to be the dominant orientations for maximum
and minimum horizontal stresses in the study area. In addition, three dominant orientations were
identified for vertical and sub-vertical fractures atop the crestal region of the anticlinal structure.
Image logs found useful in recognition and delineation of natural fractures. The results implemented
in a real field development and proved practical in optimal well placement, drilling and production
practices. Such integrated studies can be instrumental in any E&P projects and related projects such
as geological CO2 sequestration site characterization.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs
fracture characterization
in situ stress geological inference
geomechanics
image logs
outcrop studies
seismic methods
Natural Fractures Characterization and In Situ Stresses Inference in a Carbonate Reservoir—An Integrated Approach
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3828/1/energies-11-00312-v2.pdf
File
MD5
c32ad7db4448a2312201bf1e1dca6184
9007036
application/pdf
energies-11-00312-v2.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3828/4/energies-11-00312-v2.pdf.txt
File
MD5
9384adc119dee8e08257ed99e8a288c6
85637
text/plain
energies-11-00312-v2.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/38572019-04-25T21:00:34Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Bastami, Alireza
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Shafiei, Ali
2019-04-25T10:25:24Z
2019-04-25T10:25:24Z
2018-10-20
Bastami, A.; Pourafshary, P.; Shafiei, A. Densities for Ternary System of CaCl2–H2O–CO2 at Elevated P-T: An Experimental and Modeling Approach. Energies 2018, 11, 2840
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102840
Very few thermodynamic models exist for estimation of density alteration due to solution of
CO2 in a pure H2O and CaCl2–H2O system. All of these models require density of CaCl2 solution to
estimate density of CaCl2–H2O–CO2 system. Similarly, models presented to calculate CaCl2 solution
density need pure H2O density in advance. The main approach to model density of CaCl2–H2O–CO2
system is based on estimation of density alteration of CaCl2–H2O system due to the solution of
CO2 mole fraction. Hence, to estimate CO2–CaCl2–H2O system density, density of CaCl2 solution is
necessary, and to estimate density of CaCl2–H2O system, density of pure H2O is required in advance.
Firstly in this paper, density of 0, 1.91, and 4.85 mol/kg CaCl2 solutions saturated with CO2 at 328.15
to 375.15 ◦K and 68.9 to 206.8 Bar were measured through laboratory experiments. Then, a new model
is developed to estimate the density of CaCl2 solutions containing CO2 based on the experiments
conducted in this study. The average and maximum absolute deviations of the new model from the
experimental data are 0.0047 and 0.0177, respectively. Hence, the new model combined with other
existing models to separately calculate density of the CaCl2 solution can be used to accurately predict
density of the CaCl2–H2O–CO2 system in a wide range of P-T applicable for subsurface reservoirs.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
chloride solution density
density measurement
density estimation
well stimulation
matrix acidizing
limestone reservoirs
Densities for Ternary System of CaCl2–H2O–CO2 at Elevated P-T: An Experimental and Modeling Approach
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3857/1/energies-11-02840-v2.pdf
File
MD5
c9a21627e696c15f4831377b491c4b7f
3564263
application/pdf
energies-11-02840-v2.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/3857/4/energies-11-02840-v2.pdf.txt
File
MD5
e1344662b7207638913ceba3af23a37f
66247
text/plain
energies-11-02840-v2.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/41372019-08-20T21:00:53Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Battalgazy, Nurassyl
author
Madani, Nasser
2019-08-20T04:56:27Z
2019-08-20T04:56:27Z
2018-11-19
Battalgazy, Nurassyl., Madani, Nasser (2018)Mineral Resource Assessment in Complex Ore Deposits based on International Standards. The Complex Orebodies conference.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4137
Geostatistical simulation has been widely used in mineral resource classification of metalliferous deposits based on international standards such as JORC code. However, the modeling process becomes challenging whenever the relationship among the variables of interest are complicated and cumbersome to model. This characteristic sometimes manifest itself in complex spatial and global cross-correlation measures, deeply depending on the formation and genesis of the deposit. The objective is then to generate the models that not only reproduces this significant characteristics, but also, it leads to better understanding of a mineral resource estimation and successive decision-makings. In this respect, there are different approaches taking into account the spatial correlation structures, for which it can be classified as independent simulation, co-simulation and factor-based methodologies....
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
geostatistical simulation
mineral resource
Mineral Resource Assessment in Complex Ore Deposits based on International Standards
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4137/1/Nurassyl_Brisbane_2018.pdf
File
MD5
62d7c0749656654bfacb683ca0403ca0
733685
application/pdf
Nurassyl_Brisbane_2018.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4137/4/Nurassyl_Brisbane_2018.pdf.txt
File
MD5
2228e977ebea8966e27929f43e39cb67
3
text/plain
Nurassyl_Brisbane_2018.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/41392019-08-20T21:01:02Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Abildin, Yerniyaz
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Topal, E.
2019-08-20T06:18:14Z
2019-08-20T06:18:14Z
2018-11-19
Abildin, Yerniyaz.,Madani, Nasser., Topal, E.(2018) Forecast the mineral processing destinations based on spatial interpolation of geometallurgical variables. Complex Orebodies Conference 2018
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4139
Mine planning is a crucial part of all mining industry projects, and nowadays, geometallurgical mapping through advanced computer technologies provides an opportunity to involve metallurgical responses of a deposit into 3D block model in order to optimise mine planning activities, especially for production forecasting. Including these metallurgical parameters apart from traditional geology and grade-based attributes into resource modelling leads to an extensive approximation for the economic maximisation of mine production due to better forecasting, planning and increasing certainty and the reliability of the resource model (Macfarlane and Williams, 2014). Commonly, geostatistical techniques and algorithms are used to produce models with the high resolution (Brissette et al. 2014; Deutsch et al. 2014; TolosanaDelgado et al. ...
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
geometallurgical variables
Forecast the mineral processing destinations based on spatial interpolation of geometallurgical variables
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4139/1/Yerniyaz_Brisbane_2018%28readable%29.pdf
File
MD5
03721350c79e9352b31cbf701f44ad63
504683
application/pdf
Yerniyaz_Brisbane_2018(readable).pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4139/4/Yerniyaz_Brisbane_2018%28readable%29.pdf.txt
File
MD5
03a116672d21b85d2b43797e845279cb
9464
text/plain
Yerniyaz_Brisbane_2018(readable).pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/41402019-08-20T21:01:05Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Battalgazy, Nurassyl
author
Madani, Nasser
2019-08-20T06:38:55Z
2019-08-20T06:38:55Z
2018
Nurassyl Battalgazy and Nasser Madani (2018) Probabilistic Domaining of Aluminum Areas in Iron Deposits. 25th World Mining Congress 2018. Proceedings. Geological Exploration: 17-26
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4140
Geostatistical modeling of Iron grade (Fe) in metalliferous deposits is a rationale stage in further analysis of mine design such as mine planning and mineral processing plant optimization. This procedure is becoming important in the case when Fe is controlled by a co-variable that impacts negatively or positively the mechanical characteristics of the steel production. For instance, AL2O3 in most of the iron deposits in a certain level of concentration is helpful to increase the mechanical properties of the steel and in some other level plays as a gangue material which leads to prolonging the mineral processing procedure. Therefore, its 3D modeling is as significant as spatial modeling of Iron, in which it can give the idea of spatial distribution for aluminous areas in a mineral deposit. Geostatistical simulation is a powerful tool that able the practitioners to come up with the uncertainty quantification and consequently the probabilistic description of those areas. ...
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Iron deposits
Aluminum
geostatistical modeling
co-simulation
Turning Band simulation
Probabilistic Domaining of Aluminum Areas in Iron Deposits
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4140/1/Nurassyl_WMC_2018.pdf
File
MD5
54a3813752321556823aeefe9a8c3dae
1530876
application/pdf
Nurassyl_WMC_2018.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4140/4/Nurassyl_WMC_2018.pdf.txt
File
MD5
9caef3b60da30f8b0e8ee1a5de5783eb
23226
text/plain
Nurassyl_WMC_2018.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/41412019-08-20T21:01:07Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Abildin, Yerniyaz
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Topal, Erkan
2019-08-20T06:47:14Z
2019-08-20T06:47:14Z
2018
Yerniyaz Abildin, Nasser Madani, Erkan Topal (2018) Geostatistical Modelling of Geometalurgical Variables Through Turning Bands Approach. 25th World Mining Congress 2018. Proceedings. Geological Exploration: 6-16
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4141
Geometallurgical variables have a significant impact in downstream activities of mining projects. Reliable 3D spatial modelling of these variables play an important role in mine planning and mineral processing, in which it can maximize overall viability of the project. This interdisciplinary paradigm involves geology, geostatistics, mineral processing and metallurgy, needs enhanced techniques to model these variables. In some circumstances, these geometallurgical responses demonstrate a good intrinsic correlation that motivates one to use co-estimation or cosimulation approaches. The latter allows to reproduce that dependency characteristic in the final model. Among others, total and soluble copper grades as two important geometallurgical variables in copper deposits show some complex interrelationship characteristics. The reason is that the total copper grade in the material processed by heap leaching is not in complete agreement with the expected recovered grade and one can see a significant variation in different oxide minerals. In such cases, the current approaches of probabilistic modelling such as independent simulation gives poor results. In this paper, turning band simulation methodology in combination with minimum/maximum autocorrelation factor (MAF) used to reproduce this kind of behaviour and compare with those results obtained from conventional co-simulation approach.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Geometallurgical modelling
geostatistics
multi-Gaussian distribution
co-simulation
turning bands
geomatallurgical variables
Geostatistical Modelling of Geometalurgical Variables Through Turning Bands Approach
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4141/1/Yerniyaz_WMC_2018.pdf
File
MD5
44c7a273da0f370e0c6a8cd1d0bf6445
1545933
application/pdf
Yerniyaz_WMC_2018.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4141/4/Yerniyaz_WMC_2018.pdf.txt
File
MD5
7e6388216dbdfe38112486ff666cc53a
25325
text/plain
Yerniyaz_WMC_2018.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/41472019-08-27T21:00:33Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Yagiz, S.
author
Adoko, A.C.
author
Battalgazy, Nurassyl
2019-08-27T03:46:01Z
2019-08-27T03:46:01Z
2018-08-06
N. Madani, S. Yagiz, A.C. Adoko, and N. Battalgazy (2018) Uncertainty Quantification of Rock Quality Designation at the Gazastan Phosphate Deposit. Geometallurgy Conference 2018, Back to the Future. Cape Town, 6-8 August 2018. The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: 207-219/
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4147
Several geomechanical variables reflect the characteristics of rock masses and in recent years have been considered as the geometallurgical responses in the mining industry. These variables have a great effect on the energy consumption and in further stages of mineral processing, impacting the throughput of the grinding circuit, metal recovery, and reagent consumption For instance, rock quality designation (RQD) is not only a very popular parameter used to define domains with excellent and poor physical properties, but can also be used to predict relative throughput rates in a SAG milling circuit. Geostatistical modelling of this regionalized variable is significant and nonlinear Geostatistics can be employed for the spatial quantification. In this study, the multi- Gaussian kriging approach is adopted as a nonlinear geostatistical technique for probabilistic domaining of RQD at unsampled locations at a phosphate deposit in Iran. The resulting estimates are checked thoroughly by cross-validation and can be used for defining the probable areas dominated by soft, moderate, and hard rocks applicable for mine design and mineral processing plant optimization...
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
rock quality designation
Gazestan phosphate deposit
Uncertainty quantification of rock quality designation at the Gazestan phosphate deposit
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4147/1/Nurassyl_Geometallurgy_2018_edit.pdf
File
MD5
68f694ffe24f7883563f5877fd685975
812854
application/pdf
Nurassyl_Geometallurgy_2018_edit.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4147/4/Nurassyl_Geometallurgy_2018_edit.pdf.txt
File
MD5
c055d2bbdd89f167342c58e7cc3d53cc
31599
text/plain
Nurassyl_Geometallurgy_2018_edit.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/41482019-08-27T21:00:51Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Magzumov, Zhanbolat
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Aldamzharov, Bekbolat
2019-08-27T04:18:58Z
2019-08-27T04:18:58Z
2018
Zhanbolat Magzumov, Nasser Madani, Bekbolat Aldamzharov (2018) Geostatistical Modelling of Gold Grades by Co-Kriging-Based Approach for Preserving the Outlying Values. 25th World Mining Congress 2018. Proceedings. Geological Exploration: 85-96
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4148
Geostatistical modeling of Gold grade (Au) is challenging since the presence of outliers makes the distribution long-tailed and impacts significantly the process of mineral resource evaluation, the mine design and financial optimization. Capping is a widely used technique consisting of truncating the data to some top-cut grade. However, this procedure is likely to omit the most important part of a deposit that probably is economically considerable. In this research, a co-kriging-based approach is applied in a gold deposit to preserve the upper quantile of the Au distribution while improving the precision of the estimation. The rationale of this idea is to divide the grade of Au into: truncated grade, a weighted indicator above the top-cut grade and a zero-mean
residual. After this decomposition, the co-kriging is able to jointly estimate the truncated grade and the indicator. The benefit of this approach is to provide unbiased grade estimation and choosing the optimum top cut value while avoiding the outlying values for spatial continuity calculation and implementing the spatial prediction.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Gold deposits
co-kriging
geostatistical modeling
geostatistics
open Pit mine design.
Research Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY::Civil engineering and architecture::Geoengineering and mining engineering::Mining engineering
Geostatistical Modelling of Gold Grades by Co-Kriging-Based Approach for Preserving the Outlying Values
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4148/1/Zhanbolat_WMC_2018.pdf
File
MD5
e25de0a556df726c060f9ca8762d4f36
1019956
application/pdf
Zhanbolat_WMC_2018.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4148/4/Zhanbolat_WMC_2018.pdf.txt
File
MD5
db716f0c26a44c2305896457d1f4cae0
15848
text/plain
Zhanbolat_WMC_2018.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/42772019-11-01T21:00:53Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Yapiyev, Vadim
author
Gilman, Charles P.
author
Kabdullayeva, Tolganay
author
Suleimenova, Akmaral
author
Shagadatova, Aizhan
author
Duisembay, Azat
author
Naizabekov, Sanzhar
author
Mussurova, Saule
author
Sydykova, Kamilya
author
Raimkulov, Ilyas
author
Kabimoldayev, Ilyas
author
Abdrakhmanova, Ainagul
author
Omarkulova, Symbat
author
Nurmukhambetov, Dastan
author
Kudarova, Aliya
author
Malgazhdar, Daniyar
author
Schönbach, Christian
author
Inglezakis, Vassilis
2019-11-01T05:38:56Z
2019-11-01T05:38:56Z
2018-11-13
Yapiyev, V., Gilman, C. P., Kabdullayeva, T., Suleimenova, A., Shagadatova, A., Duisembay, A., … Inglezakis, V. (2018). Top soil physical and chemical properties in Kazakhstan across a north-south gradient. Scientific Data, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.242
DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2018.242
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4277
Kazakhstan’s soil properties have yet to be comprehensively characterized. We sampled 40 sites consisting of ten major soil types at spring (wet) and late-summer (dry) seasons. The sample locations range from semi-arid to arid with an annual mean air temperature from 1.2 to 10.7 °C and annual precipitation from less than 200 to around 400 mm. Overall topsoil total (STC), organic (SOC), and inorganic (SIC) carbon did not change significantly between spring and late summer. STC and SOC show a wave like pattern from north to south with two maxima in northern and southern Kazakhstan and one minimum in central Kazakhstan. With a few exceptions SIC content at northern sites is generally low, whereas at Lake Balkhash SIC can exceed 75% of STC. Independent of the seasons, SOC significantly differed among soil types. Total nitrogen content distribution among our sampling sites followed a similar pattern as SOC with significant differences between soil types occurring in northern, central and southern Kazakhstan.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Soil
Geographic location
Area of emergent herbaceous wetland
Sampling site documentation
Soil moisture and bulk density
Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES
Top soil physical and chemical properties in Kazakhstan across a north-south gradient
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4277/1/Yapiyev+et+al.+-+2018+-+Top+soil+physical+and+chemical+properties+in+Kazakhstan+across+a+north-south+gradient.pdf
File
MD5
7e83adcd26e6e055edf63a5eeb1b5a8c
1697736
application/pdf
Yapiyev et al. - 2018 - Top soil physical and chemical properties in Kazakhstan across a north-south gradient.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4277/4/Yapiyev+et+al.+-+2018+-+Top+soil+physical+and+chemical+properties+in+Kazakhstan+across+a+north-south+gradient.pdf.txt
File
MD5
06440631b376b339e8bcf9ee6748861d
22943
text/plain
Yapiyev et al. - 2018 - Top soil physical and chemical properties in Kazakhstan across a north-south gradient.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/42782019-11-01T21:00:27Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Yapiyev, Vadim
author
Samarkhanov, Kanat
author
Tulegenova, Nazym
author
Jumassultanova, Saltanat
author
Verhoef, Anne
author
Saidaliyeva, Zarina
author
Umirov, Nursultan
author
Sagintayev, Zhanay
author
Namazbayeva, Assel
2019-11-01T05:39:06Z
2019-11-01T05:39:06Z
2019-01
Yapiyev, V., Samarkhanov, K., Tulegenova, N., Jumassultanova, S., Verhoef, A., Saidaliyeva, Z., … Namazbayeva, A. (2019). Estimation of water storage changes in small endorheic lakes in Northern Kazakhstan. Journal of Arid Environments, 160, 42–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2018.09.008
doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0045.v1
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4278
Both climate change and anthropogenic activities contribute to the deterioration of terrestrial water resources and ecosystems worldwide. Central Asian endorheic basins are among the most affected regions through both climate and human impacts. Here, we used a digital elevation model, digitized bathymetry maps and Landsat images to estimate the areal water cover extent and volumetric storage changes in small terminal lakes in Burabay National Nature Park (BNNP), located in Northern Central Asia (CA), for the period of 1986 to 2016. Based on the analysis of long-term climatic data from meteorological stations, short-term hydrometeorological network observations, gridded climate datasets (CRU) and global atmospheric reanalysis (ERA Interim), we have evaluated the impacts of historical climatic conditions on the water balance of BNNP lake catchments. We also discuss the future based on regional climate model projections. We attribute the overall decline of BNNP lakes to long-term deficit of water balance with lake evaporation loss exceeding precipitation inputs. Direct anthropogenic water abstraction has a minor importance in water balance. However, the changes in watersheds caused by the expansion of human settlements and roads disrupting water drainage may play a more significant role in lake water storage decline. More precise water resources assessment at the local scale will be facilitated by further development of freely available higher spatial resolution remote sensing products. In addition, the results of this work can be used for the development of lake/reservoir evaporation models driven by remote sensing and atmospheric reanalysis data without the direct use of ground observations.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
endorheic
lake
Central Asia
evaporation
semi-arid
climate change
Kazakhstan
regional climate model
Burabay
Estimation of water storage changes in small endorheic lakes in Northern Kazakhstan
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4278/1/1-s2.0-S0140196318318305-main.pdf
File
MD5
5342ce9eeddf70bb2eab931590e0f5b6
3713192
application/pdf
1-s2.0-S0140196318318305-main.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4278/4/1-s2.0-S0140196318318305-main.pdf.txt
File
MD5
5b320479fe763e5d12bbc04978e905af
74165
text/plain
1-s2.0-S0140196318318305-main.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/43442020-07-14T04:31:37Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Zivar, Davood
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
2019-12-11T04:21:38Z
2019-12-11T04:21:38Z
2019-02-20
Zivar, D., & Pourafshary, P. (2019). A new approach for predicting oil recovery factor during immiscible CO 2 flooding in sandstones using dimensionless numbers. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 1-8.
DOI: 10.1007/s13202-019-0630-0
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4344
CO2 injection is one of the most promising techniques to enhance oil recovery. The most favorable properties of CO2 made this method popular and it has been widely used since 1950. Experimentally, the effect of CO2 injection on incremental oil recovery is widely measured by the core-flooding approach. An accurate estimation of the recovery factor is required to analyze the performance of the method to design the enhanced oil recovery method successfully. Hence, knowledge of the effects of different parameters on recovery is essential. Various reported experimental CO2 core-flooding data for the immiscible condition in sandstones were analyzed to develop the parametric relationships affecting ultimate oil recovery using data analytics. Selected data support a wide range of porosity (10.8-37.2%), permeability (1-18000 mD), injection pressure (2.73-11.44 MPa), injection rate (0.1-1.0 cm(3)/min), and crude oil types, which enhance the methodology used to develop more comprehensive dimensionless numbers and correlations to predict the oil recovery. Series of new dimensionless numbers were defined and used for the study to develop a correlation for predicting oil recovery factor. Capillary number, relative radius, injection pressure ratio, and oil composition number are used as dimensionless numbers in our approach. The oil recovery prediction by the developed correlation was in agreement with the experimental data. The proposed correlation shows that capillary number is the most effective parameter when predicting oil recovery.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
A new approach for predicting oil recovery factor during immiscible CO2 flooding in sandstones using dimensionless numbers
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4344/1/Zivar-2019-A-new-approach-for-predicting-oil-r.pdf
File
MD5
0cb1b3be6c0e5c2ed39700f3a29922de
925374
application/pdf
Zivar-2019-A-new-approach-for-predicting-oil-r.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4344/4/Zivar-2019-A-new-approach-for-predicting-oil-r.pdf.txt
File
MD5
2e8de7735797cfa44612533e0a4ac357
31565
text/plain
Zivar-2019-A-new-approach-for-predicting-oil-r.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/43552019-12-11T21:02:17Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Alfazazi, Umar
author
AlAmeri, Waleed
author
Hashmet, Muhammad R.
2019-12-11T05:45:58Z
2019-12-11T05:45:58Z
2018-10-12
Alfazazi, U., AlAmeri, W., & Hashmet, M. R. (2018). Experimental investigation of polymer flooding with low-salinity preconditioning of high temperature–high-salinity carbonate reservoir. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 9(2), 1517–1530. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-018-0563-z
000466026400056
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4355
Application of polymer flooding in high temperature–high salinity (HTHS) carbonate reservoirs is challenging due to lack of polymers that can withstand such harsh reservoir conditions. The traditional polymers are usually sensitive to high salinity, especially at high temperature. However, injection of low-salinity make-up brines may precondition high-salinity reservoirs before initiating polymer flooding which may reduce chemical degradation of polymer. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide base polymer for mobility control application in a low-salinity preconditioned carbonate reservoir and hence on the improvement of oil recovery at HTHS carbonate reservoir. Core flooding experiments using unsteady-state technique were conducted on reservoir cores with permeability range of 10–100 mD. During each experiments, salinity of the make-up brines were changed to study the effect of preflush salinity and polymer flooding in HTHS reservoir. Oil production from water flooding for all the cases was found to be between 49 and 65%. Polymer helped to reduce the mobility ratio from 4.1 to less than 1 and additional 7–11% of oil was recovered from the remaining oil saturation after water flooding. Comparisons were also made between oil recovery results based on volumetric production and in situ saturation monitoring (ISSM) data, which were found to be matching. Additionally, the ISSM helped to understand the performances of fluids injected during oil recovery stages and captured front movement of the fluids at all time. Also, high capillary end effect was confirmed from the ISSM which may lead to underestimation of the oil recovery from water flooding in the absence of ISSM. Resistance factor and residual resistance factor were also calculated during all core flooding experiments and were found to be 7.0, 2.4, 36 and 3.7, 1.4, 8.9, respectively.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Polymer flooding
HPAM
IOR
X-ray scanning
In situ saturation monitoring
Carbonate reservoir
HTHS
Low salinity water flooding
Experimental investigation of polymer flooding with low-salinity preconditioning of high temperature–high-salinity carbonate reservoir
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4355/1/Experimental+investigation+of+polymer+flooding+with+low-salinity+preconditioning+of+high+temperature%E2%80%93high-salinity+carbonate+reservoir.pdf
File
MD5
e7c1522964bea8647a7b3ef504c96838
2488922
application/pdf
Experimental investigation of polymer flooding with low-salinity preconditioning of high temperature–high-salinity carbonate reservoir.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4355/4/Experimental+investigation+of+polymer+flooding+with+low-salinity+preconditioning+of+high+temperature%E2%80%93high-salinity+carbonate+reservoir.pdf.txt
File
MD5
269d1ae35f326ee7eb91b4a0cc3eee47
50654
text/plain
Experimental investigation of polymer flooding with low-salinity preconditioning of high temperature–high-salinity carbonate reservoir.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/43682019-12-11T21:03:26Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Armaghani, Danial Jahed
author
Koopialipoor, Mohammadreza
author
Marto, Aminaton
author
Yagiz, Saffet
2019-12-11T07:34:33Z
2019-12-11T07:34:33Z
2019-08
Armaghani, D. J., Koopialipoor, M., Marto, A., & Yagiz, S. (2019). Application of several optimization techniques for estimating TBM advance rate in granitic rocks. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 11(4), 779–789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2019.01.002
10.1016/j.jrmge.2019.01.002
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4368
This study aims to develop several optimization techniques for predicting advance rate of tunnel boring machine (TBM) in different weathered zones of granite. For this purpose, extensive field and laboratory studies have been conducted along the 12,649 m of the Pahang – Selangor raw water transfer tunnel in Malaysia. Rock properties consisting of uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), Brazilian tensile strength (BTS), rock mass rating (RMR), rock quality designation (RQD), quartz content (q) and weathered zone as well as machine specifications including thrust force and revolution per minute (RPM) were measured to establish comprehensive datasets for optimization. Accordingly, to estimate the advance rate of TBM, two new hybrid optimization techniques, i.e. an artificial neural network (ANN) combined with both imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), were developed for mechanical tunneling in granitic rocks. Further, the new hybrid optimization techniques were compared and the best one was chosen among them to be used for practice. To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed models for both testing and training datasets, various statistical indices including coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and variance account for (VAF) were utilized herein. The values of R2, RMSE, and VAF ranged in 0.939–0.961, 0.022–0.036, and 93.899–96.145, respectively, with the PSO-ANN hybrid technique demonstrating the best performance. It is concluded that both the optimization techniques, i.e. PSO-ANN and ICA-ANN, could be utilized for predicting the advance rate of TBMs; however, the PSO-ANN technique is superior.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Tunnel boring machines
TBMs
Advance rate
Hybrid optimization techniques
Particle swarm optimization
Imperialist competitive algorithm
ICA
PSO
Application of several optimization techniques for estimating TBM advance rate in granitic rocks
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4368/1/Application+of+several+optimization+techniques+for+estimating+TBM+advance+rate+in+granitic+rocks.pdf
File
MD5
f780c252b33b09182bddd194e0433a1a
2827507
application/pdf
Application of several optimization techniques for estimating TBM advance rate in granitic rocks.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4368/4/Application+of+several+optimization+techniques+for+estimating+TBM+advance+rate+in+granitic+rocks.pdf.txt
File
MD5
b530b7e5076e3f073c224ae36012daa2
55732
text/plain
Application of several optimization techniques for estimating TBM advance rate in granitic rocks.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/44382019-12-12T21:02:17Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Sedaghatzadeh, Mostafa
author
Shahbazi, Khalil
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Razavi, Seyed Ali
2019-12-12T08:31:34Z
2019-12-12T08:31:34Z
2019-08
Sedaghatzadeh, M., Shahbazi, K., Pourafshary, P., & Razavi, S. A. (2019). The effect of cations on gelation of cross-linked polymers. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 46(4), 826-832.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4438
The effects of different cation concentrations and types on rheological property and stability of Guar, Xanthan, and Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide (HPAM) cross-linked gels were analyzed through experiments. Also, a new approach was developed to reduce the negative effects of cation by application of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (MWCNTs). The presence of cations in cross-linked gel system will reduce the viscosity of gel, the higher the cation concentration is, the lower the viscosity will be. The bivalent cation has a greater viscosity reduction effect on gel than monovalent cation. The stability of cross-linked gels is worse with cations, this situation becomes more serious under higher salinity. MWCNTs were added to HPAM gel, cross-linked by (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), they surrounded cations and removed them from polymers and reduced the reaction possibility. This method enhances the viscosity and breakdown pressure of cross-linked gels, improves the stability of HPAM cross-linked gel under different operating conditions, and can be applied to related drilling projects.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
The effect of cations on gelation of cross-linked polymers
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4438/1/10.1016_S1876-3804%2819%2960241-7.pdf
File
MD5
8cdc8491f1dacb37c2edb9b8f5ca28c0
2002114
application/pdf
10.1016_S1876-3804(19)60241-7.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4438/4/10.1016_S1876-3804%2819%2960241-7.pdf.txt
File
MD5
7b96c2d3ec258fbcf2ff8dd6e395edc0
25251
text/plain
10.1016_S1876-3804(19)60241-7.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/44452019-12-12T21:03:11Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Salimidelshad, Yaser
author
Moradzadeh, Ali
author
Kazemzadeh, Ezatallah
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Majdi, Abbas
2019-12-12T08:54:57Z
2019-12-12T08:54:57Z
2019-06
SALIMIDELSHAD, Y., MORADZADEH, A., KAZEMZADEH, E., POURAFSHARY, P., & MAJDI, A. (2019). Experimental investigation of changes in petrophysical properties and structural deformation of carbonate reservoirs. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 46(3), 565-575.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4445
To examine the effect of pressure on pore structure and petrophysical properties of carbonate rock, the porosity, permeability, CT scanning, SEM and elastic wave velocity of two carbonate core plug samples from an oilfield in Southwest Iran were analyzed under cyclic pressure. One of the plugs was calcite and the other was dolomite with anhydrite nodules. The cyclic pressure exerted on the samples increased from 13.79 MPa to 27.58 MPa in six steps, and the variations in petrophysical properties of the two samples at different pressure loading and unloading steps were counted and analyzed. The results show that the calcite sample decreases in porosity and permeability with the increase of pressure, which is consistent with the results from compression and shear wave velocity tests. In the dolomite sample, the decreasing trend was not observed; fluctuations of compressive and shear velocities were observed during the loading stage, which may be due to different geometries of the pores and the porosity variation in the sample. Understanding the variation of carbonate petrophysical properties with pressure is helpful for optimizing reservoir development scheme.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Experimental investigation of changes in petrophysical properties and structural deformation of carbonate reservoirs
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4445/1/Salimidelshad-2019-Experimental-investigation-of-chang.pdf
File
MD5
8bc304027ede2c6f87e8918914bcc65c
4636674
application/pdf
Salimidelshad-2019-Experimental-investigation-of-chang.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4445/4/Salimidelshad-2019-Experimental-investigation-of-chang.pdf.txt
File
MD5
56869423c7753c8bbcf229dab5fc3530
40537
text/plain
Salimidelshad-2019-Experimental-investigation-of-chang.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/45032020-03-02T21:00:23Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Carranza, John
2020-03-02T06:24:56Z
2020-03-02T06:24:56Z
2020-02-01
Madani, N., Carranza, E.J.M. Co-simulated Size Number: An Elegant Novel Algorithm for Identification of Multivariate Geochemical Anomalies. Nat Resour Res 29, 13–40 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-019-09547-9
1520-7439
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4503
Identification of geochemical anomalies is of particular importance for tracing the footprints
of anomalies. This can be implemented by advanced techniques of exploratory data analysis,
such as fractal/multi-fractal approaches based on priori or posteriori distribution of geochemical
elements. The latter workflow involves analysis of 2D/3D produced maps, which
can be mostly obtained by geostatistical algorithms. There are two challenging issues for
such an analysis. The first one corresponds to handling the cross-correlation structures
among the data, and the second one relates to the compositional nature of data. To tackle
these problems, this paper investigates the application of Gaussian co-simulation for modeling
the cross-correlated compositional data in order to recognize the multivariate geochemical
anomalies in integration with fractal analysis. In this context, an innovative
algorithm, namely co-simulated size number (CoSS-N), is introduced for this purpose. The
compositional nature of data is addressed by additive log-ratio transformation of original
data while the Gaussian co-simulation handles the reproduction of cross-correlation among
the components. The co-simulated outputs are then taken into account for capturing different
geochemical populations, showing different levels of backgrounds and anomalies. The
algorithm is illustrated via a real case study located in Philippine wherever seven geochemical
components are required to be considered. The accuracy of results is examined by
statistical validation techniques, indicating the capability of the CoSS-N algorithm for
multivariate identification of geochemical anomalies.
en_US
CC0 1.0 Universal
Fractal/multi-fractal analysis, Turning bands co-simulation, Geostatistical analysis, Cosimulated size number, Compositional data.
Co-simulated Size Number: An Elegant Novel Algorithm for Identification of Multivariate Geochemical Anomalies
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4503/1/2020_NRR_Co-Simulated.pdf
File
MD5
0ba4202753be1f2dd61189ef7624258d
5022324
application/pdf
2020_NRR_Co-Simulated.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4503/4/2020_NRR_Co-Simulated.pdf.txt
File
MD5
cc208ec36df8cae5f12befa1dd71bc3e
85425
text/plain
2020_NRR_Co-Simulated.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/45392020-03-20T21:00:33Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Irawan, Sonny
author
Memon, Khalil Rehman
author
Khan, Javed
author
Abbas, Ghulam
2020-03-20T07:08:31Z
2020-03-20T07:08:31Z
2019-11-22
Abbas, G., Irawan, S., Memon, K.R. et al. Application of cellulose-based polymers in oil well cementing. J Petrol Explor Prod Technol 10, 319–325 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-019-00800-8
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-019-00800-8
Cellulose-based polymers have been successfully used in many areas of petroleum engineering especially in enhanced oil recovery drilling fluid, fracturing and cementing. This paper presents the application of cellulose-based polymer in oil well cementing. These polymers work as multifunctional additive in cement slurry that reduce the quantity of additives and lessen the operational cost of cementing operation. The viscosity of cellulose polymers such as hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) has been determined at various temperatures to evaluate the thermal degradation. Moreover, polymers are incorporated in cement slurry to evaluate the properties and affect in cement slurry at 90 °C. The API properties like rheology, free water separation, fluid loss and compressive strength of slurries with and without polymer have been determined at 90 °C. The experimental results showed that the viscosity of HPMC polymer was enhanced at 90 °C than other cellulose-based polymers. The comparative and experimental analyses showed that the implementation of cellulose-based polymers improves the API properties of cement slurry at 90 °C. The increased viscosity of these polymers showed high rheology that was adjusted by adding dispersant which optimizes the rheology of slurry. Further, improved API properties, i.e., zero free water separation, none sedimentation, less than 50 ml/30 min fluid loss and high compressive strength, were obtained through HEC, CMC and HPMC polymer. It is concluded that cellulose-based polymers are efficient and effective in cement slurry that work as multifunctional additive and improve API properties and cement durability. The cellulose-based polymers work as multifunctional additive that reduces the quantity of other additives in cement slurry and ultimately reduces the operational cost of cementing operation. The comparative analysis of this study opens the window for petroleum industry for proper selection of cellulose-based polymer in designing of cement slurry.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
API properties
Cellulose
Cementing
Polymer
Application of cellulose‑based polymers in oil well cementing
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4539/1/Abbas-2019-Application-of-cellulose-based-poly+%281%29.pdf
File
MD5
106eac5c833dfb15bdb85d0bd726bfec
949265
application/pdf
Abbas-2019-Application-of-cellulose-based-poly (1).pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4539/4/Abbas-2019-Application-of-cellulose-based-poly+%281%29.pdf.txt
File
MD5
05317f1bd152902e68123d4b776e4cb2
24143
text/plain
Abbas-2019-Application-of-cellulose-based-poly (1).pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/45422020-03-20T21:00:40Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Battalgazy, Nurassyl
author
Madani, Nasser
2020-03-20T10:01:08Z
2020-03-20T10:01:08Z
2019-11-04
Battalgazy, & Madani. (2019). Stochastic Modeling of Chemical Compounds in a Limestone Deposit by Unlocking the Complexity in Bivariate Relationships. Minerals, 9(11), 683. MDPI AG. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9110683
https://doi.org/10.3390/min9110683
Modeling multivariate variables with complexity in a cross-correlation structure is always applicable to mineral resource evaluation and exploration in multi-element deposits. However, the geostatistical algorithm for such modeling is usually challenging. In this respect, projection pursuit multivariate transform (PPMT), which can successfully handle the complexity of interest in bivariate relationships, may be particularly useful. This work presents an algorithm for combining projection pursuit multivariate transform (PPMT) with a conventional (co)-simulation technique where spatial dependency among variables can be defined by a linear model of co-regionalization (LMC). This algorithm is examined by one real case study in a limestone deposit in the south of Kazakhstan, in which four chemical compounds (CaO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, and SiO2) with complexity in bivariate relationships are analyzed and 100 realizations are produced for each variable. To show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, the outputs (realizations) are statistically examined and the results show that this methodology is legitimate for reproduction of original mean, variance, and complex cross-correlation among the variables and can be employed for further processes. Then, the applicability of the concept is demonstrated on a workflow to classify this limestone deposit as measured, indicated, or inferred based on Joint Ore Reserves Committee (JORC) code. The categorization is carried out based on two zone definitions, geological, and mining units.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
mineral resource classification
JORC code
limestone deposit
project pursuit multivariate transform
(co)-simulation
Stochastic Modeling of Chemical Compounds in a Limestone Deposit by Unlocking the Complexity in Bivariate Relationships
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4542/1/minerals-09-00683-v2.pdf
File
MD5
2f4b8e6deac0ef3796bbb0bad8be4d0d
15334445
application/pdf
minerals-09-00683-v2.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4542/4/minerals-09-00683-v2.pdf.txt
File
MD5
3c87673ef9551be0f985844079e5655e
59436
text/plain
minerals-09-00683-v2.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/45512020-03-26T21:00:46Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Mai, N. L.
author
Topal, Erkan
author
Erten, O.
2020-03-26T11:28:34Z
2020-03-26T11:28:34Z
2018-07-01
Mai, N. L., Topal, E., & Erten, O. (2018). A new open-pit mine planning optimization method using block aggregation and integer programming. Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 118(7), 705-714. https://doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/2018/v118n7a4
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4551
Mathematical programming has been applied to optimizing open pit mine planning problems since the early 1960s. Nonetheless, it still remains challenging to obtain a life-of-mine plan with current computational hardware and software, mostly because of the scale of the input data, which is generally in the form of mining blocks. To overcome this challenge, one common practice is to aggregate blocks into larger units before formulating and solving mine planning models. However, the majority of available block aggregation techniques ignore the slope relation between blocks or are simply not capable of controlling the number of aggregates generated. ....
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Integer programming
Large-scale optimization
Open pit mine planning
production scheduling
TopCone algorithm
A new open-pit mine planning optimization method using block aggregation and integer programming
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4551/1/optimization+method.pdf
File
MD5
5e9230a3a0d594589f938c8f288b885a
972907
application/pdf
optimization method.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4551/4/optimization+method.pdf.txt
File
MD5
799be6b531455380d89e4722e632ef26
34739
text/plain
optimization method.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/45692020-03-31T21:00:32Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Bastami, Alireza
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Shafiei, Ali
2020-03-31T06:30:19Z
2020-03-31T06:30:19Z
2018-10-20
Bastami, A.; Pourafshary, P.; Shafiei, A. Densities for Ternary System of CaCl2–H2O–CO2 at Elevated P-T: An Experimental and Modeling Approach. Energies 2018, 11, 2840.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4569
Very few thermodynamic models exist for estimation of density alteration due to solution of CO2 in a pure H2O and CaCl2–H2O system. All of these models require density of CaCl2 solution to estimate density of CaCl2–H2O–CO2 system. Similarly, models presented to calculate CaCl2 solution density need pure H2O density in advance. The main approach to model density of CaCl2–H2O–CO2 system is based on estimation of density alteration of CaCl2–H2O system due to the solution of CO2 mole fraction....
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
chloride solution density
density measurement
well stimulation
Densities for Ternary System of CaCl2–H2O–CO2 at Elevated P-T: An Experimental and Modeling Approach
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ Open Access - the content is available to the general public.
□ Restricted Access, the content is available only to NU Community. 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4569/1/energies-11-02840-v2.pdf
File
MD5
c9a21627e696c15f4831377b491c4b7f
3564263
application/pdf
energies-11-02840-v2.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4569/4/energies-11-02840-v2.pdf.txt
File
MD5
e1344662b7207638913ceba3af23a37f
66247
text/plain
energies-11-02840-v2.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/47732020-06-01T21:00:50Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Al-Abria, H
author
Mosavat, Nader
author
Al Hadhrami, H
2020-06-01T10:03:10Z
2020-06-01T10:03:10Z
2018-07-05
Al-Abri, H., Pourafshary, P., Mosavat, N., & Al Hadhrami, H. (2019). A study of the performance of the LSWA CO2 EOR technique on improvement of oil recovery in sandstones. Petroleum, 5(1), 58-66.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petlm.2018.07.003
Low salinity water is an emerging enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method that causes wettability alteration towards a favorable state to reduce residual oil saturation, while water alternating gas (WAG) is a proven EOR process that enhances oil recovery by controlling mobility of both water and gas. Therefore, combining the two EOR processes as low salinity water-alternating CO2 EOR injection (LSWA CO2) can further improve oil recovery by promoting the synergy of the mechanisms underlying these two methods.
Core flooding experiments, contact angle, interfacial tension (IFT), and CO2 solubility measurement in oil and brine were conducted to investigate the viability and performance of LSWA CO2 in sandstone reservoirs. A favorable wettability alteration, along with IFT reduction and mobility control, are the mechanisms that contribute to residual oil mobilization efficiencies during the LSWA CO2 EOR process. In addition, LSWA CO2 core flooding experiments result in a significant incremental oil recovery.
Three smart waters were tested in our research, to examine the impact of changing cationic composition on oil recovery. The solutions are designed brines as NaCl (SW1), MgCl2 (SW2), and KCl (SW3). Of the three solutions, SW1 yields the highest incremental oil recovery and highest IFT reduction. In addition, it results in a favorable wettability alteration towards a more water-wet state.
In all cases, introducing CO2 to the brine/oil system shows a great advantage in terms of enhancing wettability modification, promoting IFT reduction, and controlling the displacement front of the injected fluid through mobility control.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
A study of the performance of the LSWA CO2 EOR technique on improvement of oil recovery in sandstones
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4773/1/1-s2.0-S2405656118300592-main.pdf
File
MD5
6d643f4eac195625d6770f81c28073be
1464071
application/pdf
1-s2.0-S2405656118300592-main.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4773/4/1-s2.0-S2405656118300592-main.pdf.txt
File
MD5
3f257ea2e32fcd740d420a5f9701b2a3
41433
text/plain
1-s2.0-S2405656118300592-main.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/47922021-02-05T09:40:07Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Sekerbayeva, Aigerim
2020-06-15T10:09:41Z
2020-06-15T10:09:41Z
2020-04-15
Sekerbayeva, Aigerim (2020) Experimental Design of “Hybrid Low Salinity Water Flooding and Low Salinity Surfactant Flooding” Enhanced Oil Recovery Method. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4792
The objective of the current study is to design a novel hybrid enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method by combining low salinity water (LSW) and low salinity surfactant (LSS) flooding techniques. Alteration in salinity and ions composition of injected brine, type of surfactant, and concentration of surfactant affect the performance of the LSW/LSS approach. In this study, different experiments have been done to screen the smart water with altered ionic composition and surfactant for the optimized performance in conditions of Kazakhstani carbonate oil fields. Different experimental studies have been conducted to analyze the effect of engineered brines, prepared from the Caspian Seawater (SW) on wettability alteration, and the effect of surfactants on development of oil/water microemulsion phase. Contact angle measurements, stability tests, and phase behavior analysis were done to identify the most effective hybrid brine/surfactant formulation to affect capillary forces. Changing to more water-wet state and creation of the middle phase were the main criteria to select the best-engineered brine and anionic surfactant. The efficiency of the developed hybrid method as an EOR approach to displace oil was studied by coreflooding tests....
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
enhanced oil recovery method
Experimental Design of “Hybrid Low Salinity Water Flooding and Low Salinity Surfactant Flooding” Enhanced Oil Recovery Method
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4792/1/Aigerim_Sekerbayeva.pdf
File
MD5
1741c079dc7e85d40ea8a9e66a1eb51a
1537155
application/pdf
Aigerim_Sekerbayeva.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4792/4/Aigerim_Sekerbayeva.pdf.txt
File
MD5
339cfa7fac5c1235ee84b3a41aa16bda
113151
text/plain
Aigerim_Sekerbayeva.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/47932021-02-05T09:40:09Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Karimov, Damir
2020-06-15T10:21:28Z
2020-06-15T10:21:28Z
2020
Karimov, Damir (2020) OPTIMIZATION OF SMART WATER COMPOSITION FOR THE POTENTIAL SYNERGY WITH POLYMER FLOODING. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4793
Nowadays, different studies were conducted to design new methods to improve oil recovery efficiency. The study focuses on experimental work to evaluate synergy between low salinity water and polymer flooding in carbonate formations. The main objective of this thesis was to develop a hybrid method to enhance oil recovery by a possible combination of low salinity water and polymer flooding.....
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
smart water composition
polymer flooding
OPTIMIZATION OF SMART WATER COMPOSITION FOR THE POTENTIAL SYNERGY WITH POLYMER FLOODING
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4793/1/Damir+Karimov.pdf
File
MD5
eef9c0cb4edf403a69972f407cc37940
3566961
application/pdf
Damir Karimov.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4793/4/Damir+Karimov.pdf.txt
File
MD5
962c5a543a78441d87d3973ff9a3bcaa
114707
text/plain
Damir Karimov.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/47942021-02-05T09:40:12Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Sarsenova, Adel
2020-06-15T10:50:27Z
2020-06-15T10:50:27Z
2020
Sarsenova, Adel (2020) SIMULATION STUDY OF IMPROVING OIL RECOVERY BY POLYMER FLOODING IN A KAZAKHSTANI FIELD. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4794
Nowadays, different technologies, such as waterflooding, gas flooding, in-situ combustion and other technologies are implemented for improving oil recovery. Despite the fact that waterflooding is the most common method for pressure maintenance purposes and increasing oil production, utilizing this method, most of the oil remains unrecovered. This research is a simulation study aimed at improving oil recovery in a Kazakhstani field by implementing waterflooding and polymer flooding methods based on the data acquired from available literature. The field selected for this study is the mature oil field with a high of water cut and low recovery. At this stage of the production, in order to improve oil recovery, different IOR or EOR methods are needed. Since polymer flooding has the capability of increasing the water viscosity, controlling mobility of the water phase, and at the same time increasing volumetric sweep efficiency, it has been selected for the reservoir simulation.....
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
oil recovery
SIMULATION STUDY OF IMPROVING OIL RECOVERY BY POLYMER FLOODING IN A KAZAKHSTANI FIELD
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4794/1/open+access+Adel+Sarsenova.pdf
File
MD5
6435b970919b0627105d871c05955943
3961617
application/pdf
open access Adel Sarsenova.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4794/4/open+access+Adel+Sarsenova.pdf.txt
File
MD5
43af837d0d43b445a147b6cd7a47bce8
134985
text/plain
open access Adel Sarsenova.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/47952021-02-05T09:40:14Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Bazhanova, Meruyet
2020-06-15T10:56:08Z
2020-06-15T10:56:08Z
2020-04-15
Bazhanova, Meruyet (2020) RATE OF WETTABILITY ALTERATION BY CASPIAN SEA ENGINEERED WATER IN CARBONATE FORMATIONS. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4795
Most carbonate reservoirs in the Caspian Sea region are heterogeneous and oil wet. The
utilization of conventional water flooding does not usually result in significant incremental oil recoveries. Tuning the salinity and composition of the injecting fluid could alter the wettability towards the more water-wet state. The rate of alteration in crude oil-brine - carbonate rock (CBR) interactions such as wettability is a critical parameter to design the duration of the engineered water flooding for the field application....
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Caspian sea
RATE OF WETTABILITY ALTERATION BY CASPIAN SEA ENGINEERED WATER IN CARBONATE FORMATIONS
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4795/1/Thesis_Meruyet.pdf
File
MD5
7f628baf306113c3669f496f9e104222
4936308
application/pdf
Thesis_Meruyet.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4795/4/Thesis_Meruyet.pdf.txt
File
MD5
84b726ed8264c0fcd27409e68c07bb8a
112094
text/plain
Thesis_Meruyet.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/48202021-02-05T09:40:22Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Abdrakhmanov, Askhat
2020-06-30T10:51:09Z
2020-06-30T10:51:09Z
2020
Abdrakhmanov, Askhat (2020) Investigation of Thin Liquid Films during Low Salinity Waterflooding in Carbonates by using Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4820
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
waterflooding in carbonates
Investigation of Thin Liquid Films during Low Salinity Waterflooding in Carbonates by using Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4820/1/Askhat+Abdrakhmanov.pdf
File
MD5
730b8121b2110d7da591a1259f23638b
5056979
application/pdf
Askhat Abdrakhmanov.pdf
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/48212021-02-05T09:40:24Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Bakhytzhanova, Madina
2020-06-30T10:57:01Z
2020-06-30T10:57:01Z
2020
Bakhytzhanova, Madina (2020) Characterization of asphaltene from Kazakhstan crude oils. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4821
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
oil
Characterization of asphaltene from Kazakhstan crude oils
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4821/1/Madina+Bakhytzhanova.pdf
File
MD5
dc462b10a15529c3dd3537dbd9c18528
4057628
application/pdf
Madina Bakhytzhanova.pdf
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/48222021-02-05T09:40:27Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Yerkin, Medet
2020-06-30T11:00:46Z
2020-06-30T11:00:46Z
2020
Yerkin, Medet (2020) Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Clay Swelling during Low Salinity Waterflooding in Clay Rich Sandstone Reservoirs. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4822
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
molecular dynamics simulation
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Clay Swelling during Low Salinity Waterflooding in Clay Rich Sandstone Reservoirs
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4822/1/Medet+Yerkin.pdf
File
MD5
c6f6cce6e552b26335f935c83db65091
2152325
application/pdf
Medet Yerkin.pdf
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/48232021-02-05T09:40:29Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Seitmaganbetov, Nurzhan
2020-06-30T11:05:13Z
2020-06-30T11:05:13Z
2020
Seitmaganbetov, Nurzhan (2020) Thermodynamic Modelling of Asphaltene Phase Equilibria using PC-SAFT Equation of State. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4823
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Thermodynamic Modelling of Asphaltene Phase Equilibria using PC-SAFT Equation of State
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4823/1/Nurzhan+Seitmaganbetov.pdf
File
MD5
39ce0f8cb8497942e3b249b92705d431
3948317
application/pdf
Nurzhan Seitmaganbetov.pdf
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/48242021-02-05T09:40:32Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Sarbas, Zhambyl
2020-06-30T11:09:23Z
2020-06-30T11:09:23Z
2020
Sarbas, Zhambyl (2020) Numerical Simulation of Low Salinity Water Alternating CO2 Injection in Sandstone Reservoirs: A Hybrid EOR Approach. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4824
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Numerical Simulation of Low Salinity Water Alternating CO2 Injection in Sandstone Reservoirs: A Hybrid EOR Approach
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4824/1/Zhambyl+Sarbas.pdf
File
MD5
0bbc33e773fc364310f1bcf8b487b3c4
3067352
application/pdf
Zhambyl Sarbas.pdf
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/48252021-02-05T09:40:34Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Askar, Zhandos
2020-06-30T11:21:17Z
2020-06-30T11:21:17Z
2020
Askar, Zhandos (2020) Polymer screening for high temperature and high salinity at Carbonate Reservoirs. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/4825
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Polymer screening for high temperature and high salinity at Carbonate Reservoirs
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4825/1/Zhandos+Askar.pdf
File
MD5
75cf5d6f2cb878ef1eab357220c53fe7
2096841
application/pdf
Zhandos Askar.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/4825/4/Zhandos+Askar.pdf.txt
File
MD5
67f88d5d4511992fc11e6b27cc9c4e3f
83150
text/plain
Zhandos Askar.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/52192021-01-25T21:00:45Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Abbas, Azza Hashim
author
Elhag, Hani Hago
author
Sulaiman, Wan Rosli Wan
author
Gbadamosi, Afeez
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Ebrahimi, Shirin Shafei
author
Alqohaly, Osamah Yahya
author
Agi, Augustine
2021-01-25T04:20:05Z
2021-01-25T04:20:05Z
2021-01-03
Abbas, A.H., Elhag, H.H., Sulaiman, W.R.W. et al. Modelling of continuous surfactant flooding application for marginal oilfields: a case study of Bentiu reservoir. J Petrol Explor Prod Technol (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-020-01077-y
2190-0566
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13202-020-01077-y#citeas
Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a proven method to increase oil production from the brown fields. One of the efficient EOR methods is injecting surfactants to release the trapped oil. However, few unconsolidated behaviours were observed in both field and laboratory practice. In this study, a new framework was adapted to evaluate the continuous surfactant flooding (CSF) in Bentiu reservoir. The study aims to quantify the expected range of the oil production, recovery factor and residual oil saturation (Sor). The motivation came from the oil demand in Sudan and the insufficient cores. The framework adopted in the study includes numerical simulation modelling and proxy modelling. Thirty-six cores obtained from the field were revised and grouped into five main groups. The interfacial tension (IFT) data were obtained experimentally. The CSF sensitivity study was developed by combining different experimental design sets to generate the proxy model. The CSF numerical simulation results showed around 30% additional oil recovery compared to waterflooding and approximately oil production between (20–30) cm3. The generated proxy model extrapolated the results with concerning lower ranges of the input and showed an average P50 of oil production and recovery of 74% and 17 cm3, respectively. Overall, the performance of CSF remained beneficial in vast range of input. Moreover, the generated proxy model gave an insight on the complexity of the interrelationship between the input factors and the observants with a qualitative prospective factors. Yet, the results confirmed the applicability of CSF in core scale with an insight for field scale application.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Continuous surfactant fooding
Response surface method
Proxy models
Permeability
Porosity
Bentiu reservoir
Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES::Earth sciences
MODELLING OF CONTINUOUS SURFACTANT FLOODING APPLICATION FOR MARGINAL OILFIELDS: A CASE STUDY OF BENTIU RESERVOIR
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5219/1/Abbas2021_Article_ModellingOfContinuousSurfactan+%281%29.pdf
File
MD5
718a72ebbd4a21252db6b0e7c84c9da7
5547491
application/pdf
Abbas2021_Article_ModellingOfContinuousSurfactan (1).pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5219/4/Abbas2021_Article_ModellingOfContinuousSurfactan+%281%29.pdf.txt
File
MD5
1ba3a30db0233b651004e3490f0814b7
53144
text/plain
Abbas2021_Article_ModellingOfContinuousSurfactan (1).pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/52202021-01-25T21:00:19Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Zivar, Davood
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Moradpour, Nikoo
2021-01-25T04:20:56Z
2021-01-25T04:20:56Z
2021-01-02
Zivar, D., Pourafshary, P. & Moradpour, N. Capillary desaturation curve: does low salinity surfactant flooding significantly reduce the residual oil saturation?. J Petrol Explor Prod Technol (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-020-01074-1
2190-0566
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13202-020-01074-1
Different oil displacement experiments conducted on sandstone and carbonate samples show that low salinity water (LSW) injection can reduce the residual oil saturation (ROS). Recently, surfactant flooding (SF) in combination with low salinity water (known as low salinity surfactant (LSS) flooding) is proposed as a potentially promising hybrid enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process. A lower ROS is reported for a LSS process compared to that seen in SF or with LSW at the same capillary number. The capillary desaturation curve (CDC) is a well-known tool to study the effect of viscous and capillary forces on ROS for different EOR techniques. In this study, ROS data of various LSW, SF, and LSS flooding experiments at different capillary numbers are collected to develop a CDC to analyze the performance of the hybrid LSS method. This can help to analyze the effect of the hybrid method on an extra improvement in sweep efficiency and reduction in residual oil. A lower ROS is observed for LSS compared to LSW and SF in the same capillary number range. Our study shows different behaviors of the hybrid method at different ranges of capillary numbers. Three regions are identified based on the capillary number values. The difference in ROS is not significant in the first region (capillary number in the range of 10−7–10−5), which is not applicable in the presence of surfactant due to the low interfacial tension value. A significant reduction in ROS is observed in the second region (capillary number in the range of 10−5–10−2) for LSS compared to SF. This region is the most practical range for SF and LSS flooding. Hence, the application of LSS provides a noticeable benefit compared to normal EOR techniques. In the third region (capillary numbers greater than 10−2), where the surfactant flooding is a better performer, the difference in ROS is negligible.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Capillary desaturation curve
Low salinity water fooding
Surfactant fooding
Residual oil saturation
Capillary number
Low salinity surfactant fooding
Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES::Earth sciences
CAPILLARY DESATURATION CURVE: DOES LOW SALINITY SURFACTANT FLOODING SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE THE RESIDUAL OIL SATURATION?
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5220/1/Zivar2021_Article_CapillaryDesaturationCurveDoes.pdf
File
MD5
f31fe990ce549cc5c5d54dc2109baa53
923115
application/pdf
Zivar2021_Article_CapillaryDesaturationCurveDoes.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5220/4/Zivar2021_Article_CapillaryDesaturationCurveDoes.pdf.txt
File
MD5
c1669e33dd6d60cef917ffb19300a7e0
51430
text/plain
Zivar2021_Article_CapillaryDesaturationCurveDoes.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/52382021-01-27T21:00:33Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Muneer, Rizwan
author
Hashmet, M. Rehan
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
2021-01-27T03:23:42Z
2021-01-27T03:23:42Z
2020-12-02
Muneer, R., Hashmet, M. R., & Pourafshary, P. (2020). Fine Migration Control in Sandstones: Surface Force Analysis and Application of DLVO Theory. ACS Omega, 5(49), 31624–31639. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c03943
2470-1343
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.0c03943
Formation damage caused by fine migration and straining
is a well-documented phenomenon in sandstone reservoirs. Fine
migration and the associated permeability decline have been observed
in various experimental studies, and this phenomenon has been broadly
explained by the analysis of surface forces between fines and sand grains.
The Derjaguin−Landau−Verwey−Overbeek (DLVO) theory is a useful
tool to help understand and model the fine release, migration, and control
phenomena within porous media by quantifying the total interaction
energy of the fine−brine−rock (FBR) system. Fine migration is mainly
caused by changes in the attractive and repulsive surface forces, which are
triggered by mud invasion during drilling activity, the utilization of
completion fluid, acidizing treatment, and water injection into the
reservoir during secondary and tertiary recovery operations. Increasing pH
and decreasing water salinity collectively affect the attractive and repulsive
forces and, at a specific value of pH, and critical salt concentration (CSC), the total interaction energy of the FBR system (VT) shifts
from negative to positive, indicating the initiation of fine release. Maintaining the system pH, setting the salinity above the CSC,
tuning the ionic composition of injected water, and using nanoparticles (NPs) are practical options to control fine migration. DLVO
modeling elucidates the total interaction energy between fines and sand grains based on the calculation of surface forces of the
system. In this context, zeta potential is an important indicator of an increase or decrease in repulsive forces. Using available data,
two correlations have been developed to calculate the zeta potential for sandstone reservoirs in high- and low-salinity environments
and validated with experimental values. Based on surface force analysis, the CSC is predicted by the DLVO model; it is in close
agreement with the experimental value from the literature. The critical pH value is also estimated for alkaline flooding. Model results
confirm that the application of NPs and the presence of divalent ions increase the attractive force and help to mitigate the fine
migration problem. Hence, a new insight into the analysis of quantified surface forces is presented in current research work by the
practical application of the DLVO theory to model fine migration initiation under the influence of injection water chemistry.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES::Chemistry
Grain
Genetics
Colloidal particles
Ions
Interaction energies
FINE MIGRATION CONTROL IN SANDSTONES: SURFACE FORCE ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION OF DLVO THEORY
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5238/1/acsomega.0c03943.pdf
File
MD5
9d5f69549013031227de4f62c8f7b94f
5163180
application/pdf
acsomega.0c03943.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5238/4/acsomega.0c03943.pdf.txt
File
MD5
20022e73b927af7ab328893e0f3005c2
85201
text/plain
acsomega.0c03943.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/52452021-01-27T21:00:49Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Bayramov, Emil
author
Buchroithner, Manfred
author
Kada, Martin
2021-01-27T04:52:12Z
2021-01-27T04:52:12Z
2020-12-01
Bayramov, E., Buchroithner, M., & Kada, M. (2020). Radar Remote Sensing to Supplement Pipeline Surveillance Programs through Measurements of Surface Deformations and Identification of Geohazard Risks. Remote Sensing, 12(23), 3934. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12233934
2072-4292
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12233934
This research focused on the quantitative assessment of the surface deformation velocities
and rates and their natural and man-made controlling factors as the potential risks along the
seismically active 70 km section of buried oil and gas pipeline in Azerbaijan using Persistent Scatterer
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) and Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) remote sensing
analysis. Both techniques showed that the continuous subsidence was prevailing in the kilometer
range of 13–70 of pipelines crossing two seismic faults. The ground uplift deformations were observed
in the pipeline kilometer range of 0–13. Although both PS-InSAR and SBAS measurements were
highly consistent in deformation patterns and trends along pipelines, they showed differences in the
spatial distribution of ground deformation classes and noisiness of produced results. High dispersion
of PS-InSAR measurements caused low regression coefficients with SBAS for the entire pipeline
kilometer range of 0–70. SBAS showed better performance than PS-InSAR along buried petroleum
and gas pipelines in the following aspects: the complete coverage of the measured points, significantly
lower dispersion of the results, continuous and realistic measurements and higher accuracy of
ground deformation rates against the GPS historical measurements. As a primary factor of ground
deformations, the influence of tectonic movements was observed in the wide scale analysis along
70 km long and 10 km wide section of petroleum and gas pipelines; however, the largest subsidence
rates were observed in the areas of agricultural activities which accelerate the deformation rates
caused by the tectonic processes. The diverse spatial distribution and variation of ground movement
processes along pipelines demonstrated that general geological and geotechnical understanding of
the study area is not sufficient to find and mitigate all the critical sites of subsidence and uplifts for
the pipeline operators. This means that both techniques outlined in this paper provide a significant
improvement for ground deformation monitoring or can significantly contribute to the assessment of
geohazards and preventative countermeasures along petroleum and gas pipelines.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
PS-InSAR
SBAS
remote sensing
geospatial
pipelines
oil and gas
radar
interferometry
Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES
RADAR REMOTE SENSING TO SUPPLEMENT PIPELINE SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMS THROUGH MEASUREMENTS OF SURFACE DEFORMATIONS AND IDENTIFICATION OF GEOHAZARD RISKS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5245/1/remotesensing-12-03934-v2.pdf
File
MD5
a683eac5673550d448f2334b5e675d7d
43513429
application/pdf
remotesensing-12-03934-v2.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5245/4/remotesensing-12-03934-v2.pdf.txt
File
MD5
1945971743b0fdcbe2af959db1066527
102137
text/plain
remotesensing-12-03934-v2.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/53092021-02-13T21:00:31Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Javad Nazarahari, Mohammad
author
Khaksar Manshad, Abbas
author
Moradi, Siyamak
author
Shafiei, Ali
author
Abdulazez Ali, Jagar
author
Sajadi, S. Mohammad
author
Keshavarz, Alireza
2021-02-12T09:51:17Z
2021-02-12T09:51:17Z
2020-11-17
Javad Nazarahari, M., Khaksar Manshad, A., Moradi, S., Shafiei, A., Abdulazez Ali, J., Sajadi, S., & Keshavarz, A. (2020). Synthesis, Characterization, and Assessment of a CeO2@Nanoclay Nanocomposite for Enhanced Oil Recovery. Nanomaterials, 10(11), 2280. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10112280
2079-4991
https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10112280
In this paper, synthesis and characterization of a novel CeO2/nanoclay nanocomposite (NC) and its effects on IFT reduction and wettability alteration is reported in the literature for the first time. The NC was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and EDS MAP. The surface morphology, crystalline phases, and functional groups of the novel NC were investigated. Nanofluids with different concentrations of 100, 250, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 ppm were prepared and used as dispersants in porous media. The stability, pH, conductivity, IFT, and wettability alternation characteristics of the prepared nanofluids were examined to find out the optimum concentration for the selected carbonate and sandstone reservoir rocks. Conductivity and zeta potential measurements showed that a nanofluid with concentration of 500 ppm can reduce the IFT from 35 mN/m to 17 mN/m (48.5% reduction) and alter the contact angle of the tested carbonate and sandstone reservoir rock samples from 139° to 53° (38% improvement in wettability alteration) and 123° to 90° (27% improvement in wettability alteration), respectively. A cubic fluorite structure was identified for CeO2 using the standard XRD data. FESEM revealed that the surface morphology of the NC has a layer sheet morphology of CeO2/SiO2 nanocomposite and the particle sizes are approximately 20 to 26 nm. TGA analysis results shows that the novel NC has a high stability at 90 °C which is a typical upper bound temperature in petroleum reservoirs. Zeta potential peaks at concentration of 500 ppm which is a sign of stabilty of the nanofluid. The results of this study can be used in design of optimum yet effective EOR schemes for both carbobate and sandstone petroleum reservoirs.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
clay nanocomposite
enhanced oil recovery
nanocomposite
synthesis
characterization
nanofluid
interfacial tension
wettability alteration
carbonate reservoirs
sandstone reservoirs
Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND ASSESSMENT OF A CEO2@NANOCLAY NANOCOMPOSITE FOR ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5309/1/nanomaterials-10-02280.pdf
File
MD5
56c53040284e54395a0e6d70e7fae6bd
11605175
application/pdf
nanomaterials-10-02280.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5309/4/nanomaterials-10-02280.pdf.txt
File
MD5
4ad8e1bfcd350be8cb1c593607864ae7
115683
text/plain
nanomaterials-10-02280.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/53662021-04-15T21:00:53Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Abulkhair, Sultan
2021-04-15T06:33:23Z
2021-04-15T06:33:23Z
2020-07
Madani, N., & Abulkhair, S. (2020). A hierarchical cosimulation algorithm integrated with an acceptance–rejection method for the geostatistical modeling of variables with inequality constraints. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 34(10), 1559–1589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-020-01838-5
1436-3240
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00477-020-01838-5
This work addresses the problem of the cosimulation of cross-correlated variables with inequality constraints. A hierarchical sequential Gaussian cosimulation algorithm is proposed to address this problem, based on establishing a multicollocated cokriging paradigm; the integration of this algorithm with the acceptance–rejection sampling technique entails
that the simulated values first reproduce the bivariate inequality constraint between the variables and then reproduce the
original statistical parameters, such as the global distribution and variogram. In addition, a robust regression analysis is
developed to derive the coefficients of the linear function that introduces the desired inequality constraint. The proposed
algorithm is applied to cosimulate Silica and Iron in an Iron deposit, where the two variables exhibit different marginal
distributions and a sharp inequality constraint in the bivariate relation. To investigate the benefits of the proposed approach,
the Silica and Iron are cosimulated by other cosimulation algorithms, and the results are compared. It is shown that
conventional cosimulation approaches are not able to take into account and reproduce the linearity constraint characteristics, which are part of the nature of the dataset. In contrast, the proposed hierarchical cosimulation algorithm perfectly
reproduces these complex characteristics and is more suited to the actual dataset.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Acceptance–rejection sampling
Iron deposit
Multivariate geostatistics
Inequality constraint
Cosimulation
Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES
A HIERARCHICAL COSIMULATION ALGORITHM INTEGRATED WITH AN ACCEPTANCE– REJECTION METHOD FOR THE GEOSTATISTICAL MODELING OF VARIABLES WITH INEQUALITY CONSTRAINTS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5366/1/Madani-Abulkhair2020_Article_AHierarchicalCosimulationAlgor.pdf
File
MD5
0676f0db5873939b61aab904bbc9f2d8
5363931
application/pdf
Madani-Abulkhair2020_Article_AHierarchicalCosimulationAlgor.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5366/4/Madani-Abulkhair2020_Article_AHierarchicalCosimulationAlgor.pdf.txt
File
MD5
6a14f652d38927f3d285b67b2bd5cf3a
107725
text/plain
Madani-Abulkhair2020_Article_AHierarchicalCosimulationAlgor.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/53672021-04-15T21:00:19Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Rezende, Júlia R.
author
Oldenburg, Thomas B. P.
author
Korin, Tetyana
author
Richardson, William D. L.
author
Fustic, Milovan
author
Aitken, Carolyn M.
author
Bowler, Bernard F. J.
author
Sherry, Angela
author
Grigoryan, Alexander
author
Voordouw, Gerrit
author
Larter, Stephen R.
author
Head, Ian M.
author
Hubert, Casey R. J.
2021-04-15T06:33:24Z
2021-04-15T06:33:24Z
2020-03
Rezende, J. R., Oldenburg, T. B. P., Korin, T., Richardson, W. D. L., Fustic, M., Aitken, C. M., Bowler, B. F. J., Sherry, A., Grigoryan, A., Voordouw, G., Larter, S. R., Head, I. M., & Hubert, C. R. J. (2020). Anaerobic microbial communities and their potential for bioenergy production in heavily biodegraded petroleum reservoirs. Environmental Microbiology, 22(8), 3049–3065. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.14995
1462-2912
https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.14995
Most of the oil in low temperature, non‐uplifted reservoirs is biodegraded due to millions of years of microbial activity, including via methanogenesis from crude oil. To evaluate stimulating additional methanogenesis in already heavily biodegraded oil reservoirs, oil sands samples were amended with nutrients and electron acceptors, but oil sands bitumen was the only organic substrate. Methane production was monitored for over 3000 days. Methanogenesis was observed in duplicate microcosms that were unamended, amended with sulfate or that were initially oxic, however methanogenesis was not observed in nitrate‐amended controls. The highest rate of methane production was 0.15 μmol CH4 g−1 oil d−1, orders of magnitude lower than other reports of methanogenesis from lighter crude oils. Methanogenic Archaea and several potential syntrophic bacterial partners were detected following the incubations. GC–MS and FTICR–MS revealed no significant bitumen alteration for any specific compound or compound class, suggesting that the very slow methanogenesis observed was coupled to bitumen biodegradation in an unspecific manner. After 3000 days, methanogenic communities were amended with benzoate resulting in methanogenesis rates that were 110‐fold greater. This suggests that oil‐to‐methane conversion is limited by the recalcitrant nature of oil sands bitumen, not the microbial communities resident in heavy oil reservoirs.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
anaerobic microbial
heavily biodegraded petroleum reservoirs
bioenergy production
methanogenesis
Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES
ANAEROBIC MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES AND THEIR POTENTIAL FOR BIOENERGY PRODUCTION IN HEAVILY BIODEGRADED PETROLEUM RESERVOIRS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5367/1/1462-2920.14995.pdf
File
MD5
91e8b54c16c73b42f70677c6e3421d54
1104976
application/pdf
1462-2920.14995.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5367/4/1462-2920.14995.pdf.txt
File
MD5
66769636dc55e0e88da607688f331712
81613
text/plain
1462-2920.14995.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/54022021-05-17T21:00:49Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Samanova, Aida
2021-05-17T07:29:35Z
2021-05-17T07:29:35Z
2021-04
Samanova, Aida (2021) Surfactant/LSW Flooding in Carbonates: An Investigation of Hybrid EOR Method Design To Improve Oil Displacement .Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5402
Carbonate reservoirs account for over 50% of the world’s conventional hydrocarbon reserves. Waterflooding is considered as principle IOR method in carbonates, worldwide. However, the performance of conventional waterflooding needs to be improved, concerning reservoir features. Experimental studies indicate that the efficiency of the waterflooding depends on several properties of injected water, such as ionic composition and salinity. Low-salinity waterflooding (LSWF) is a relatively recent proposed EOR technique that reduces residual oil saturation by changing the wettability to water-wet features and destabilizing oil layers. The underlying mechanisms behind surfactant injection are the abatement of interfacial tension (IFT) between crude oil and brine, wettability alteration, and an increase in the capillary number. Previous studies proved that LSWF with the combination of chemical EOR provides higher incremental oil recovery than either individual technique. Loss of surfactant due to adsorption is considered as an unfavorable phenomenon during flooding which is also affected by the application of the hybrid method....
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Embargo
SURFACTANT/LSW FLOODING IN CARBONATES: AN INVESTIGATION OF HYBRID EOR METHOD DESIGN TO IMPROVE OIL DISPLACEMENT
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5402/1/MSc+Thesis_Aida_Samanova_final.pdf
File
MD5
16a092d31183b9dda2cbcdc84ec77e78
2808656
application/pdf
MSc Thesis_Aida_Samanova_final.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5402/4/MSc+Thesis_Aida_Samanova_final.pdf.txt
File
MD5
356b876d6d0a24dab7c3b2f709b04717
121507
text/plain
MSc Thesis_Aida_Samanova_final.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/54062021-05-17T21:00:55Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Ishanov, Akzhol
2021-05-17T09:30:26Z
2021-05-17T09:30:26Z
2021-05-03
Ishanov, Akzhol (2021) The application of capacitance-resistance model to analyze low salinity water flooding. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5406
One of the most applied Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery (CEOR) techniques is polymer flooding, which uses polymer solutions to increase the viscosity of the displacing water and enhance mobility control and sweep efficiency. Polymer flooding can be applied in mature oilfields, which already undergo secondary recovery with a gradual decrease in production. One such reservoir is the Uzen field, which is located in the western part of Kazakhstan. The Uzen field is one of the largest and oldest oilfields in the whole country and an increase in its oil production might be crucial to satisfy growing energy demand. ...
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Embargo
Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery
THE APPLICATION OF CAPACITANCE-RESISTANCE MODEL TO ANALYZE LOW SALINITY WATER FLOODING
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5406/1/Ilyas_Bekpayev_Thesis_The+Corrected+Version.pdf
File
MD5
5158f610166bd1dd6a11e8bedc98b05b
3644082
application/pdf
Ilyas_Bekpayev_Thesis_The Corrected Version.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5406/4/Ilyas_Bekpayev_Thesis_The+Corrected+Version.pdf.txt
File
MD5
53fb0c442cb08cb1f84733a98a07117c
123847
text/plain
Ilyas_Bekpayev_Thesis_The Corrected Version.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/54082021-05-17T21:00:48Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Zhangaliyev, Medet
2021-05-17T09:41:58Z
2021-05-17T09:41:58Z
2021-05-07
Zhangaliyev, Medet (2021) Laboratory investigation of nano-assisted polymer solution for EOR applications in carbonate reservoirs. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5408
Currently, there have been a surge in evaluating effectiveness of various hybrid enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods as it combines benefits of standalone processes. This study focuses on laboratory investigation to evaluate synergy between polymer and nanoparticles (NP), as their combination can alter capillary and viscous forces simultaneously....
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
absorbance
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION OF NANO-ASSISTED POLYMER SOLUTION FOR EOR APPLICATIONS IN CARBONATE RESERVOIRS
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5408/1/MSc+Thesis+2021.+Medet+Zhangaliyev.pdf
File
MD5
e1a2c182e63710dbd8e0fafa82c3f275
3661322
application/pdf
MSc Thesis 2021. Medet Zhangaliyev.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5408/4/MSc+Thesis+2021.+Medet+Zhangaliyev.pdf.txt
File
MD5
6a4593057c42e35fb204ea1adf79ac04
129925
text/plain
MSc Thesis 2021. Medet Zhangaliyev.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/54102021-05-17T21:00:46Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Kushekov, Ruslan
2021-05-17T09:54:19Z
2021-05-17T09:54:19Z
2021-05-03
Kushekov, Ruslan (2021) Static Adsorption and Dynamic Retention of Polyacrylamides in Sandstone Reservoir Reservoir of Uzen field. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5410
In the context of the ending lifetime of the fields and unstable oil prices, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) methods are particularly relevant. After primary recovery, waterflooding is the most common and economical practice to improve the oil recovery factor. At the current time, around 35% of the global average oil recovery factor is associated with waterflooding. However, the heterogeneity of formations and a great distinction between water and oil viscosities lead to fingering of the injected water leaving a large amount of oil untouched in the reservoir. According to estimation studies, around 7000 billion barrels of crude oil are remaining as residual oil after the secondary recovery phase....
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Embargo
enhanced oil recovery method
STATIC ADSORPTION AND DYNAMIC RETENTION OF POLYACRYLAMIDES IN SANDSTONE RESERVOIR RESERVOIR OF UZEN FIELD
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5410/1/MSc+Thesis+Ruslan+Kushekov.pdf
File
MD5
cb7f9805b0b97728646b79ebfed214a9
2253413
application/pdf
MSc Thesis Ruslan Kushekov.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5410/4/MSc+Thesis+Ruslan+Kushekov.pdf.txt
File
MD5
f983c5e3a9926470557bfecff1a5b7e6
98212
text/plain
MSc Thesis Ruslan Kushekov.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/54112021-05-17T21:00:58Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Abulkhair, Sultan
2021-05-17T10:03:53Z
2021-05-17T10:03:53Z
2021-05-01
Abulkhair, Sultan (2021) A Novel Approach for Geostatistical Modeling and Production Scheduling of Iron Deposits with Inequality Constraints. Nazarbayev University School of Mining and Geosciences.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5411
The modern mining industry employs plenty of exploration data digitization and utilizes
computational resources for future forecasting and production scheduling. In that regard,
geostatistics and mine planning as disciplines are critical parts of the mining business. However, traditional mine planning does not allow the risk management associated with geological uncertainty due to using a single mineral resource model as an input. Integration of stochastic geostatistical realizations into mine planning can help to minimize the risk of not meeting the production targets. Nevertheless, there are still many limitations in commercially used stochastic geostatistical algorithms, particularly multivariate methods. For example, it is common to deal with challenging datasets containing bivariate complexities among variables, such as inequality constraints.....
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Embargo
A NOVEL APPROACH FOR GEOSTATISTICAL MODELING AND PRODUCTION SCHEDULING OF IRON DEPOSITS WITH INEQUALITY CONSTRAINTS
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5411/1/MSc_Thesis_Sultan+Abulkhair.pdf
File
MD5
aa06f83079b846c342427e7effefdcb3
3912377
application/pdf
MSc_Thesis_Sultan Abulkhair.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5411/4/MSc_Thesis_Sultan+Abulkhair.pdf.txt
File
MD5
5e3881d2442c54a8a4658b845a5ad932
133833
text/plain
MSc_Thesis_Sultan Abulkhair.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/55322021-07-08T21:00:35Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Bayramov, Emil
author
Buchroithner, Manfred
author
Kada, Martin
2021-07-08T07:50:35Z
2021-07-08T07:50:35Z
2020-12-07
Bayramov, E., Buchroithner, M., & Kada, M. (2020). Quantitative assessment of ground deformations for the risk management of petroleum and gas pipelines using radar interferometry. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 11(1), 2540–2568. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2020.1853611
1947-5705
https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2020.1853611
The primary objective of these studies was to quantitatively assess the ground deformation velocities and rates and their natural and man-made controlling factors as the potential risks along the seismically active 70 km section of buried Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Oil, South Caucasus Gas, Western Route Oil and South Caucasus Pipeline Expansion Gas pipelines in Azerbaijan using Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) technique.
PS-InSAR analysis showed that the continuous subsidence was prevailing in the kilometer range of 13-70 of pipelines crossing two active seismic faults. The ground uplift deformations were observed in the pipeline kilometer range of 0-13. The minimum and maximum vertical ground movement velocities were observed to be −21.3 mm/y and 14.1 mm/y along 70 km section of pipelines with 250 m buffer zone. Both of these sites were observed at the range of seismic faults. The spatial distribution of sites with ground deformation velocity less than −15 mm/y and more than 15 mm/y was diverse and random all along 70 km of pipelines without any cumulative spatial patterns.
Based on the lower mean, variation and standard deviation of pixel values, the seismic fault in the kilometer range of 21-31 revealed its higher vulnerability to subsidence processes rather than the Seismic Fault in the kilometer range of 46-54. The ground deformation velocities within the range of Seismic Fault KP21-31 revealed the minimum and maximum values of −19.74 mm/y and 14.1 mm/y, respectively whereas at the Seismic Fault KP46-54, the minimum and maximum values were −17.07 mm/y and 9.29 mm/y, respectively.
Encouraging level of agreement with the regression coefficients of 0.92 and 0.96 for known subsiding sites at KP28 + 500 and KP52 + 750 and 0.97 and 0.96 for known uplifting sites at KP04 + 900 and KP35 + 050 respectively was observed between the high-precision GPS and PS-InSAR measurements.
The diverse spatial distribution and variation of ground movement processes along pipelines demonstrated that general geological and geotechnical understanding of the study area is not sufficient to find and mitigate all the critical sites of subsidence and uplifts for the pipeline operators. The prediction of the potential subsidence or uplift locations based on the field visual verifications holds a lot of uncertainties without broad and detailed scale airborne and satellite space observation technologies. The justification of the budget for the geotechnical maintenance activities along long-range oil and gas pipelines requires sophisticated prioritization and planning of the remediation sites and clear quantitative and qualitative risk assessment proving the activeness of these sites and effectiveness of the remediation measures. This means that the PS-InSAR – based approach outlined in this paper is a significant improvement over current ground-based monitoring practices or can significantly contribute them in the initial phase of risk assessment and prioritization.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
PS-InSAR
remote sensing
geospatial
pipelines
oil and gas
radar
interferometry
OBIA
machine learning
Type of access: Open Access
QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF GROUND DEFORMATIONS FOR THE RISK MANAGEMENT OF PETROLEUM AND GAS PIPELINES USING RADAR INTERFEROMETRY
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5532/1/Article+21.pdf
File
MD5
88d21c1ca1284d4b856a2c0857988eb9
8534914
application/pdf
Article 21.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5532/4/Article+21.pdf.txt
File
MD5
26358a0d4709f9fb7680ec6f3bade517
67723
text/plain
Article 21.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/55522021-07-09T21:00:32Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Shakeel, Mariam
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Rehan Hashmet, Muhammad
2021-07-09T10:23:11Z
2021-07-09T10:23:11Z
2020-09-02
Shakeel, M., Pourafshary, P., & Rehan Hashmet, M. (2020). Hybrid Engineered Water–Polymer Flooding in Carbonates: A Review of Mechanisms and Case Studies. Applied Sciences, 10(17), 6087. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10176087
2076-3417
https://doi.org/10.3390/app10176087
The fast depletion of oil reserves has steered the petroleum industry towards developing
novel and cost-effective enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques in order to get the most out of
reservoirs. Engineered water–polymer flooding (EWPF) is an emerging hybrid EOR technology that
uses the synergetic effects of engineered water (EW) and polymers to enhance both the microscopic
and macroscopic sweep efficiencies, which mainly results from: (1) the low-salinity effect and the
presence of active ions in EW, which help in detachment of carboxylic oil material from the rock
surface, wettability alteration, and reduction in the residual oil saturation; (2) the favorable mobility
ratio resulting from the use of a polymer; and (3) the improved thermal and salinity resistance of
polymers in EW. Various underlying mechanisms have been proposed in the literature for EW EOR
effects in carbonates, but the main driving factors still need to be understood properly. Both polymer
flooding (PF) and EW have associated merits and demerits. However, the demerits of each can be
overcome by combining the two methods, known as hybrid EWPF. This hybrid technique has been
experimentally investigated for both sandstone and carbonate reservoirs by various researchers.
Most of the studies have shown the synergistic benefits of the hybrid method in terms of two- to
four-fold decreases in the polymer adsorption, leading to 30–50% reductions in polymer consumption,
making the project economically viable for carbonates. EWPF has resulted in 20–30% extra oil recovery
in various carbonate coreflood experiments compared to high-salinity water flooding. This review
presents insights into the use of hybrid EWPF for carbonates, the main recovery driving factors in the
hybrid process, the advantages and limitations of this method, and some areas requiring further work.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
hybrid engineered water
low salinity
polymer
surfactant
wettability
interfacial tension
mobility ratio
carbonates
Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES
Type of access: Open Access
HYBRID ENGINEERED WATER–POLYMER FLOODING IN CARBONATES: A REVIEW OF MECHANISMS AND CASE STUDIES
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5552/1/Article+26.pdf
File
MD5
9e9fd83f049a2c8c31ca330a44209b86
6096722
application/pdf
Article 26.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5552/4/Article+26.pdf.txt
File
MD5
e081a2411052b8080583d09b087d779e
158371
text/plain
Article 26.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/55592021-07-12T21:00:43Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Khan, Javed Akbar
author
Irfan, Muhammad
author
Irawan, Sonny
author
Yao, Fong Kam
author
Abdul Rahaman, Md Shokor
author
Shahari, Ahmad Radzi
author
Glowacz, Adam
author
Zeb, Nazia
2021-07-12T04:20:25Z
2021-07-12T04:20:25Z
2020-07-17
Khan, J. A., Irfan, M., Irawan, S., Yao, F. K., Abdul Rahaman, M. S., Shahari, A. R., Glowacz, A., & Zeb, N. (2020). Comparison of Machine Learning Classifiers for Accurate Prediction of Real-Time Stuck Pipe Incidents. Energies, 13(14), 3683. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13143683
1996-1073
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/14/3683
Stuck pipe incidents are one of the contributors to non-productive time (NPT), where they can result in a higher well cost. This research investigates the feasibility of applying machine learning to predict events of stuck pipes during drilling operations in petroleum fields. The predictive model aims to predict the occurrence of stuck pipes so that relevant drilling operation personnel are warned to enact a mitigation plan to prevent stuck pipes. Two machine learning methodologies were studied in this research, namely, the artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM). A total of 268 data sets were successfully collected through data extraction for the well drilling operation. The data also consist of the parameters with which the stuck pipes occurred during the drilling operations. These drilling parameters include information such as the properties of the drilling fluid, bottom-hole assembly (BHA) specification, state of the bore-hole and operating conditions. The R programming software was used to construct both the ANN and SVM machine learning models. The prediction performance of the machine learning models was evaluated in terms of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. Sensitivity analysis was conducted on these two machine learning models. For the ANN, two activation functions—namely, the logistic activation function and hyperbolic tangent activation function—were tested. Additionally, all the possible combinations of network structures, from [19, 1, 1, 1, 1] to [19, 10, 10, 10, 1], were tested for each activation function. For the SVM, three kernel functions—namely, linear, Radial Basis Function (RBF) and polynomial—were tested. Apart from that, SVM hyper-parameters such as the regularization factor (C), sigma (σ) and degree (D) were used in sensitivity analysis as well. The results from the sensitivity analysis demonstrate that the best ANN model managed to achieve an 88.89% accuracy, 91.89% sensitivity and 86.36% specificity, whereas the best SVM model managed to achieve an 83.95% accuracy, 86.49% sensitivity and 81.82% specificity. Upon comparison, the ANN model is the better machine learning model in this study because its accuracy, sensitivity and specificity are consistently higher than those of the best SVM model. In conclusion, judging from the promising prediction accurateness as demonstrated in the results of this study, it is suggested that stuck pipe prediction using machine learning is indeed practical.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
artificial neural networks
RBF Kernel function
stuck pipe
support vector machines
sensitivity analysis
machine learning classifiers
drilling operation
Type of access: Open Access
COMPARISON OF MACHINE LEARNING CLASSIFIERS FOR ACCURATE PREDICTION OF REAL-TIME STUCK PIPE INCIDENTS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5559/1/Article+2.pdf
File
MD5
9969a1030ca5e899ccd0524e73320b29
6446789
application/pdf
Article 2.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5559/4/Article+2.pdf.txt
File
MD5
7641162a44b9afc36285dbeb986d06f4
104043
text/plain
Article 2.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/56392021-08-02T21:00:43Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Bekpayev, Ilyas
2021-08-02T06:00:24Z
2021-08-02T06:00:24Z
2021-07
Bekpayev, I. (2021). Application of Polymer Flooding in Sandstone Reservoirs of Uzen Field (Unpublished master's thesis). Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5639
One of the most applied Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery (CEOR) techniques is polymer flooding, which uses polymer solutions to increase the viscosity of the displacing water and enhance mobility control and sweep efficiency. Polymer flooding can be applied in mature oilfields, which already undergo secondary recovery with a gradual decrease in production. One such reservoir is the Uzen field, which is located in the western part of Kazakhstan. The Uzen field is one of the largest and oldest oilfields in the whole country and an increase in its oil production might be crucial to satisfy growing energy demand. A successful application of polymer flooding in a certain field requires a proper polymer selection followed by a well-planned and sophisticated assessment of its performance under reservoir conditions. This work is focused on the lab scale evaluation of three synthetic polymers performance in conditions of the Uzen field. The investigated polymers are co-polymers with functional groups of acrylamides (AM), Acrylamido-Tert-Butyl-Sulfonate (ATBS). Sav 10, Sav 19, and Sav 10 XV polymers. The work sequence:
• Investigation of polymer concentration and temperate effects on rheological behavior of polymers
• Mechanical stability under high shear rate
• Evaluation of long-term thermal stability of polymers
• Injectivity tests for the evaluation of permeability and mobility reduction due to polymers flooding at the core scale and required differential pressure for the injection.
• Investigation of displacement efficiency of one the most suitable candidate at the core scale.
Sav 10 polymer showed the best mechanical stability with the viscosity retention of 50 % after 10 minutes exposure to high shear rate. All candidates were able retain at least 50% of their initial viscosities after 2 months at 60 °C. The injection of Sav 10 polymer provided the best injectivity with the lowest differential pressures and permeability reduction. The application of Sav 10 flooding was effective and increased the cumulative oil recovery by 12 % after the brine flooding. To conclude, the polymer flooding with Sav 10 polymer in the conditions of the Uzen field was effective EOR technique and can be recommended for the implementation.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
EOR
Type of access: Embargo
Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery
CEOR
acrylamides
Research Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY
APPLICATION OF POLYMER FLOODING IN SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS OF UZEN FIELD
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5639/1/Thesis+-+Ilyas+Bekpayev.pdf
File
MD5
b3800f702c355349d27fa3a05916fee0
4004242
application/pdf
Thesis - Ilyas Bekpayev.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5639/4/Thesis+-+Ilyas+Bekpayev.pdf.txt
File
MD5
748b0ce157aa6e662af6a122d937e8a7
124149
text/plain
Thesis - Ilyas Bekpayev.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/56402021-08-02T21:00:47Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Shakeel, Mariam
2021-08-02T06:07:56Z
2021-08-02T06:07:56Z
2021-07
Shakeel, M. (2021). Experimental Analysis of Oil Displacement by Hybrid Engineered Water / Chemical EOR Approach in Carbonates (Unpublished master's thesis). Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5640
Fast depletion in oil reserves has steered the petroleum industry towards developing novel enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques to get the most out of reservoirs. The standalone EOR methods such as engineered water flooding (EWF) and chemical EOR (CEOR) have associated merits and demerits. In this study, hybrid approaches utilizing engineered water (EW) and CEOR methods are investigated and the underlying mechanisms e.g., wettability alteration, interfacial tension (IFT) reduction, and mobility control are evaluated. Finally, the critical parameters influencing the performance of hybrid methods and criteria for selection of a hybrid method are presented.
The hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymer viscous and viscoelastic properties were analyzed as a function of pH. The effect of crude oil aging and temperature on wettability modification by EW was assessed by measuring contact angles. Various combinations of EW and CEOR were designed, and oil displacement tests were carried out to select the best formulation. Three coreflood tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of initial wettability on EW performance. Next, the hybrid EW/surfactant/polymer flooding (EWSPF) was performed and finally EW / alkali / surfactant/polymer flooding (EWSPF) was evaluated in slug-wise and continuous injection modes. All the coreflood experiments were conducted at 80 oC.
The optimum pH range for the best polymer performance in terms of viscous and viscoelastic behavior was found to be 7-10. The contact angle measurements confirmed that EW was not suitable for water-wet reservoirs. A larger wettability shift towards water-wet condition by EW was observed at high temperature. The overall incremental oil recovery by hybrid EWPF in oil-wet medium was 16-20% higher compared to water-wet medium. Hybrid EWSPF provided additional oil recovery of 29% of original-oil-in-place (OOIP), comparable to hybrid EWPF. The best combination in terms of oil recovery and chemical consumption, was the hybrid EWASP flooding in slug-wise injection mode. This scheme resulted in 36% OOIP incremental recovery, 7% higher than EWPF and EWSPF scenarios and 3% higher than EWASP flooding in continuous injection mode. The overall performance of all hybrid combinations was better compared to their individual counterparts, as investigated by capillary desaturation tendency.
These results are helpful in selection of a hybrid EOR method for a particular carbonate reservoir. The criteria for the implementation of EW based hybrid methods must include the assessment initial wettability of the rock, acid number of the crude oil, reservoir temperature, and compatibility between designed EW and chemicals.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Research Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY
EOR
enhanced oil recovery
CEOR
engineered water flooding
EWF
Type of access: Embargo
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF OIL DISPLACEMENT BY HYBRID ENGINEERED WATER / CHEMICAL EOR APPROACH IN CARBONATES
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5640/1/MSc+Thesis+-+Mariam+Shakeel.pdf
File
MD5
e0cd04d16fd88680157e56f955fe06da
4653992
application/pdf
MSc Thesis - Mariam Shakeel.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5640/4/MSc+Thesis+-+Mariam+Shakeel.pdf.txt
File
MD5
a3683026559fb2ad28229ebb87843122
275061
text/plain
MSc Thesis - Mariam Shakeel.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/56412021-08-02T21:00:49Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Salimova, Rashida
2021-08-02T06:15:43Z
2021-08-02T06:15:43Z
2021-07
Salimova, R. (2021). Data-driven Analyses of Low Salinity Waterflooding in Carbonates (Unpublished master's thesis). Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5641
Maximizing crude oil recovery is a main objective of the oil and gas industry. Oil recovery by natural production in carbonates is usually lower than 30%. Thus, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) methods are used to increase the oil production in carbonate reservoirs. Low salinity water (LSW) injection is a promising EOR technique, which have been studied by many researchers for potential improvement of oil recovery.
LSW flooding in carbonates has been widely evaluated by coreflooding tests in prior studies. A closer look in the literature on LSW in carbonates indicates a number of gaps and shortcomings. It is difficult to understand the exact relationship between different controlling parameters and the LSW effect in carbonates. The active mechanisms involved in oil recovery improvement are still uncertain, and more analyses are required. To predict the LSW performance and study the mechanisms of oil displacement, data collected from available experimental studies on LSW injection in carbonates were analyzed using data analysis approaches.
In this thesis, I collected data from 26 secondary and 117 tertiary coreflooding tests. Machine learning (ML) and statistical approaches were utilized to analyze the extracted main parameters. We used a linear regression model to study the linear relationship between single parameters and incremental recovery factor (RF). Correlations between rock, oil, brine properties and tertiary RF were negligible and weak. Subsequently, we analyzed the effect of brine and oil/brine parameters (oil acidity, alteration in salinity and active ions concentration) on LSW performance using multivariable linear regression. Relatively stronger linear correlation was found for a combination of oil/brine parameters and RF. We also studied the nonlinear relationship between parameters by applying ML nonlinear models, such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree (DT). These models showed better data fitting results compared to linear regression. Strong and very strong relationships between properties and RF were achieved by ML models. Among the used ML models, DT provided the best correlation for oil/brine parameters, as ANN and SVM overfitted the testing data. Finally, different mechanisms involved in the LSW effect were analyzed based on the changes in the effluent PDIs concentration, interfacial tension, pH, zeta potential, pressure drop. Wettability alteration by LSW was commonly observed in coreflooding tests.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Research Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY
DT
EOR
Enhanced Oil Recovery
Low salinity water
LSW
Type of access: Open Access
DATA-DRIVEN ANALYSES OF LOW SALINITY WATERFLOODING IN CARBONATES
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5641/1/Thesis+-+Rashida+Salimova.pdf
File
MD5
d16d75ced1abdfc5756b9824650d80fe
1699330
application/pdf
Thesis - Rashida Salimova.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5641/4/Thesis+-+Rashida+Salimova.pdf.txt
File
MD5
b2d25f26834443a2703201d136230340
121696
text/plain
Thesis - Rashida Salimova.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/56762021-08-10T21:00:58Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Bayramov, Emil
author
Buchroithner, Manfred
author
Kada, Martin
author
Zhuniskenov, Yermukhan
2021-08-10T05:00:58Z
2021-08-10T05:00:58Z
2021-07-01
Bayramov, E., Buchroithner, M., Kada, M., & Zhuniskenov, Y. (2021). Quantitative Assessment of Vertical and Horizontal Deformations Derived by 3D and 2D Decompositions of InSAR Line-of-Sight Measurements to Supplement Industry Surveillance Programs in the Tengiz Oilfield (Kazakhstan). Remote Sensing, 13(13), 2579. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132579
2072-4292
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132579
This research focused on the quantitative assessment of the surface deformation velocities and rates and their natural and man‐made controlling factors at Tengiz Oilfield in Kazakhstan using the Small Baseline Subset remote sensing technique followed by 3D and 2D decompositions and cosine corrections to derive vertical and horizontal movements from line‐of‐sight (LOS) measurements. In the present research we applied time‐series of Sentinel‐1 satellite images acquired during 2018–2020. All ground deformation derivatives showed the continuous subsidence at the Tengiz oilfield with increasing velocity. 3D and 2D decompositions of LOS measurements to vertical movement showed that the Tengiz Oil Field 2018–2020 continuously subsided with the maximum annual vertical deformation velocity around 70 mm. Based on the LOS measurements, the maximum annual subsiding velocity was observed to be 60 mm. Cosine corrections of LOS measurements to vertical movement, however, revealed a maximum annual vertical deformation velocity of 77 mm. The vertical deformation confirmed typical patterns of subsidence caused by oil extraction. Detected east‐west and north‐south horizontal movements at the Tengiz field clearly indicated that the study area crossed by seismic faults is affected by natural tectonic processes. The overall RMSE of 3D decomposed vertical deformation in relationship to LOS measurements and cosine corrections were in the range of 10–13 mm and 6–8 mm, correspondingly. The results of the present research will support operators of oil and gas fields and also other types of infrastructure to evaluate the actual differences of InSAR ground deformation measurements against the required standards and the precision of measurements depending on the operational needs, timeframes and availability of radar imagery.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
2D and 3D decomposition
Geospatial
Interferometry
Oil field
Radar
Remote sensing
SBAS
QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL DEFORMATIONS DERIVED BY 3D AND 2D DECOMPOSITIONS OF INSAR LINE-OF-SIGHT MEASUREMENTS TO SUPPLEMENT INDUSTRY SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMS IN THE TENGIZ OILFIELD (KAZAKHSTAN)
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5676/1/Article+58.pdf
File
MD5
1396587c0e0a882f72652ee1b03dc2c9
11475515
application/pdf
Article 58.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5676/4/Article+58.pdf.txt
File
MD5
b3b247db0d0981ab627e9a32aafd3452
48356
text/plain
Article 58.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/56782021-08-10T21:01:04Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Madani, Nasser
author
Maleki, Mohammad
author
Sepidbar, Fatemeh
2021-08-10T08:01:26Z
2021-08-10T08:01:26Z
2021-06-22
Madani, N., Maleki, M., & Sepidbar, F. (2021). Integration of Dual Border Effects in Resource Estimation: A Cokriging Practice on a Copper Porphyry Deposit. Minerals, 11(7), 660. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11070660
2075-163X
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/7/660
Hierarchical or cascade resource estimation is a very common practice when building a
geological block model in metalliferous deposits. One option for this is to model the geological
domains by indicator kriging and then to estimate (by kriging) the grade of interest within the
built geodomains. There are three problems regarding this. The first is that sometimes the molded
geological domains are spotty and fragmented and, thus, far from the geological interpretation. The
second is that the resulting estimated grades highly suffer from a smoothing effect. The third is
related to the border effect of the continuous variable across the boundary of geological domains.
The latter means that the final block model of the grade shows a very abrupt transition when crossing
the border of two adjacent geological domains. This characteristic of the border effect may not be
always true, and it is plausible that some of the variables show smooth or soft boundaries. The
case is even more complicated when there is a mixture of hard and soft boundaries. A solution is
provided in this paper to employ a cokriging paradigm for jointly modeling grade and geological
domains. The results of modeling the copper in an Iranian copper porphyry deposit through the
proposed approach illustrates that the method is not only capable of handling the mixture of hard
and soft boundaries, but it also produces models that are less influenced by the smoothing effect.
These results are compared to an independent kriging, where each variable is modeled separately,
irrespective of the influence of geological domains
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Border effect
Cokriging
Copper porphyry deposit
Indicator kriging
Smoothing effect
Type of access: Open Access
INTEGRATION OF DUAL BORDER EFFECTS IN RESOURCE ESTIMATION: A COKRIGING PRACTICE ON A COPPER PORPHYRY DEPOSIT
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5678/1/Article+61.pdf
File
MD5
a06230a7628b8c7d75f0db117330b46c
6917723
application/pdf
Article 61.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5678/4/Article+61.pdf.txt
File
MD5
d52639d350a16bd9c6ec160106fab36b
80209
text/plain
Article 61.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/56802021-08-12T21:00:42Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Salaudeen, Ibraheem
author
Hashmet, Muhammad Rehan
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
2021-08-12T08:18:50Z
2021-08-12T08:18:50Z
2021-06-23
Salaudeen, I., Hashmet, M. R., & Pourafshary, P. (2021). Catalytic Effects of Temperature and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles on the Acceleration of Production from Carbonate Rocks. Nanomaterials, 11(7), 1642. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11071642
2079-4991
https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11071642
The use of engineered water (EW) nanofluid flooding in carbonates is a new enhanced oil recovery (EOR) hybrid technique that has yet to be extensively investigated. In this research, we investigated the combined effects of EW and nanofluid flooding on oil-brine-rock interactions and recovery from carbonate reservoirs at different temperatures. EW was used as dispersant for SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), and a series of characterisation experiments were performed to determine the optimum formulations of EW and NP for injection into the porous media. The EW reduced the contact angle and changed the rock wettability from the oil-wet condition to an intermediate state at ambient temperature. However, in the presence of NPs, the contact angle was reduced further, to very low values. When the effects of temperature were considered, the wettability changed more rapidly from a hydrophobic state to a hydrophilic one. Oil displacement was studied by injection of the optimised EW, followed by an EW-nanofluid mixture. An additional recovery of 20% of the original oil in place was achieved. The temperature effects mean that these mechanisms are catalytic, and the process involves the initiation and activation of multiple mechanisms that are not activated at lower temperatures and in each standalone technique.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Carbonate reservoirs
Engineered water
Hybrid nanofluid injection
SiO2 nanofluid
Wettability alteration
CATALYTIC EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND SILICON DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES ON THE ACCELERATION OF PRODUCTION FROM CARBONATE ROCKS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5680/1/Article+62.pdf
File
MD5
6781b5ce211c991ae1765bd08d20669c
12092399
application/pdf
Article 62.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5680/4/Article+62.pdf.txt
File
MD5
b6e7aedb440e4ba9701296df4758e201
60848
text/plain
Article 62.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/57112021-08-27T21:00:20Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Sedaghatzadeh, Mostafa
author
Shahbazi, Khalil
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Razavi, Seyed Ali
2021-08-27T02:48:51Z
2021-08-27T02:48:51Z
2021-04-14
Sedaghatzadeh, M., Shahbazi, K., Pourafshary, P., & Razavi, S. A. (2021). Experimental investigation of the application of Eucalyptus bark to prevent lost circulation in pay zones with acid dissolution capability. Petroleum, 7(2), 152–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petlm.2020.04.005
2405-6561
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petlm.2020.04.005
Loss of drilling fluid is a common problem during the drilling of wells and it restricts the appropriate functionality of muds. Drilling fluid loss significantly increases drilling costs and non-productive time as well as the drilling operation risks. Various investigations have been carried out in order to find appropriate mud additives that either block fractures and pores or reduce fluid loss by improving the fluid rheology. Cheap, environmentally friendly and effective additives are still required by the drilling industry. Hence, the application of available materials in each region, to produce appropriate additives, is a challenge for the oil industry. In this study, Eucalyptus Camaldulensis (EUC) bark powder has been chosen as a new, fibrous, cheap, environmentally friendly and available material to control fluid loss, particularly in southern Iran. Different characterization tests, such as acid dissolution and fluid loss control, were carried out to study the performance of the new proposed additive. Removal by hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid were studied at various acid concentrations and temperatures. Dynamic fluid loss was also measured at different EUC concentrations. Our study showed that EUC powder can reduce the final fluid loss by 88–97%, the initial fluid loss by 45–66%, and the total loss by 87–94%, which is a satisfactory level.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Acid solubility
Drilling mud
Eucalyptus bark
Fluid loss
Lost circulation
Type of access: Open Access
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE APPLICATION OF EUCALYPTUS BARK TO PREVENT LOST CIRCULATION IN PAY ZONES WITH ACID DISSOLUTION CAPABILITY
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5711/1/Article+9.pdf
File
MD5
2795de13bed9617b120f62a2d842fb51
2794521
application/pdf
Article 9.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5711/4/Article+9.pdf.txt
File
MD5
2daa8dd7c7473a383677d07a36921e85
33949
text/plain
Article 9.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/57192021-08-27T21:00:28Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Mohammadi, Saheb
author
Sedaghatzadeh, Mostafa
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
2021-08-27T06:20:24Z
2021-08-27T06:20:24Z
2020-06-22
Mohammadi, S., Sedaghatzadeh, M., & Pourafshary, P. (2020). Solid-geo-mechanical investigation of the effect of salt creep on casing stability using finite element method: a case study. SN Applied Sciences, 2(7). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-3083-7
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5719
The salt formation creeping can signifcantly afect the casing stability, because of the changes in mechanical and geome chanical parameters. The creeping of Gachsaran salty formation in the south part of Iran has infuences on wells drilled
in the region, which should be carefully considered in the casing design process. In this study, the fnite element analysis
technique was applied to study the alteration in mechanical/geomechanical parameters of a well in this formation. The
accuracy of the methodology was validated by data available from the reduction in wellbore diameter of another well
in the formation. Diferent scenarios were studied to analyze the efect of geomechanical parameters on stress, plastic
strain, and casing diameter for a cased cemented well and a well completed with two casings. The efect of mechanical
parameters on casing collapse was studied, where casing eccentricity, ovality, and slenderness ratio were also considered.
Our simulation studies showed that casing stability in salty formations is strongly afected by geomechanical and pipe
mechanical parameters. To reduce the severity of the casing collapse in salty formation, it is recommended to complete
the well with two casings. Our study showed that, this arrangement reduces the plastic strain and the change in casing
diameter signifcantly For a safe casing design, efect of mechanical parameters should be also considered. Efects of
parameters such as ovality, eccentricity, and slenderness ratio are noticeable, for example, 2% ovality and 2% eccentricity
in L-80 casing, lead to increase in the plastic strain from 0.112 to 0.31 and 0.3, and the overall diameter reduction from
0.455″ to 0.685″ and 0.535″, respectively.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Salt creep
Casing stability
Casing design
Solid mechanics
Geomechanics
Finite element method
SOLID GEO MECHANICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFECT OF SALT CREEP ON CASING STABILITY USING FNITE ELEMENT METHOD: A CASE STUDY
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5719/1/Mohammadi2020_Article_Solid-geo-mechanicalInvestigat.pdf
File
MD5
063fa4ded241bd63e249254c641621fa
1728503
application/pdf
Mohammadi2020_Article_Solid-geo-mechanicalInvestigat.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5719/4/Mohammadi2020_Article_Solid-geo-mechanicalInvestigat.pdf.txt
File
MD5
71c177e75d5ef4aaa7192937d0d3a552
33308
text/plain
Mohammadi2020_Article_Solid-geo-mechanicalInvestigat.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/57392021-09-05T21:00:37Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Zivar, Davood
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Moradpour, Nikoo
2021-09-05T13:53:54Z
2021-09-05T13:53:54Z
2021-01-02
Zivar, D., Pourafshary, P. & Moradpour, N. Capillary desaturation curve: does low salinity surfactant flooding significantly reduce the residual oil saturation?. J Petrol Explor Prod Technol 11, 783–794 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-020-01074-1
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5739
Different oil displacement experiments conducted on sandstone and carbonate samples show that low salinity water (LSW) injection can reduce the residual oil saturation (ROS). Recently, surfactant flooding (SF) in combination with low salinity water (known as low salinity surfactant (LSS) flooding) is proposed as a potentially promising hybrid enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process. A lower ROS is reported for a LSS process compared to that seen in SF or with LSW at the same capillary number. The capillary desaturation curve (CDC) is a well-known tool to study the effect of viscous and capillary forces on ROS for different EOR techniques. In this study, ROS data of various LSW, SF, and LSS flooding experiments at different capillary numbers are collected to develop a CDC to analyze the performance of the hybrid LSS method. This can help to analyze the effect of the hybrid method on an extra improvement in sweep efficiency and reduction in residual oil. A lower ROS is observed for LSS compared to LSW and SF in the same capillary number range.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
CAPILLARY DESATURATION CURVE: DOES LOW SALINITY SURFACTANT FOODING SIGNIFCANTLY REDUCE THE RESIDUAL OIL SATURATION?
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5739/1/Zivar2021_Article.pdf
File
MD5
cb99165a5c096ef6a338960c22462a5b
902831
application/pdf
Zivar2021_Article.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5739/4/Zivar2021_Article.pdf.txt
File
MD5
2a4d8271dd551825ba68cdcee8fb0691
51738
text/plain
Zivar2021_Article.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/57442021-09-07T21:00:55Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Moradpour, Nikoo
author
Karimova, Marzhan
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Zivar, Davood
2021-09-07T08:43:28Z
2021-09-07T08:43:28Z
2020-07-14
Moradpour, N., Karimova, M., Pourafshary, P., & Zivar, D. (2020). Effects of Slug Size, Soaking, and Injection Schemes on the Performance of Controlled Ions Water Flooding in Carbonates. ACS Omega, 5(29), 18155–18167. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c01766
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5744
The results of many previous studies on low salinity/controlled ions water (CIW) flooding suggest that future laboratory and modeling investigations are required to comprehensively understand and interpret the achieved observations. In this work, the aim is co-optimization of the length of the injected slug and soaking time in the CIW flooding process. Furthermore, the possibility of the occurrence of several governing mechanisms is studied. Therefore, the experimental results were utilized to develop a compositional model, using CMG GEM software, in order to obtain the relative permeability curves by history matching. It was concluded that CIW slug injection, concentrated in the potential-determining ion, can increase oil recovery under a multi ion exchange (MIE) mechanism. The wettability of the carbonate rocks was changed from a mixed or oil wet state toward more water wetness. However, there is a CIW slug length, beyond which extending the length does not significantly improve the rock wettability, and consequently, the oil production, which is known as the optimum slug size. This implies that the optimization of the injection process, by minimizing the slug size, can decrease the need for the CIW supply, therefore lowering the process expenditure. Moreover, if the exposure time of the rock and CIW is increased (soaking), a higher level of ion substitution is probable, leading to more oil detachment and production. Rock dissolution/precipitation (leading to a pH change) was found to have a negligible contribution.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Lipids
Wetting
Photovoltaics
Oil recovery
Permeability
EFFECTS OF SLUG SIZE, SOAKING, AND INJECTION SCHEMES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CONTROLLED IONS WATER FLOODING IN CARBONATES
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5744/1/acsomega.0c01766.pdf
File
MD5
e40e8aa6492ffbac0aea3e8f1688fbfd
3710586
application/pdf
acsomega.0c01766.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5744/4/acsomega.0c01766.pdf.txt
File
MD5
9c025eaa52f8eb5fc79b57005b06a4e9
58236
text/plain
acsomega.0c01766.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/57512021-09-09T21:00:36Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Mortazavi, Ali
2021-09-09T08:34:05Z
2021-09-09T08:34:05Z
2021-03-18
Mortazavi, A. (2021). An Investigation of the Mechanisms Involved in Plate Load Testing in Rock. Applied Sciences, 11(6), 2720. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11062720
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5751
Accurate determination of rock mass deformation modulus is very important in rock engineering projects. The plate loading test (PLT) is a method that is generally used in dam construction projects to determine rock mass modulus. Numerical simulation was used to investigate the mechanisms involved in this test. The first objective of the paper was to employ 3D modeling in the interpretation of plate load tests conducted at the Bazoft dam site in Iran. Additionally, a parametric study of the effects of key parameters such as displacement measuring depth and loading plate diameter on the test results was another objective of the study. The moduli values determined numerically were compared against actual filed testing data determined from in-situ test data conducted at the Bazoft dam site, and the values determined from the ISRM suggested formula. The analysis showed that the optimum measurement depth for rock mass modulus calculation is approximately equal to the loading plate diameter and the data determined from measurement depths beyond one plate diameter can be unrealistic. Moreover, the plate diameter can have a significant effect on test results. As the measurement depth increases, the determined modulus values increase at a much more rapid pace when employing smaller size loading plates
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
rock deformation modulus
numerical modelling
plate loading test
Bazoft dam
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN PLATE LOAD TESTING IN ROCK
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5751/1/applsci-11-02720.pdf
File
MD5
bedede4aa23e6393268532023cee742e
12558047
application/pdf
applsci-11-02720.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5751/4/applsci-11-02720.pdf.txt
File
MD5
f2b99fcfa2aac9125bdd6891350b8596
80429
text/plain
applsci-11-02720.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/57642021-09-13T21:00:37Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Xu, Shuai
author
Liang, Ruiyu
author
Suorineni, Fidelis T.
author
Li, Yuanhui
2021-09-13T09:28:08Z
2021-09-13T09:28:08Z
2021-01-04
Xu, S., Liang, R., Suorineni, F. T., & Li, Y. (2021). Evaluation of the use of sublevel open stoping in the mining of moderately dipping medium-thick orebodies. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 31(2), 333–346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmst.2020.12.002
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5764
The flow of blasted ore during mining of moderately dipping medium-thick orebodies is a challenge. Selecting a suitable mining system for such ore bodies is difficult. This paper proposes a diamond layout sublevel open stoping system using fan blastholes with backfilling to mine such orebodies. To evaluate the performance of system the relationships between ore recovery and stope footwall dip angle, footwall surface roughness, drawpoint spacing and production blast ring burden were investigated. An ore recovery data set from 81 laboratory physical model experiments was established from combinations of the listed factors. Various modules in a back propagation neural network structure were compared, and an optimal network structure identified. An ore recovery backpropagation neural network (BPNN) forecast model was developed. Using the model and sensitivity analysis of the factors affecting the proposed open stope mining system, the significance of each factor on ore recovery was studied. The study results were applied to a case study at the Shandong Gold Group Jiaojia Gold Mine. The results showed that the application of a BPNN and sensitivity analysis models for ore recovery prediction in the proposed mining system and field experimental results confirm that the suggested mining method is feasible.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Moderately dipping medium-thick orebody
Sublevel open stoping
Fan blastholes
Ore recovery
Backpropagation neural network
EVALUATION OF THE USE OF SUBLEVEL OPEN STOPING IN THE MINING OF MODERATELY DIPPING MEDIUM-THICK OREBODIES
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5764/1/1-s2.0-S2095268620309356-main.pdf
File
MD5
940d43618830d93ea6422079034e7ed7
2439928
application/pdf
1-s2.0-S2095268620309356-main.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5764/4/1-s2.0-S2095268620309356-main.pdf.txt
File
MD5
fb114fce9826bfb6858ec1148209e262
74781
text/plain
1-s2.0-S2095268620309356-main.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/58042021-09-16T21:00:35Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Adoko, Amoussou Coffi
author
Saadaari, Festus
author
Mireku-Gyimah, Daniel
author
Imashev, Askar
2021-09-16T10:37:35Z
2021-09-16T10:37:35Z
2021-07-06
Adoko, A. C., Saadaari, F., Mireku-Gyimah, D., & Imashev, A. (2021b). A Feasibility Study on The Implementation of Neural Network Classifiers for Open Stope Design. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering. Published. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-021-01915-8
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5804
Assessing the stability of stopes is essen tial in open stope mine design as unstable hangingwalls
and footwalls lead to sloughing, unplanned stope
dilution, and safety concerns compromising the prof itability of the mine. Over the past few decades,
numerous empirical tools have been developed to
dimension open stope in connection with its stability,
using the stability graph method. However, one of the
principal limitations of the stability graph method is to
objectively determine the boundary of the stability
zones, and gain a clear probabilistic interpretation of
the graph. To overcome this issue, this paper aims to
explore the feasibility of artificial neural network
(ANN) based classifiers for the design of open stopes.
A stope stability database was compiled and included
the stope dimensions, rock mass properties, and the
stope stability conditions. The main parameters
included the modified stability number (N’), and the
stope stability conditions (stable, unstable, and failed),
and hydraulic radius (HR). A feed-forward neural
network (FFNN) classifier containing two hidden
layers (110 neurons each) was employed to identify
the stope stability conditions. Overall, the outcome of
the analysis showed good agreement with the field
data; most stope surfaces were correctly predicted
with an average accuracy of 91%. This shows an
improvement over using the existing stability graph
method. In addition, for a better interpretation of the
results, the associated probability of occurrence of
stable, unstable, or caved stope was determined and
shown in iso-probability contour charts which were
compared with the stability graph. The proposed
FFNN-based classifier outperformed the conventional
stability graph method in terms of accuracy and better
prabablistic interpretation. It is suggested that the
classifier could be a reliable tool that can complement
the conventional stability graph for the design of open
stopes.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Open stope stability
Hydraulic radius
ANN classifiers
Stability graph
Hangingwall
Footwall
A FEASIBILITY STUDY ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NEURAL NETWORK CLASSIFIERS FOR OPEN STOPE DESIGN
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5804/1/Adoko2021_Article_AFeasibilityStudyOnTheImplemen.pdf
File
MD5
abc5743870833e8585ebe4da9eaf2ee4
1427659
application/pdf
Adoko2021_Article_AFeasibilityStudyOnTheImplemen.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5804/4/Adoko2021_Article_AFeasibilityStudyOnTheImplemen.pdf.txt
File
MD5
ec702cb8da3a46250eb78fb37f9938e3
64322
text/plain
Adoko2021_Article_AFeasibilityStudyOnTheImplemen.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/58102021-09-17T21:00:36Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Sekerbayeva, Aigerim
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Hashmet, Muhammad Rehan
2021-09-17T04:32:09Z
2021-09-17T04:32:09Z
2020-10-20
Sekerbayeva, A., Pourafshary, P., & Hashmet, M. R. (2020). Application of anionic surfactant\engineered water hybrid EOR in carbonate formations: An experimental analysis. Petroleum. Published. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petlm.2020.10.001
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5810
A hybrid enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method by combining low salinity water (LSW) and low salinity surfactant (LSS) flooding techniques was designed. Different
experiments were done to screen the Caspian seawater (SW) with altered ionic composition and surfactant, for the optimized performance in Kazakhstani carbonate
oil fields. Changing to a more water-wet state and creating the middle phase were studied as the main criteria to select the best-engineered brine and anionic
surfactant. The largest alteration towards the water-wet condition was recorded at 10 times dilution of the SW with 3- and 6- times spiked calcium and sulfate ions,
respectively (10xSW-6SO4, Mg, 3Ca). This combination of anionic surfactants with carbonate formations is considered as a new approach in hybrid EOR methods.
Among the anionic surfactants screened, Soloterra-113H (Alkyl Benzenesulfonic acid) showed the best solubilization ratio, aqueous stability, and Winsor type 3
microemulsions. The wettability alteration by the combination of optimized brine and screened surfactant was greater compared to the standalone LSW, which was
confirmed by the 10◦ difference in contact angle measurement. The microemulsion phase constituted nearly 40% of the total height of the oil/brine column by the
hybrid method. The recovery factor after injecting formation water was 52%, and it increased to 61% after optimized LSW injection. After switching to the engi neered brine/surfactant, the recovery factor reached 70%, which proves the effectiveness of the hybrid method. The proposed combined method works better than
either standalone EOR method due to the higher alteration in capillary number by changing wettability and reducing IFT, which leads to higher oil recovery.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Caspian seawater
surfactant
enhanced oil recovery
APPLICATION OF ANIONIC SURFACTANT\ENGINEERED WATER HYBRID EOR IN CARBONATE FORMATIONS: AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5810/1/1-s2.0-S2405656120300985-main.pdf
File
MD5
29310682162138484f760b11c4aadfe5
6580812
application/pdf
1-s2.0-S2405656120300985-main.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5810/4/1-s2.0-S2405656120300985-main.pdf.txt
File
MD5
1649459d067816776b15df73d6ab320c
45640
text/plain
1-s2.0-S2405656120300985-main.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/58132021-09-17T21:00:38Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Jahari, Ahmad Fadhil
author
Shafan, Siti Rohaida Mohd
author
Husin, Hazlina
author
Razali, Norzafrah
author
Irawan, Sonny
2021-09-17T04:43:15Z
2021-09-17T04:43:15Z
2021-04-12
Jahari, A. F., Shafian, S. R. M., Husin, H., Razali, N., & Irawan, S. (2021). Quantification method of suspended solids in micromodel using image analysis. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 11(5), 2271–2286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-021-01153-x
2190-0558
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-021-01153-x
Micromodel can provide valuable information to improve understanding of pore-scale transport phenomenon and can also be utilized to simulate the transport process at pore scale. This research aims to propose settlement option for quantification of suspended solids in micromodel. The micromodel is used to mimic the formation damage which occurs in reservoir formation that could simultaneously affect enhanced oil recovery. This is done by utilizing visual image interpretation through image analysis on micromodel chip. Following the quantification of suspended solids, the micromodel was injected with brine that eventually forms agglomeration. Images are taken from NIS-Element AR microscope automatically in RGB color profile and then made into grayscale and finally into binary modes. Since the micromodel is simulated in 2D form structure, the quantification method complemented with image analysis is focusing on the quantified area, µm2 region of interest categorized into 3 main groups of area B05, M45 and T50, respectively. This research will explore on segmentation and thresholding processes of the visual data acquired from micromodel experiment. An image-based computational algorithm is programmed in MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox and ImageJ; hence, suspended solids in porous media could be quantified from the visual image executed in micromodel.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Formation damage
Image analysis
Micromodel
Suspended solids
Type of access: Open Access
QUANTIFCATION METHOD OF SUSPENDED SOLIDS IN MICROMODEL USING IMAGE ANALYSIS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5813/1/Quantifcation+method+of+suspended+solids+in+micromodel+using.pdf
File
MD5
53776aa20feb3bee7d01583904eeacbd
9523495
application/pdf
Quantifcation method of suspended solids in micromodel using.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5813/4/Quantifcation+method+of+suspended+solids+in+micromodel+using.pdf.txt
File
MD5
93ce57074362df0317a2afbcee7632c6
41465
text/plain
Quantifcation method of suspended solids in micromodel using.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/58162021-09-17T21:00:42Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Cainelli, Francesca
author
Argandykov, Dias
author
Kaldarbekov, Dauren
author
Mukarov, Murat
author
Tran Thi Phuong, Liên
author
Germain, Dominique P.
2021-09-17T04:57:57Z
2021-09-17T04:57:57Z
2021-04-27
Cainelli, F., Argandykov, D., Kaldarbekov, D., Mukarov, M., Tran Thi Phuong, L., & Germain, D. P. (2021). Case Report: First Two Identified Cases of Fabry Disease in Central Asia. Frontiers in Genetics, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.657824
1664-8021
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.657824/full
Background: Fabry disease (FD, OMIM #301500) is a rare, progressive, X-linked inherited, genetic disease due to the functional deficiency of lysosomal α-galactosidase (α-GAL) that leads to the accumulation of glycosphingolipids (mainly globotriaosylceramide or Gb3) and its derivative globotriaosylsphingosine or lyso-Gb3. Classic FD is a multisystem disorder which initially presents in childhood with neuropathic pain and dermatological, gastrointestinal, ocular, and cochleo-vestibular manifestations. Over time, end-organ damage such as renal failure, cardiac arrhythmia and early stroke may develop leading to reduced life expectancy in the absence of specific treatment. Case presentation: We describe two Kazakh patients who presented in adulthood with a delayed diagnosis. We conducted also a family screening through cascade genotyping. Conclusion: This is the first description of cases of Fabry disease in Central Asia. An extensive family pedigree enabled the identification of ten additional family members. Patients with rare genetic diseases often experience substantial delays in diagnosis due to their rarity and non-specific symptoms, which can negatively impact their management and delay treatment. FD may be difficult to diagnose because of the non-specificity of its early and later-onset symptoms and its X-linked inheritance. Raising awareness of clinicians is important for earlier diagnosis and optimal outcome of specific therapies.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Central Asia
Fabry disease
family screening
genotype-phenotype correlation
Kazakhstan
p.Arg49Gly variant
pedigree
Type of access: Open Access
CASE REPORT: FIRST TWO IDENTIFIED CASES OF FABRY DISEASE IN CENTRAL ASIA
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5816/1/Case+Report+First+Two+Identified+Cases+of+Fabry+Disease+in+Central+Asia.pdf
File
MD5
25eba0be2c4c11a9b7d0549720a97745
625525
application/pdf
Case Report First Two Identified Cases of Fabry Disease in Central Asia.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5816/4/Case+Report+First+Two+Identified+Cases+of+Fabry+Disease+in+Central+Asia.pdf.txt
File
MD5
15f759172ab6bb455d977c0fec4badc0
29412
text/plain
Case Report First Two Identified Cases of Fabry Disease in Central Asia.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/58212021-09-17T21:00:46Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Biyanto, T. R.
author
Cordova, H.
author
Matradji
author
Anggrea, T. O.
author
Suryowicaksono, H.
author
Irawan, S.
2021-09-17T05:35:39Z
2021-09-17T05:35:39Z
2021
Biyanto, T. R., Cordova, H., Matradji, Anggrea, T. O., Suryowicaksono, H., & Irawan, S. (2021). Stuck pipe optimization using duellist algorithm. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 672(1), 012104. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/672/1/012104
1755-1307
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/672/1/012104
Stuck pipes are one of the most serious drilling problems, stuck pipes can cost the oil industry hundreds of millions of dollars per year. One way to avoid the risk of a stuck pipe is to predict the condition of a stuck pipe with the available drilling parameters. Throughout the years, a lot research has been dedicated to finding the causes that lead to stuck pipe events. But it still not reached the study in the calculation of the optimization of drilling operation costs. In this final project, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used for prediction stuck pipe and optimized using the Duellist Algorithm (DA). As well as Increasing fewer data that will get easier to make it in to the model. In this model, it use 1 The input layer contains 12 input nodes, 14 hidden layers trained with 1 to 30 hidden nodes, and 1 output layer in 14 hidden layers with an RMSE value of 0. At the end of the optimization, the lowest cost is USD 17300/hour at RPM 195, 69, and mudflow 722.28 GPM. As well as constraint conditions are maintained and not stuck.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Agriculture
Infill drilling
Oil industries
Output layer
Neural networks
Type of access: Open Access
STUCK PIPE OPTIMIZATION USING DUELLIST ALGORITHM
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5821/1/Stuck+pipe+optimization+using+duellist+algorithm.pdf
File
MD5
36300e0b86109093915542618f2b153d
554460
application/pdf
Stuck pipe optimization using duellist algorithm.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5821/4/Stuck+pipe+optimization+using+duellist+algorithm.pdf.txt
File
MD5
fed52fed71959fc8a0e721f327e6cc41
22795
text/plain
Stuck pipe optimization using duellist algorithm.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/58222021-09-17T21:00:57Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Khan, Mohammad Kamal Asif
author
Khan, Javed Akbar
author
Ullah, Habib
author
Al-Kayiem, Hussain H.
author
Irawan, Sonny
author
Irfan, Muhammad
author
Glowacz, Adam
author
Liu, Hui
author
Glowacz, Witold
author
Rahman, Saifur
2021-09-17T05:35:48Z
2021-09-17T05:35:48Z
2021-04-16
Khan, M. K. A., Khan, J. A., Ullah, H., Al-Kayiem, H. H., Irawan, S., Irfan, M., Glowacz, A., Liu, H., Glowacz, W., & Rahman, S. (2021). De-Emulsification and Gravity Separation of Micro-Emulsion Produced with Enhanced Oil Recovery Chemicals Flooding. Energies, 14(8), 2249. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14082249
1996-1073
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/8/2249
The present study investigates the effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on the stability of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)-produced stable emulsion. The chemical precipitation method is used to synthesize TiO2 nanoparticles, and their properties were determined using various analytical characterization techniques such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The effect of TiO2 nanoparticles is evaluated by measuring oil/water (o/w) separation, rag layer formation, oil droplet size, and zeta potential of the residual EOR produced emulsion. The laser scattering technique is used to determine the o/w separation. The results showed that spherical-shaped anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles were produced with an average particle size of 122 nm. The TiO2 nanoparticles had a positive effect on o/w separation and the clarity of the separated water. The separated aqueous phases’ clarity is 75% and 45% with and without TiO2 nanoparticles, respectively. Laser scattering analysis revealed enhanced light transmission in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles, suggesting higher o/w separation of the ASP-produced emulsion. The overall increase in the o/w separation was recorded to be 19% in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles, indicating a decrease in the stability of ASP-produced emulsion. This decrease in the stability can be attributed to the improved coalescence’ action between the adjacent oil droplets and improved behavior of o/w interfacial film. An observable difference was found between the oil droplet size before and after the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles, where the oil droplet size increased from 3 µm to 35 µm. A similar trend of zeta potential is also noticed in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles. Zeta potential was −13 mV to −7 mV, which is in the unstable emulsion range. Overall, the o/w separation is enhanced by introducing TiO2 nanoparticles into ASP-produced stable emulsion.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Emulsification
EOR flooding
Gravity separation
Laser scattering
Type of access: Open Access
DE-EMULSIFICATION AND GRAVITY SEPARATION OF MICRO-EMULSION PRODUCED WITH ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY CHEMICALS FLOODING
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5822/1/De-Emulsification+and+Gravity+Separation+of+Micro-Emulsion.pdf
File
MD5
0e17690d070f1937848a4d5a67d3eaf8
3368732
application/pdf
De-Emulsification and Gravity Separation of Micro-Emulsion.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5822/4/De-Emulsification+and+Gravity+Separation+of+Micro-Emulsion.pdf.txt
File
MD5
0ad6a2521e35c0a5ddd39a3452da6d80
46363
text/plain
De-Emulsification and Gravity Separation of Micro-Emulsion.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/58362023-11-11T14:45:31Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2587
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Abulkhair, Sultan
author
Madani, Nasser
editor
Musingwini, C
editor
Woodhall, M
2021-09-22T10:49:25Z
2021-09-22T10:49:25Z
2021-09
Abulkhair, S., Madani, N. (2021). Mineral resource modeling of variables with inequality constraints: A case study of an iron ore deposit. In the proceeding of the APCOM 2021. Musingwini, C. Woodhall, M (eds.), Johannesburg, South Africa, p. 449-458.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5836
In multivariate geostatistics, it is common to have different types of complexities between
variables of interest. In this context, an inequality constraint is an example of complex
bivariate relationships. Unfortunately, traditional co-kriging and co-simulation algorithms
cannot reproduce this type of bivariate complexity, leading to the overestimation of
disturbing elements. This paper proposes a new algorithm based on a hierarchical
sequential Gaussian co-simulation framework, integrated with inverse transform
sampling, to model inequality constraints between variables. First, the proposed
methodology's validity was evaluated by applying it to a real case study from an iron
deposit, with an inequality constraint between iron and aluminum oxide. Then the
simulated results were compared with a conventional hierarchical co-simulation algorithm
to investigate the effect of inverse transform sampling on the quality of the co-simulation.
The results showed that the proposed algorithm can reproduce an inequality constraint
between variables.
en_US
CC0 1.0 Universal
Geostatistics
Mineral resource
Inequality constraint
MINERAL RESOURCE MODELING OF VARIABLES WITH INEQUALITY CONSTRAINTS: A CASE STUDY OF AN IRON ORE DEPOSIT
Conference Paper
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5836/1/2021_APCOM_Sultan.pdf
File
MD5
e1f724ea9f27d2718149e1419005b531
2411454
application/pdf
2021_APCOM_Sultan.pdf
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/58372023-11-11T14:45:32Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2587
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Ongarbayev, Ilyas
author
Madani, Nasser
editor
Musingwini, C
editor
Woodhall, M
2021-09-22T10:49:41Z
2021-09-22T10:49:41Z
2021-09
Organbayev, I., Madani, N. (2021). Implicit modelling of geological domains by support vector machine: Tuning the parameters based on consistency of the indicator variogram. In the proceeding of the APCOM 2021. Musingwini, C. Woodhall, M (eds.), Johannesburg, South Africa, p. 425-436.
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5837
3D modelling of geological domains is an essential part of orebody modelling and
resource classification. Conventionally, one applies a wireframing technique, which, in
practice, is quite laborious. An automatic approach for building an implicit geological
model is the application of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm. However, in
this machine learning problem, the accuracy of models significantly depends on the
selected parameters. Here, the authors introduce another criterion for selecting optimum
parameters, in which the indicator variogram is considered as an aid. The results can be
used as an instruction for implicit geomodelling, based on the SVM algorithm where one
is dealing with two categories.
Keywords: SVM, Support Vector Machine, indicator variogram, geological modelling,
implicit geomodelling.
en_US
CC0 1.0 Universal
Geostatistcs
Mineral resource
Machine learning
IMPLICIT MODELLING OF GEOLOGICAL DOMAINS BY SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE: TUNING THE PARAMETERS BASED ON CONSISTENCY OF THE INDICATOR VARIOGRAM
Conference Paper
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5837/1/2021_APCOM_Ilyas.pdf
File
MD5
b53f691a82126053dd92d3314ff79596
648448
application/pdf
2021_APCOM_Ilyas.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5837/4/2021_APCOM_Ilyas.pdf.txt
File
MD5
9d5ca28e1bf69ff615ade0ffae07ec7b
26731
text/plain
2021_APCOM_Ilyas.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/58562021-10-04T21:00:29Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Cha, Minsu
author
Alqahtani, Naif B.
author
Yin, Xiaolong
author
Wang, Lei
author
Yao, Bowen
author
Kneafsey, Timothy J.
author
Miskimins, Jennifer L.
author
Wu, Yu-Shu
2021-10-04T09:30:15Z
2021-10-04T09:30:15Z
2021-09-01
Cha, M., Alqahtani, N. B., Yin, X., Wang, L., Yao, B., Kneafsey, T. J., Miskimins, J. L., & Wu, Y.-S. (2021). Propagation of Cryogenic Thermal Fractures from Unconfined PMMA Boreholes. Energies, 14(17), 5433. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14175433
1996-1073
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/17/5433
In cryogenic fracturing, a rock surface exposed to cryogenic fluids undergoes a large thermal gradient, and the resultant local tensile stress overcomes rock strength and initiates fractures. This study investigates the development of cracks generated from the cryogenic treatment of a borehole under no external confining stress on specimens. The experiments were performed on transparent PMMA specimens to observe fracture proliferation around boreholes. Liquid nitrogen was flowed through the boreholes to cool the borehole surface. The results show that initial fracture growth is characterized by abrupt starts and stops, and as the fracture propagates outward, the growth appears more continuous. In an early stage, horizontal/radial fractures and vertical fractures are the defining patterns. Horizontal fractures tend to be separated by a specific exclusion distance (i.e., spacing between cracks). While distinct horizontal/vertical fractures and exclusion distance manifest themselves at an early stage, fractures resulting from fracture interactions and curvatures can develop into complex shapes at later stages. Cryogenic thermal loading induces distinctively curved fractures. The tendency of curvature may prevent greater penetration. An increase in the borehole pressure during liquid nitrogen flow, however, can lessen fracture tortuosity and facilitate radial propagation. A high flow pressure and rate are also advantageous in that they accelerate cooling and fracture propagation. View Full-Text
Keywords: cryogenic fracturing; thermal fractures; liquid nitrogen; thermal shock; thermal stress; hydraulic fracturing; well stimulation
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
cryogenic fracturing
thermal fractures
thermal shock
liquid nitrogen
thermal stress
well stimulation
Type of access: Open Access
PROPAGATION OF CRYOGENIC THERMAL FRACTURES FROM UNCONFINED PMMA BOREHOLES
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5856/1/Propagation+of+Cryogenic+Thermal+Fractures+from+Unconfined+PMMA+Boreholes.pdf
File
MD5
8de17ec370822a6bedd75227ff1e6bf0
6725098
application/pdf
Propagation of Cryogenic Thermal Fractures from Unconfined PMMA Boreholes.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5856/4/Propagation+of+Cryogenic+Thermal+Fractures+from+Unconfined+PMMA+Boreholes.pdf.txt
File
MD5
57aff69a5620aa80457d995c21cb9893
71654
text/plain
Propagation of Cryogenic Thermal Fractures from Unconfined PMMA Boreholes.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/59072021-11-25T21:01:38Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Akhmetzhan, Ayatzhan
author
Abeu, Nurgeldi
author
Longinos, Sotirios Nik.
author
Tashenov, Ayezkhan
author
Myrzakhmetova, Nurbala
author
Amangeldi, Nurgul
author
Kuanyshova, Zhanar
author
Ospanova, Zhanar
author
Toktarbay, Zhexenbek
2021-11-25T08:43:03Z
2021-11-25T08:43:03Z
2021-09-13
Akhmetzhan, A., Abeu, N., Longinos, S. Nik., Tashenov, A., Myrzakhmetova, N., Amangeldi, N., Kuanyshova, Z., Ospanova, Z., & Toktarbay, Z. (2021). Synthesis and Heavy-Metal Sorption Studies of N,N-Dimethylacrylamide-Based Hydrogels. In Polymers (Vol. 13, Issue 18, p. 3084). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13183084
2073-4360
https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13183084
In this work, a hydrogel system was produced via radical polymerization of N,N‐dimethylacrylamide and 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid in the presence of N,N‐methylenebis‐acrylamide as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate as an initiator. Parameters that impact the conversion of copolymerization (such as initial concentration of monomers, temperature, initiator dose, and time) were studied. The swelling degree of the hydrogel was investigated with the addition of a crosslinker and initiator at different pH levels. A hydrogel with high conversion and high swelling degree was selected to investigate their ability for adsorption of Pb(II) ions from solutions. Adsorption behavior of Pb(II) ions in a hydrogel was examined as a function of reaction time and concentration of lead ions from a solution of Pb(II) ions.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
AMPS
Crosslinker
DMAA
Hydrogel
Metal‐ion adsorption
Swelling ratio
Type of access: Open Access
SYNTHESIS AND HEAVY-METAL SORPTION STUDIES OF N,N-DIMETHYLACRYLAMIDE-BASED HYDROGELS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5907/1/Article+4.pdf
File
MD5
4b6e0f45a05065652ebfe5a71071d9b4
2462270
application/pdf
Article 4.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5907/4/Article+4.pdf.txt
File
MD5
7f32d93c78b290e26d3c57e50745d177
36250
text/plain
Article 4.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/59802022-02-04T06:15:00Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Abbas, Azza Hashim
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Sulaiman, Wan Rosli Wan
author
Jaafar, Mohd Zaidi
author
Nyakuma, Bemgba B.
2022-01-20T08:28:52Z
2022-01-20T08:28:52Z
2021-07-12
Abbas, A. H., Pourafshary, P., Wan Sulaiman, W. R., Jaafar, M. Z., & Nyakuma, B. B. (2021). Toward Reducing Surfactant Adsorption on Clay Minerals by Lignin for Enhanced Oil Recovery Application. ACS Omega, 6(29), 18651–18662. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c01342
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/5980
The significant loss of surfactants during reservoir flooding is a
challenge in oil field operations. The presence of clay minerals affects the
surfactant performance, resulting in surfactant losses. This is because the
mineralogical composition of the reservoir results in unpredicted adsorption
quantity. Therefore, this paper seeks to investigate Aerosol-OT’s adsorption
on different quartz/clay mineral compositions during the flow. Also, it
investigates adsorption mitigation by preflushing with lignin. The dynamic
experiments were conducted on sand packs composed of quartz-sand and up
to a 7% clay mineral content. The results obtained from the surfactant losses
were compared with/without lignin preflush at different pH values. The main
observation was the direct relationship between increasing the composition
of clay minerals and the surfactant pore volume required to overcome the
adsorption. The highest adsorption calculated was 46 g/kg for 7% kaolinite.
Moreover, lignin successfully reduced the adsorption of Aerosol-OT by 60%.
Therefore, the results demonstrate that the effects of the clay mineral content on adsorption could be efficiently minimized using
lignin at a high pH.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
surfactant
Aerosol-OT’s adsorption
TOWARD REDUCING SURFACTANT ADSORPTION ON CLAY MINERALS BY LIGNIN FOR ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY APPLICATION
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5980/1/acsomega.1c01342.pdf
File
MD5
aa33637fcfd3d27b07b4d99d50671f9d
3067173
application/pdf
acsomega.1c01342.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5980/4/acsomega.1c01342.pdf.txt
File
MD5
61c735c4347c39348a608b96802265c6
47209
text/plain
acsomega.1c01342.pdf.txt
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/5980/4/acsomega.1c01342.pdf.txt
File
MD5
61c735c4347c39348a608b96802265c6
47209
text/plain
acsomega.1c01342.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/60312023-11-11T14:45:23Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Bazhanova, Meruyet
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
2022-02-08T12:33:57Z
2022-02-08T12:33:57Z
2020-09-20
Bazhanova, M., & Pourafshary, P. (2020). Impact of SO42−, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ions in Caspian Sea ion-engineered water on the rate of wettability alteration in carbonates. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 10(8), 3281–3293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-020-01006-z
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6031
Tuning the salinity and concentration of potential-determining ions, such as Mg2+, Ca2+, and SO4
2−, could alter the wettability
toward a more water-wet state. The rate of alteration in carbonate rock wettability is a critical parameter to design the duration
of the ion-engineered water fooding. Characteristic experiments, such as dynamic contact angle and pH measurements, ion
chromatography, and spontaneous imbibition, are applied to study the rate of wettability alteration using diferent samples
of ion-engineered water. Our study shows that the Caspian Sea water (CSW) with a salinity of 15,000 ppm is an efcient
displacing fuid as it can initiate the multi-ion exchange (MIE) mechanism and alter the wettability from 86° to 35° within
2 d. The adjustment of salinity and active ion concentration makes the MIE mechanism much faster. For example, with fve
times diluted CSW, the same change in wettability is only achieved only within 9 h. Spiking the concentration of Ca2+ and
SO4
2− ions is used to further shift the contact angle to 22° within 9 h. Spontaneous imbibition tests demonstrate that the rate
of oil production doubles as a result of the ion-engineered brine due to the faster MIE process. The results obtained from this
research work suggest that even a short period of interaction with optimized engineered water can afect the brine, oil, and
carbonates interactions and change the reservoir rock initial wettability from neutral to strongly water-wet state. This allows
to efciently design engineered water fooding based on CSW in the feld scale and make such projects more proftable.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Ion-engineered water
Low salinity water
Caspian sea
Wettability
Active ions
IMPACT OF SO42−, CA2+, AND MG2+ IONS IN CASPIAN SEA ION-ENGINEERED WATER ON THE RATE OF WETTABILITY ALTERATION IN CARBONATES
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6031/1/Bazhanova-Pourafshary2020_Article_ImpactOfSO42Ca2AndMg2IonsInCas.pdf
File
MD5
c06d2e71054eaed446e43f66ea76a373
1215842
application/pdf
Bazhanova-Pourafshary2020_Article_ImpactOfSO42Ca2AndMg2IonsInCas.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6031/4/Bazhanova-Pourafshary2020_Article_ImpactOfSO42Ca2AndMg2IonsInCas.pdf.txt
File
MD5
74067b1b7d5ffbb2796618ef21c4af14
47030
text/plain
Bazhanova-Pourafshary2020_Article_ImpactOfSO42Ca2AndMg2IonsInCas.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/60322023-11-11T14:45:23Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Bou-Hamdan, Kamel Fahmi
author
Abbas, Azza Hashim
2022-02-08T12:53:40Z
2022-02-08T12:53:40Z
2021-12-02
Bou-Hamdan, K. F., & Abbas, A. H. (2021). Utilizing Ultrasonic Waves in the Investigation of Contact Stresses, Areas, and Embedment of Spheres in Manufactured Materials Replicating Proppants and Brittle Rocks. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-021-06409-6
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6032
In the oil and gas industry, hydraulic fracturing (HF) is a common application to create additional permeability in unconventional reservoirs. Using proppant in HF requires understanding the interactions with rocks such as shale, and the mechanical
aspects of their contacts. However, these studies are limited in literature and inconclusive. Therefore, the current research aims
to apply a novel method, mainly ultrasound, to investigate the proppant embedment phenomena for different rocks. The study
used proppant materials that are susceptible to fractures (glass) and others that are hard and do not break (steel). Additionally,
the materials used to represent brittle shale rocks (polycarbonate and phenolic) were based on the ratio of elastic modulus
to yield strength (E/Y). A combination of experimental and numerical modeling was used to investigate the contact stresses,
deformation, and vertical displacement. The results showed that the relation between the stresses and ultrasound reflection
coefficient follows a power-law equation, which validated the method application. From the experiments, plastic deformation
was encountered in phenolic surfaces despite the corresponding contacted material. Also, the phenolic stresses showed a
difference compared to polycarbonate for both high and low loads, which is explained by the high attenuation coefficient of
phenolic that limited the quality of the reflected signal. The extent of vertical displacements surrounding the contact zone
was greater for the polycarbonate materials due to the lower E/Y, while the phenolic material was limited to smaller areas not
exceeding 50% of polycarbonate for all tested load conditions. Therefore, the study confirms that part of the contact energy
in phenolic material was dissipated in the plastic deformation, indicating greater proppant embedment, and leading to a loss
in fracture conductivity for rocks of higher E/Y
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Hydraulic fracture
Contact stresses
Phenolic
Polycarbonate
Proppant embedment
Unconventional reservoirs
Ultrasonic waves
Vertical displacement
Spheres
UTILIZING ULTRASONIC WAVES IN THE INVESTIGATION OF CONTACT STRESSES, AREAS, AND EMBEDMENT OF SPHERES IN MANUFACTURED MATERIALS REPLICATING PROPPANTS AND BRITTLE ROCKS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6032/1/Bou-Hamdan-Abbas2021_Article_UtilizingUltrasonicWavesInTheI.pdf
File
MD5
08b33ef34c8e3516b1c6cb168220d506
2861195
application/pdf
Bou-Hamdan-Abbas2021_Article_UtilizingUltrasonicWavesInTheI.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6032/4/Bou-Hamdan-Abbas2021_Article_UtilizingUltrasonicWavesInTheI.pdf.txt
File
MD5
462ada67e1cce82763a3a2936328c887
51966
text/plain
Bou-Hamdan-Abbas2021_Article_UtilizingUltrasonicWavesInTheI.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/60362023-11-11T14:45:28Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Khan, Javed Akbar
author
Irawan, Sonny
author
Dan, Iliyas Bin Md
author
Cai, Baoping
2022-02-09T07:25:10Z
2022-02-09T07:25:10Z
2021
Khan, J. A., Irawan, S., Dan, I. B. M., & Cai, B. (2022). Determining the difference of kick tolerance with single bubble and dynamic multiphase models: Evaluation of well-control with water/synthetic based muds. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 13(4), 101678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2021.101678
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6036
Determining the magnitude of an influx into the wellbore when a kick event occurs is very important
during well design as well as the well execution phases. This research is conducted to determine the kick
tolerance where the single bubble phase model is applied and also to compare it with the dynamic mul tiphase model. The information on the well and the parameters used are taken from the high pressure
and high temperature well drilled in Malaysia. Dynamic multiphase modelling is capable of supporting
more kick volume compared to single bubble gas phase modelling where it considers multiple fluid phase
in an influx and applies the gas characteristic to have a multiphase pressure loss. Dynamic multiphase
gives more kick tolerance to fracture the weakest point at the casing shoe where single bubble gas phase
is more conservative when it allows influx. The effect of pore pressure, mud weight, mud type, oil com position in mud, as well as the circulation kill rate are explored in dynamic multiphase. Increasing the
mud weight in either case reduces the maximum allowable kick volume of an influx due to the reduction
in MAASP between fracture pressure and hydrostatic pressure at the casing shoe. Higher kick volume can
be achieved using WBM compared to SBM. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is performed from the
dynamic multiphase simulations to analyze the impact on the kick tolerance during the increase in
mud weight as well as the pore pressure uncertainties. Moreover, the impact of kick tolerance has been
investigated when different types of mud are used, such as water-based mud and synthetic-based mud.
Based on the accuracy of the presented procedure, the prediction of kick tolerance from dynamic multiphase modelling can be used as a guideline to identify the behavior of an influx when a kick event occurs.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Kick tolerance
Well control
Water/synthetic based mud
Drilling
Dyanamic multiphae model
DETERMINING THE DIFFERENCE OF KICK TOLERANCE WITH SINGLE BUBBLE AND DYNAMIC MULTIPHASE MODELS: EVALUATION OF WELL-CONTROL WITH WATER/ SYNTHETIC BASED MUDS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6036/1/Determining+the+difference+of+kick.pdf
File
MD5
d3b041b07f7163b1a84e0ccbe1bef93b
3468560
application/pdf
Determining the difference of kick.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6036/4/Determining+the+difference+of+kick.pdf.txt
File
MD5
9d197a5f14c83a76a257d02c9067f324
84665
text/plain
Determining the difference of kick.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/60442023-11-11T14:45:35Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Xu, Shuai
author
Hou, Pengyuan
author
Li, Runran
author
Suorineni, Fidelis T.
2022-02-15T08:53:33Z
2022-02-15T08:53:33Z
2021
Xu, S., Hou, P., Li, R., & Suorineni, F. T. (2021). An improved outer pipe method for expansive pressure measurement of static cracking agents. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmst.2021.11.011
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6044
Static cracking agent (SCA) is actively investigated as an alternative to explosive blasting for rock break age due to its immense expansion property. SCA can eliminate the negative effects of shock, noise and
harmful gases encountered in explosive blasting processes. Accurate measurement and deep understand ing of the expansive properties of SCAs are important in their industrial application. An improved outer
pipe method (OPM), termed the upper end surface method (UESM), is proposed in this paper to overcome
the shortcomings of the OPM in the expansive pressure measurement of SCAs. Numerical simulation is
used to proof the concept and a mathematical model established to relate the internal pressure and
the radial strains at different positions in the upper end surface method test equipment. The new equip ment is calibrated using oil pressure and strain measurements. The calibrated equipment is then used to
measure the expansion pressure of SCA at three different water contents to proof its potential. The dif ferences in the measurements with OPM and UESM at three different moisture contents are less than
4%. The experimental results confirm the accuracy and applicability of the more user friendly and less
expensive UESM in the measurement of the expansive pressures of SCAs.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Static cracking agent
Hydration reaction
Expansive pressure measurement
Outer pipe method
Upper end surface method
Numerical simulation
AN IMPROVED OUTER PIPE METHOD FOR EXPANSIVE PRESSURE MEASUREMENT OF STATIC CRACKING AGENTS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6044/1/An+improved+outer+pipe+method+for+expansive+pressure+measurement.pdf
File
MD5
8bd8ae8f5078c5e3d904bd02efa64d88
2628277
application/pdf
An improved outer pipe method for expansive pressure measurement.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6044/4/An+improved+outer+pipe+method+for+expansive+pressure+measurement.pdf.txt
File
MD5
e43a0ad924c5e2a5f5ba9735397c5ff8
69772
text/plain
An improved outer pipe method for expansive pressure measurement.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/60492023-11-11T14:45:37Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Parsajoo, Maryam
author
Mohammed, Ahmed Salih
author
Yagiz, Saffet
author
Armaghani, Danial Jahed
author
Khandelwal, Manoj
2022-02-16T10:51:37Z
2022-02-16T10:51:37Z
2021-10-04
Parsajoo, M., Mohammed, A. S., Yagiz, S., Armaghani, D. J., & Khandelwal, M. (2021). An evolutionary adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for estimating field penetration index of tunnel boring machine in rock mass. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 13(6), 1290–1299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2021.05.010
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6049
Field penetration index (FPI) is one of the representative key parameters to examine the tunnel boring
machine (TBM) performance. Lack of accurate FPI prediction can be responsible for numerous disastrous
incidents associated with rock mechanics and engineering. This study aims to predict TBM performance
(i.e. FPI) by an efficient and improved adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model. This was
done using an evolutionary algorithm, i.e. artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm mixed with the ANFIS
model. The role of ABC algorithm in this system is to find the optimum membership functions (MFs) of
ANFIS model to achieve a higher degree of accuracy. The procedure and modeling were conducted on a
tunnelling database comprising of more than 150 data samples where brittleness index (BI), fracture
spacing, a angle between the plane of weakness and the TBM driven direction, and field single cutter
load were assigned as model inputs to approximate FPI values. According to the results obtained by
performance indices, the proposed ANFIS_ABC model was able to receive the highest accuracy level in
predicting FPI values compared with ANFIS model. In terms of coefficient of determination (R2
), the
values of 0.951 and 0.901 were obtained for training and testing stages of the proposed ANFIS_ABC
model, respectively, which confirm its power and capability in solving TBM performance problem. The
proposed model can be used in the other areas of rock mechanics and underground space technologies
with similar conditions
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Tunnel boring machine (TBM)
Field penetration index (FPI)
Neuro-fuzzy technique
Evolutionary computation
Artificial bee colony (ABC)
AN EVOLUTIONARY ADAPTIVE NEURO-FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM FOR ESTIMATING FIELD PENETRATION INDEX OF TUNNEL BORING MACHINE IN ROCK MASS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6049/1/An+evolutionary+adaptive+neuro-fuzzy+inference+system+for+estimating.pdf
File
MD5
f1e36a8bdbf93b12d831dab22adb943a
2064430
application/pdf
An evolutionary adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for estimating.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6049/4/An+evolutionary+adaptive+neuro-fuzzy+inference+system+for+estimating.pdf.txt
File
MD5
ccbed70a083d65cb40ed546e86ff9095
47904
text/plain
An evolutionary adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for estimating.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/60502023-11-11T14:45:38Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Yang, Jie
author
Liu, Yingjing
author
Yagiz, Saffet
author
Laouafa, Farid
2022-02-16T11:10:48Z
2022-02-16T11:10:48Z
2021-10-05
Yang, J., Liu, Y., Yagiz, S., & Laouafa, F. (2021). An intelligent procedure for updating deformation prediction of braced excavation in clay using gated recurrent unit neural networks. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 13(6), 1485–1499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2021.07.011
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6050
This paper aims to establish an intelligent procedure that combines the observational method with the
existing deep learning technique for updating deformation of braced excavation in clay. The gated
recurrent unit (GRU) neural network is adopted to formulate the forecast model and learn the potential
rules in the field observations using the Nesterov-accelerated Adam (Nadam) algorithm. In the proposed
procedure, the GRU-based forecast model is first trained based on the field data of previous and current
stages. Then, the field data of the current stage are used as input to predict the deformation response of
the next stage via the previously trained GRU-based forecast model. This updating process will loop up
till the end of the excavation. This procedure has the advantage of directly predicting the deformation
response of unexcavated stages based on the monitoring data. The proposed intelligent procedure is
verified on two well-documented cases in terms of accuracy and reliability. The results indicate that both
wall deflection and ground settlement are accurately predicted as the excavation proceeds. Furthermore,
the advantages of the proposed intelligent procedure compared with the Bayesian/optimization updating
are illustrated.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Braced excavation
Deep learning
Clay
Wall deflection
Ground settlement
Deformation updating
AN INTELLIGENT PROCEDURE FOR UPDATING DEFORMATION PREDICTION OF BRACED EXCAVATION IN CLAY USING GATED RECURRENT UNIT NEURAL NETWORKS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6050/1/An+intelligent+procedure+for+updating+deformation+prediction.pdf
File
MD5
75fd2e1e5e4fad63c863ce2aec1db7ad
4086659
application/pdf
An intelligent procedure for updating deformation prediction.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6050/4/An+intelligent+procedure+for+updating+deformation+prediction.pdf.txt
File
MD5
040b90cb47712b7af95043ecf864d991
49965
text/plain
An intelligent procedure for updating deformation prediction.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/60692023-11-11T14:45:44Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Issakhov, Miras
author
Shakeel, Mariam
author
Pourafshary, Peyman
author
Aidarova, Saule
author
Sharipova, Altynay
2022-02-24T06:11:19Z
2022-02-24T06:11:19Z
2021
Issakhov, M., Shakeel, M., Pourafshary, P., Aidarova, S., & Sharipova, A. (2021). Hybrid surfactant-nanoparticles assisted CO2 foam flooding for improved foam stability: A review of principles and applications. Petroleum Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptlrs.2021.10.004
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6069
Miscible carbon dioxide (CO2) flooding is a well-established and promising enhanced oil recovery (EOR)
technique whereby residual oil is recovered by mixing with injected CO2 gas. However, CO2, being very
light and less viscous than reservoir crude oil, results in inefficient sweep efficiency. Extensive research is
ongoing to improve CO2 mobility control such as the development and generation of CO2/water foams.
The long-term stability of foam during the period of flooding is a known issue and must be considered
during the design stage of any CO2 foam flooding project. The foam stability can be improved by adding
surfactants as stabilizers, but surfactants generated foams have generally a shorter life because of an
unstable interface. Furthermore, surfactants are prone to higher retention and chemical degradation in
the porous media, particularly under harsh reservoir conditions. Research has shown that nanoparticles
(NPs) can act as an excellent stabilizing agent for CO2/water foams owing to their surface chemistry and
high adsorption energy. The foams generated using NPs are more stable and provide better mobility
control compared to surfactant-stabilized foams. One limitation of using NPs as foam stabilizers is their
colloidal stability which limits the use of low-cost NPs. Combining surfactants and NPs for CO2 foam
stabilization is a novel approach and has gained interest among researchers in recent years. Surfactants
improve the dispersion of NPs in the aqueous phase and minimize particle aggregation. NPs on the other
hand create a stable barrier at the CO2/water interface with the help of surfactants, thus generating
highly stable and viscous foams. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the basic principles and
applications of stabilized CO2 foams. A brief overview of CO2 foam flooding is discussed first, followed by
a review of standalone surfactant-stabilized and NPs-stabilized CO2/water foams. The application of
hybrid surfactant-NPs stabilized CO2 foams is then presented and areas requiring further investigation
are highlighted. This review provides an insight into a novel approach to stabilize CO2/water foams and
the effectiveness of the method as proved by various studies
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
CO2 flooding
Foam flooding
Nanoparticles
Surfactants
Foam stabilization
Interfacial adsorption
HYBRID SURFACTANT-NANOPARTICLES ASSISTED CO2 FOAM FLOODING FOR IMPROVED FOAM STABILITY: A REVIEW OF PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6069/1/Hybrid+surfactant-nanoparticles+assisted.pdf
File
MD5
f1488ad56e405a56d80a32b6c9d63a81
3066177
application/pdf
Hybrid surfactant-nanoparticles assisted.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6069/4/Hybrid+surfactant-nanoparticles+assisted.pdf.txt
File
MD5
10408ae1ede770db2e3fc944585cb26a
103185
text/plain
Hybrid surfactant-nanoparticles assisted.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/60772023-11-11T14:45:21Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Yang, Jie
author
Yagiz, Saffet
author
Liu, Ying-Jing
author
Laouafa, Farid
2022-03-01T08:13:59Z
2022-03-01T08:13:59Z
2021-05-14
Yang, J., Yagiz, S., Liu, Y. J., & Laouafa, F. (2022). Comprehensive evaluation of machine learning algorithms applied to TBM performance prediction. Underground Space, 7(1), 37–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2021.04.003
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6077
To date, the accurate prediction of tunnel boring machine (TBM) performance remains a considerable challenge owing to the complex
interactions between the TBM and ground. Using evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR) and random forest (RF), this study devel ops two novel prediction models for TBM performance. Both models can predict the TBM penetration rate and field penetration index as
outputs with four input parameters: the uniaxial compressive strength, intact rock brittleness index, distance between planes of weakness,
and angle between the tunnel axis and planes of weakness (a). First, the performances of both EPR- and RF-based models are examined
by comparison with the conventional numerical regression method (i.e., multivariate linear regression). Subsequently, the performances
of the RF- and EPR-based models are further investigated and compared, including the model robustness for unknown datasets, interior
relationships between input and output parameters, and variable importance. The results indicate that the RF-based model has greater
prediction accuracy, particularly in identifying outliers, whereas the EPR-based model is more convenient to use by field engineers owing
to its explicit expression. Both EPR- and RF-based models can accurately identify the relationships between the input and output param eters. This ensures their excellent generalization ability and high prediction accuracy on unknown datasets.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Tunnel boring machine
Evolutionary polynomial regression
Random forest
Optimization
Regularization
COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS APPLIED TO TBM PERFORMANCE PREDICTION
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6077/1/Comprehensive+evaluation+of+machine+learning+algorithms+applied.pdf
File
MD5
5e0e55dd0205293e613e44c2f258681f
1384222
application/pdf
Comprehensive evaluation of machine learning algorithms applied.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6077/4/Comprehensive+evaluation+of+machine+learning+algorithms+applied.pdf.txt
File
MD5
c85826c25aad15756295101418e26197
47277
text/plain
Comprehensive evaluation of machine learning algorithms applied.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/60822023-11-11T14:45:27Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Tatar, Afshin
author
Askarova, Ingkar
author
Shafiei, Ali
author
Rayhani, Mahsheed
2022-03-02T10:07:15Z
2022-03-02T10:07:15Z
2021-11-16
Tatar, A., Askarova, I., Shafiei, A., & Rayhani, M. (2021). Data-Driven Connectionist Models for Performance Prediction of Low Salinity Waterflooding in Sandstone Reservoirs. ACS Omega, 6(47), 32304–32326. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c05493
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6082
Low salinity waterflooding (LSWF) and its variants also known as smart water or ion tuned water injection have
emerged as promising enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods. LSWF is a complex process controlled by several mechanisms and
parameters involving oil, brine, and rock composition. The major mechanisms and processes controlling LSWF are still being
debated in the literature. Thus, the establishment of an approach that relates these parameters to the final recovery factor (RFf
) is
vital. The main objective of this research work was to use a number of artificial intelligence models to develop robust predictive
models based on experimental data and main parameters controlling the LSWF determined through sensitivity analysis and feature
selection. The parameters include properties of oil, rock, injected brine, and connate water. Different operational parameters were
considered to increase the model accuracy as well. After collecting the relevant data from 99 experimental studies reported in the
literature, the database underwent a comprehensive and rigorous data preprocessing stage, which included removal of duplicates and
low-variance features, missing value imputation, collinearity assessment, data characteristic assessment, outlier removal, feature
selection, data splitting (80−20 rule was applied), and data scaling. Then, a number of methods such as linear regression (LR),
multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector machine (SVM), and committee machine intelligent system (CMIS) were used to link
1316 data samples assembled in this research work. Based on the obtained results, the CMIS model was proven to produce superior
results compared to its counterparts such that the root mean squared rrror (RMSE) values for both training and testing data are
4.622 and 7.757, respectively. Based on the feature importance results, the presence of Ca2+ in the connate water, Na+ in the injected
brine, core porosity, and total acid number of the crude oil are detected as the parameters with the highest impact on the RFf
. The
CMIS model proposed here can be applied with a high degree of confidence to predict the performance of LSWF in sandstone
reservoirs. The database assembled for the purpose of this research work is so far the largest and most comprehensive of its kind, and
it can be used to further delineate mechanisms behind LSWF and optimization of this EOR process in sandstone reservoirs
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Low salinity waterflooding
DATA-DRIVEN CONNECTIONIST MODELS FOR PERFORMANCE PREDICTION OF LOW SALINITY WATERFLOODING IN SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6082/1/Data-Driven+Connectionist+Models+for+Performance+Prediction.pdf
File
MD5
77ebf8b65768b95aab4c2363e1b4431c
5695388
application/pdf
Data-Driven Connectionist Models for Performance Prediction.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6082/4/Data-Driven+Connectionist+Models+for+Performance+Prediction.pdf.txt
File
MD5
aad4ed1ef79c643da5dd7364665e08b8
105038
text/plain
Data-Driven Connectionist Models for Performance Prediction.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/61192022-05-12T17:09:30Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Abulkhair, Sultan
author
Madani, Nasser
2022-04-26T12:13:35Z
2022-04-26T12:13:35Z
2021
Abulkhair, S., & Madani, N. (2021). Assessing heterotopic searching strategy in hierarchical cosimulation for modeling the variables with inequality constraints. In Comptes Rendus. Géoscience (Vol. 353, Issue 1, pp. 115–134). Cellule MathDoc/CEDRAM. https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.58
1631-0713
https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.5802/crgeos.58/
A hierarchical sequential Gaussian cosimulation method is applied in this study for modeling the variables with an inequality constraint in the bivariate relationship. An algorithm is improved by embedding an inverse transform sampling technique in the second simulation to reproduce bivariate complexity and accelerate the process of cosimulation. A heterotopic simple cokriging (SCK) is also proposed, which introduces two moving neighborhoods: single and multiple searching strategies in both steps of the hierarchical process. The proposed algorithm is tested over a real case study from an iron deposit where iron and aluminum oxide shows a strong bivariate dependency as well as a sharp inequality constraint. The results showed that the proposed hierarchical cosimulation with a multiple searching strategy provides satisfying results compared to the case when a single searching strategy is employed. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is compared to the conventional hierarchical cosimulation, which does not implement the inverse transform sampling integrated into the second simulation. The proposed methodology successfully reproduces inequality constraint, while conventional hierarchical cosimulation fails in this regard. However, it is demonstrated that the proposed methodology requires further improvement for better reproduction of global statistics (i.e., mean and standard deviation).
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Multivariate geostatistics
Inequality constraint
Cosimulation
Heterotopic sampling
Cok-riging neighborhood
Carajas mine
ASSESSING HETEROTOPIC SEARCHING STRATEGY IN HIERARCHICAL COSIMULATION FOR MODELING THE VARIABLES WITH INEQUALITY CONSTRAINTS
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6119/1/Article+5.pdf
File
MD5
198f93007243a8ccc77e28826acad923
3222084
application/pdf
Article 5.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6119/4/Article+5.pdf.txt
File
MD5
cd6f541c04c2c865af4f147872478622
52145
text/plain
Article 5.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/61282022-05-12T17:09:51Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_2551
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Yermukhanbetov, K
author
Yazitova, A
author
Yagiz, S
2022-04-30T17:53:28Z
2022-04-30T17:53:28Z
2021
Yermukhanbetov, K., Yazitova, A., & Yagiz, S. (2021). Comparison of strength-based rock brittleness indices with the brittleness index measured via Yagiz’s approaches. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 833(1), 012038. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/833/1/012038
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6128
Rock brittleness is one of the most significant properties of rock having a major impact
not only on the failure process of intact rock but also on the response of rock mass to rock
excavation. In fact, the brittleness is a combination of rock properties including not only the
uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and Brazilian tensile strength (BTS) but also density and
porosity of rocks. Due to that, the brittleness should be examined very carefully for any
excavation projects, i.e., mechanized excavation, drilling and blasting. The aim of this paper is
to compare the strength-based brittleness indices with both the rock brittleness index (BIo),
directly obtained via punch penetration test (PPT) and also estimated via Yagiz's approach (BI1)
as a function of strengths and density of rocks. For the aim, database including more than 45
tunnel cases are used to compute common rock brittleness indices (BI2, BI3, BI4), different
combination of UCS and BTS. Further, these indices are compared with both BIo and BI1 as well
as each other. It is found that the BIo and BI1 have a significant relations (ranging of
determination coefficients (r2
) from 0.69 to 0.88 with strength-based brittleness indices
commonly used in practice. Also, based on findings, several rock brittleness classifications are
also revised herein
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
Rock brittleness
COMPARISON OF STRENGTH-BASED ROCK BRITTLENESS INDICES WITH THE BRITTLENESS INDEX MEASURED VIA YAGIZ'S APPROACHES
Article
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6128/1/Yermukhanbetov_2021_IOP_Conf._Ser.__Earth_Environ._Sci._833_012038.pdf
File
MD5
b699489ab181128febeb56e19712e0c3
948969
application/pdf
Yermukhanbetov_2021_IOP_Conf._Ser.__Earth_Environ._Sci._833_012038.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6128/4/Yermukhanbetov_2021_IOP_Conf._Ser.__Earth_Environ._Sci._833_012038.pdf.txt
File
MD5
8c4477bc8ca8b91cea3fb17b6e9c8e1a
19420
text/plain
Yermukhanbetov_2021_IOP_Conf._Ser.__Earth_Environ._Sci._833_012038.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/61292022-05-12T17:09:34Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Aliyev, Adilet
2022-05-03T04:01:57Z
2022-05-03T04:01:57Z
2022-05
Aliyev, A. (2021). Comparison of Capacitance-Resistance Model and Tracer Flooding to Estimate Interwell Connectivity (Unpublished master's thesis). Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6129
When it comes to managing waterflooding activities in a field, interwell connection is a critical factor to consider. This parameter is important to be analyzed to determine the distribution of injected fluids in a reservoir and toward the producing wells. The Capacitance-Resistance Model (CRM), which was first developed in the early 2000s, is an analytical technique for waterflooding modeling and optimization. Producing and injecting data are utilized as input in order to calculate the material balance and estimate factors such as the interwell connectivity of the wells. This study was focused on the accuracy of applying the Capacitance-Resistance Model to estimate the interwell connectivity and compare it with results obtained by tracer flooding tests. A technique like this allows for a more accurate assessment of the link between the wells as well as a more cost-effective and timely choice on the next field development stages. Data from tracer tests and CRM were used to determine connectivity values for synthetic and actual fields, which were then examined and compared. CRM was capable of modeling floods and estimating production in these areas with a level of accuracy that was acceptable. In order to increase the accuracy of the CRM technique used to compute the interwell connection between injector/producer pairs, other parameters such as well spacing and fluid loss during the injection were taken into consideration. CRM, according to our findings, may be used to provide a rapid approximation of interwell connection under specific assumptions, and it is suggested as a substitute for tracer flooding analysis in situations when the tracer test is either not feasible or too costly to do.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
CRM
Type of access: Embargo
Capacitance-Resistance Model
Interwell Connectivity
Tracer Flooding
COMPARISON OF CAPACITANCE-RESISTANCE MODEL AND TRACER FLOODING TO ESTIMATE INTERWELL CONNECTIVITY
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6129/1/Thesis+Adilet+Aliyev.pdf
File
MD5
f3ce543b3d6c9ac2e564fe70cbdd1932
1632742
application/pdf
Thesis Adilet Aliyev.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6129/4/Thesis+Adilet+Aliyev.pdf.txt
File
MD5
3346ed127bd5c1447402316c94f96afd
134060
text/plain
Thesis Adilet Aliyev.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/61302022-05-12T17:09:40Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Ulasbek, Kassymzhomart
2022-05-03T04:01:58Z
2022-05-03T04:01:58Z
2022-05
Ulasbek, K. (2021). Laboratory Investigation of Nano-Polymer Flooding in Carbonate Reservoirs (Unpublished master's thesis). Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6130
The traditional chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) method like polymer flooding is widely used in the petroleum industry. However, a new method of chemical EOR has been paid much attention in the field of research. It comprises a combination of silica nanoparticles with polymer. Researchers have conducted various experiments on silica nanoparticles/polymers flooding.
The focus of this study is to investigate the silica nanoparticle's behavior dissolved in hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) by coreflooding experiments and calculate the oil recovery. It is known that polymer solution has a high viscosity, decreases the mobility ratio, thus, affects to the macroscopic sweep efficiency, which increases the oil recovery. At the same time, it was investigated that nanoparticles have the capability of wettability alteration, decreasing the interfacial tension (IFT) and protection from polymer degradation, therefore, increasing the microscopic sweep efficiency.
The optimum concentrations for hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (2000 ppm) and silica nanoparticles (0.1 wt %) were selected via rheology experiments and contact angle measurements. Zeta-potential tests showed an addition of salt decreases the stability of nano-silica/polymer solutions. The result of the contact angle measurements revealed that silica nanoparticles alter the wettability of surfaces. For 0.1 wt % nanoparticle solution, there is a maximum deviation of 45.6° in contact angle. Rheology experiments indicate that the addition of silica nanoparticles to polymer solution increases the viscosity, so the nano-silica/polymer has a higher viscosity than the polymer solution itself. A series of core flooding experiments are provided using brine, hydrocarbon, polymer, silica nanoparticles, and salt. The maximum oil recovery of 87.045 % was determined from the second scenario, injecting silica nanofluid followed by nano-assisted polymer solution as an EOR technique.
It is a unique study since different flooding sequences are applied combining silica nanoparticles and modified synthetic polymer. Therefore, the use of silica nanofluid followed by nano-assisted polymer solutions as an EOR technique demonstrated a great impact on oil recovery mechanisms. In porous media, silica nanoparticles enhance the performance of polymer solutions. Such research will open new avenues for hybrid EOR applications.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
EOR
coreflooding
nanoparticles
polymer
Type of access: Embargo
wettability alteration
oil recovery
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION OF NANO-POLYMER FLOODING IN CARBONATE RESERVOIRS
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6130/4/Thesis+-+Kassymzhomart+Ulasbek.pdf
File
MD5
239ad4732965fafe8b109b1633969ece
4073260
application/pdf
Thesis - Kassymzhomart Ulasbek.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6130/5/Thesis+-+Kassymzhomart+Ulasbek.pdf.txt
File
MD5
f33b8cd9c5844a6e52276720a0d28ccf
132099
text/plain
Thesis - Kassymzhomart Ulasbek.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/61332022-05-12T17:09:44Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Azhibay, Seribolat
2022-05-03T05:53:36Z
2022-05-03T05:53:36Z
2022-05
Azhibay, S. (2021). Assessing Mining Productivity in Kazakhstan: Industry and Firm-Level Analysis (Unpublished master's thesis). Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6133
Productivity plays an essential role in the mining industry: its improvement is significant for domestic producers' long-term economic growth and competitiveness in the world market. Starting from the late nineteenth century, productivity has been increasing due to accessibility of high-grade ores, development in technology, innovations, improvement of the quality of healthcare, and workers’ education. However, in recent years, productivity has been decreasing worldwide. The main reasons cited for this decline are resource depletion, increasing costs for extracting lower quality and less accessible reserves, and reduced efficiency of existing, outdated technology and techniques. Understanding various factors affecting productivity can lead to better counteracting of these effects. Thus, mining productivity and factors that impact it need to be studied.
This study investigates labor productivity in Kazakhstan’s mining industry from 2001 to 2020 with the main focus on energy consumption, expenditures on labor, capital, also on growth rates of production, employment, investment, and wages. In addition, it analyzes the relationship between productivity and key factors: capital per worker, energy intensity, recovery rate, head grade, waste ratio, and copper share, in the local firm KazMinerals. The results of statistical analysis for industry-level and regression analysis for the firm-level data indicate that regional industrial labor productivity has increased over the past twenty years by more than 5% on average. Furthermore, the research shows a high correlation between productivity and ore grade, recovery rate, energy consumption, and capital per worker.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Type of access: Open Access
mining productivity
firm-level analysis
mining industry
waste ratio
KazMinerals
ASSESSING MINING PRODUCTIVITY IN KAZAKHSTAN: INDUSTRY AND FIRM-LEVEL ANALYSIS
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6133/1/Thesis+-+Seribolat+Azhibay.pdf
File
MD5
8c17e936f96f8b4d53e4b8162efa851d
1846657
application/pdf
Thesis - Seribolat Azhibay.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6133/4/Thesis+-+Seribolat+Azhibay.pdf.txt
File
MD5
b6965b6296b35d0cda6c1c95d7ea8f49
93063
text/plain
Thesis - Seribolat Azhibay.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/61322022-05-12T17:09:42Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Wayo, Dennis
2022-05-03T05:53:34Z
2022-05-03T05:53:34Z
2022-05
Wayo, D. (2021). Primary Evaluation of Filter Cake Breaker in Biodegradable Synthetic-Based Drill-In-Fluid (Unpublished master's thesis). Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6132
Filter cake breakers are the means to remove filter cakes from the walls of the wellbore before completion and production. During drilling, there are layers of filter cakes formed that can’t easily be penetrated; these layers prevent drilling fluids from invading the formation or an influx of the formation fluid into the wellbore; fending of blowouts. Chemical breakers are difficult to optimize, and finding a reliable way to remove filter cakes from the wellbore in a uniform manner had been a singular difficulty for researchers. Some good engineers and operators in the industry incorrectly analyze the flow of hydrocarbons into the wellbore, resulting in the designation of wells as redundant; this is due to the causes of layered filter cakes. The thesis study conducted a laboratory evaluation of several filter cake breakers using ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), Silica dioxide (SiO2), Titanium dioxide (TiO2), and Graphene particles for better concentration optimization, and to determine how these organic acid and nanoparticles will react in a pressure, temperature regions. Also, the study formulated a biodegradable synthetic based mud drill-in-fluid (BSBMDIF) to create filter cakes using a replica of actual reservoir conditions. The methodology sought to formulate biodegradable synthetic based mud DIF which contained barite, bentonite, guar gum, caustic soda, calcium chloride, Sodium Tridecyl Ether Sulphate, graphene powder, water, and base oil, and the rheological parameters of the DIF were defined using an OFITE 900 viscometer, after which it passed the wellbore stability test. For the creation of filter cakes, HTHP filter press and Blue-M oven were utilized. Filter cakes build up in the BSBMDIF were subject to breakthrough, soaking, and injectivity tests, with the same amount of concentration measured in weights, the various filter cake breakers exhibited some level of efficiency. The organic acid, EDTA after treating filter cakes for 42 hours yielded an 80.98% efficiency, while the nanoparticles, especially Silica dioxide came close to reducing the weight of the filter cake by 69.13%. An increase in removal efficiency under this study was seen increasing the rate of return permeability, filter cakes that were treated with EDTA for 42 hours had a tremendous increase in return permeability by 74.89%, whiles graphene by contrast yielded slow permeability return by 52.97%. However, the nanoparticles under normal pressure and temperature maintained its physiochemical properties under a pressure of 100 to 500 psi and a temperature of 200℉.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
Filter Cake Thickness
Type of access: Open Access
Commercial Cake Breakers
Nanoparticles
Water-Based Muds
Biodegradable
Synthetic Based Muds
Silica and Graphene
PRIMARY EVALUATION OF FILTER CAKE BREAKER IN BIODEGRADABLE SYNTHETIC-BASED DRILL-IN-FLUID
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6132/1/Thesis+-+Wayo+Dennis+Delali.pdf
File
MD5
981b33fb5f70e1a3ffd3532076fe23bf
1946777
application/pdf
Thesis - Wayo Dennis Delali.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6132/4/Thesis+-+Wayo+Dennis+Delali.pdf.txt
File
MD5
5b377c1d81743b8076b9028119a5c1f1
102222
text/plain
Thesis - Wayo Dennis Delali.pdf.txt
oai:nur.nu.edu.kz:123456789/61312022-05-12T17:09:49Zcom_123456789_1666com_123456789_67col_123456789_4781
Nazarbayev University Repository
author
Satay, Yernur
2022-05-03T05:53:32Z
2022-05-03T05:53:32Z
2022-05
Satay, Y. (2021). Application of Hybrid Alumina/Silica Nanofluids for EOR in Carbonate Reservoirs (Unpublished master's thesis). Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/6131
Nanoparticles are gaining their attraction in EOR(Enhanced Oil Recovery) with technology development and the slump in oil prices. Nanoparticles are particles whose size is between 1 and 100 nm. Adding nanoparticles into injection fluid during the EOR process may activate many mechanisms such as wettability alteration, IFT(interfacial tension) reduction, mobility control, log-jamming effect, change in the disjoining pressure, etc. The researchers believe that the wettability alteration is the most acceptable one among all these mechanisms. Nanoparticles have many unique characteristics, such as a high surface-volume ratio, significant possibility to modify their surface, suitability and stability in harsh reservoir conditions and being environmentally friendly. The oil recovery in carbonate reservoirs is less than 40%, mainly because of the wettability effect. Due to nanoparticles ' unique characteristics and active mechanisms in the EOR process, it is very promising to implement nanofluid flooding to produce more oil from carbonate reservoirs. Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles have been largely testified in improving oil recovery before. The effect of aluminum(Al2O3) nanoparticles on EOR is also being investigated recently. However, there is little research on the hybrid(Al2O3/SiO2) nanoparticles for EOR. The combination effect of silica nanoparticles and alumina nanoparticles on EOR will be studied in this research to compare the performance of the hybrid nanoparticles with silica nanoparticles.
Firstly, zeta potential and zeta size measurements were conducted to test the stability of SiO2 nanofluid, Al2O3 nanofluid and the hybrid(Al2O3/SiO2) nanofluid. Then the contact angle was measured to analyze the nanofluid effect on rock/oil/brine systems to determine the optimum nanofluid concentration for further core flooding experiments and to testify to the wettability alteration mechanism in the EOR process. Finally, a core flooding experiment was conducted to study the performance of the optimal silica and hybrid nanofluid in enhancing oil recovery.
The stability results showed that SiO2 nanofluid could stay stable for at least 3 days without adding a stabilizer while Al2O3 nanofluid cannot remain stable even for 10 minutes after homogenization. However, with the help of the stabilizer SDBS(sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate), Al2O3 nanofluid can stay stable for 2 hours (the base fluid for dissolving nanoparticles is distilled water in all cases). From the results of contact angle measurements, considering the volume of nanoparticles used, we can get that the optimal SiO2 nanofluid's concentration is 0.1wt.%,the optimal Al2O3 nanofluid's concentration is 0.05wt.%, and the optimal hybrid nanofluid is 0.05wt.%Al2O3/0.1wt.%SiO2. The wettability alteration result indicated that none of these nanofluids altered oil-wet pellets to water-wet conditions. The optimal hybrid nanofluid works worse than the optimal SiO2 nanofluid on wettability alteration in carbonate reservoirs at 80℃ with 10 degrees difference. During the core flooding experiment, the injection rates were set at 0.5cc/m,2cc/m,5cc/m and 7 cc/m to simulate the real injection rate in the oilfield and counteract the capillary end effect. At 80℃, the CSW (Caspian Seawater) displaced 41.8% of the original oil in the core and the optimal silica nanofluid improved recovery to 45.9%, while the optimal hybrid nanofluid enhanced oil recovery to 73.1%.
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States
EOR
Type of access: Gated Access
Enhanced Oil Recovery
IFT
interfacial tension
SDBS
sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate
APPLICATION OF HYBRID ALUMINA/SILICA NANOFLUIDS FOR EOR IN CARBONATE RESERVOIRS
Master's thesis
License Agreement on accession of
Open access archives (repository) to
the autonomous organization of education Nazarbayev University

1.	General provisions
1.1. Autonomous Organization of education Nazarbayev University (hereinafter - University) offers to an individual (hereinafter – the Licensor) to use Open access archives (repository) of the University (hereinafter - Nazarbayev University Repository) on the terms set out in this license agreement on accession (hereinafter – the Agreement). The Agreement shall enter into force from the moment of expression of consent by Licensor to its terms in the manner provided in § 1.4 hereof.
1.2. The University offers to Licensor access to Nazarbayev University Repository with the aim of placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities. All Nazarbayev University services associated with Nazarbayev University Repository are the subject of herein.
1.3. The use of the Nazarbayev University Repository functions is governed by the Regulations on Nazarbayev University Repository, which is available on the Repository web site (http://nur.nu.edu.kz), and this Agreement.
1.4. Starting to use any function of Nazarbayev University Repository on placement (self-archiving) of storage facilities, Licensor is deemed to have accepted the terms of herein in full, without reservations and exceptions. In case of disagreement of the Licensor with provision hereof, he has a right not to place his publication in the Nazarbayev University Repository. If the University made changes hereto in the manner prescribed by section 4.1 hereof, with which Licensor does not agree, he has the right to terminate the Agreement with Nazarbayev University.

2. Licensor Account
2.1. In order to use the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository for placement (self-archiving), storage facilities, the Licensor shall be logged by ID card or login issued by the responsible subdivision of the University.
2.2. All actions upon usage of Nazarbayev University Repository under the account of the Licensor are considered as made by the Licensor himself, except for when the Licensor, in the manner prescribed by section 2.3 hereof, has notified the 
University about unauthorized access to his account, and (or) a privacy password of his account.

2.3. The Licensor shall immediately notify the University about any unauthorized, that is not permitted by the Licensor, access to the functions of Nazarbayev University Repository with the use of User's account and (or) a privacy password of his account.
2.4. The Licensor may not reproduce, copy, sell and use for any commercial purposes any material of Nazarbayev University Repository, including information about storage facilities available to the Licensor, except when the Licensor has received such permission from the University.

3. Terms of usage of Nazarbayev University Repository
3.1. The Licensor shall be solely liable to third parties for his actions related to the use of functions of Nazarbayev University Repository including, if such action would lead to a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties, as well as compliance with the law when using the Nazarbayev University Repository.
3.2. The Licensor shall post publication in Nazarbayev University Repository, while reserving the right of independent use of full text of electronic copies of publications.
3.3. The Licensor shall provide to the University a non-exclusive right to placement, backup and storage of scientific publications for non-commercial purposes with the following levels of access for the users of Nazarbayev University Repository (tick the necessary one):
□ in open access (with the ability to download full text or media file).
□ in gated access (with the ability to download full text or media file only for Nazarbayev University community).
□ in open access from Year ______ Month ______ Day ______ (with the ability to download a full-text or multimedia file (after the specified date the research material will be automatically placed in open access for all users)). 

3.4. The Licensor shall have the right:
3.4.1. to maintain his/her personal page;
3.4.2. to add documents within his/her personal pages by self-archiving;
3.4.3. to use other rights in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. When using Nazarbayev University Repository, the Licensor shall be prohibited to:
3.5.1. Upload, post, and (or) distribute documents and materials that are unlawful, harmful, defamatory, promoting violence and cruelty, hatred or discrimination against people on racial, ethnic, sexual, religious or social sign, containing insults against any individuals or entities, containing elements or are propaganda of pornography, child erotica, constitutes advertising of goods and services, explain the procedure of manufacture, application or other use of narcotic and psychotropic substances or their analogues, explosives or other weapons;
3.5.2. Upload, post, and (or) distribute works of science in the absence of rights on such actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3.5.3. Perform any act aimed at the violation of the restrictions and prohibitions imposed by this Agreement.

4. Final Provisions
4.1. Agreement may be amended by Nazarbayev University without any special notice; the new version of the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its posting on the Internet at http://library.nu.edu.kz unless otherwise provided in the new (current) version of the Agreement.
4.2. Scientific and other works available on the public domain in the Nazarbayev University Repository can be removed from the public access upon written request of the Licensor, if these works may have the prospect of commercial realization and their placement in the public domain violates the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights". In this case, scientific and other works are removed from public view, but not deleted from the server of repository.
4.3. Issues not covered by this Agreement, all possible disputes arising from relations governed by this Agreement shall be settled in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4.4. This Agreement is made in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. In case of discrepancies between the versions of the Agreement, the Russian version shall prevail.
I hereby accept the terms of the above License Agreement.

URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6131/1/Thesis+-+Yernur+Satay.pdf
File
MD5
dcd571655a2fa2cbad197cb3f27692ae
2531442
application/pdf
Thesis - Yernur Satay.pdf
URL
http://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/123456789/6131/4/Thesis+-+Yernur+Satay.pdf.txt
File
MD5
a8f8045bad80f78097878d674cbee971
97735
text/plain
Thesis - Yernur Satay.pdf.txt
mets///com_123456789_1666/100